生态环境学报
生態環境學報
생태배경학보
ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
2014年
10期
1593-1599
,共7页
林威鹏%方丹丹%吴夏明%宁川川%何梁玉%蔡昆争
林威鵬%方丹丹%吳夏明%寧川川%何樑玉%蔡昆爭
림위붕%방단단%오하명%저천천%하량옥%채곤쟁
五爪金龙%鸡矢藤%生物量比值%土壤养分%生态化学计量学
五爪金龍%鷄矢籐%生物量比值%土壤養分%生態化學計量學
오조금룡%계시등%생물량비치%토양양분%생태화학계량학
Ipomoea cairica%Paederia scandens%biomass ratio%soil nutrient%ecological stoichiometry
五爪金龙(Ipomoea cairica)是一种入侵性极强的外来杂草,在我国华南地区已造成严重危害。前人从传粉、种子萌发特性、再生能力、光能利用能力、土壤肥力利用等方面,对五爪金龙成功入侵华南地区进行研究,文本旨在从生态化学计量学的角度,进一步揭示五爪金龙成功入侵华南地区的机制。本研究通过对华南农业大学校园内10个五爪金龙严重入侵样地进行调查,收集样方中(0.5 m2)的全部植物样品,及植物所在样地20 cm表层土,调查五爪金龙的常见伴生种,测定五爪金龙及伴生种的含水率、叶绿素 SPAD 值,生物量、以及植物、土壤样品的 C、N、P、K 含量,并计算得出植株及土壤的化学计量学指标。结果表明,五爪金龙常与本地种鸡矢藤(Paederia scandens)形成共生群落,共生群落中五爪金龙和鸡矢藤的生物量比值稳定,在5?1~6?1间波动。共存群落中,五爪金龙植株的N、P、K质量分数显著高于鸡矢藤,但C质量分数、w(C)/w(N)、w(C)/w(P)则显著低于鸡矢藤。更有趣的是,共存群落中五爪金龙与鸡矢藤的生物量比值与土壤全量w(N)/w(P)、速效(N)/w(P)呈显著正相关关系,既在五爪金龙生物量在共生群落中的优势程度,随土壤 w(N)/w(P)在5?1~15?1这个范围内的提高而提高。此外,在五爪金龙严重入侵的样地中,五爪金龙植株w(C)/w(P)、w(C)/w(P)、w(N)/w(P)、w(N)/w(K)、w(P)/w(K)等化学计量学特征相比鸡矢藤,也与土壤对应化学计量学特征更为接近。以上4个结果暗示着,在五爪金龙可入侵新样地时,可能通过改变入侵地土壤矿质元素比例,使其更加适合自身吸收,从而促进其成功入侵。本研究将为解释五爪金龙入侵机制提供新的理论参考。
五爪金龍(Ipomoea cairica)是一種入侵性極彊的外來雜草,在我國華南地區已造成嚴重危害。前人從傳粉、種子萌髮特性、再生能力、光能利用能力、土壤肥力利用等方麵,對五爪金龍成功入侵華南地區進行研究,文本旨在從生態化學計量學的角度,進一步揭示五爪金龍成功入侵華南地區的機製。本研究通過對華南農業大學校園內10箇五爪金龍嚴重入侵樣地進行調查,收集樣方中(0.5 m2)的全部植物樣品,及植物所在樣地20 cm錶層土,調查五爪金龍的常見伴生種,測定五爪金龍及伴生種的含水率、葉綠素 SPAD 值,生物量、以及植物、土壤樣品的 C、N、P、K 含量,併計算得齣植株及土壤的化學計量學指標。結果錶明,五爪金龍常與本地種鷄矢籐(Paederia scandens)形成共生群落,共生群落中五爪金龍和鷄矢籐的生物量比值穩定,在5?1~6?1間波動。共存群落中,五爪金龍植株的N、P、K質量分數顯著高于鷄矢籐,但C質量分數、w(C)/w(N)、w(C)/w(P)則顯著低于鷄矢籐。更有趣的是,共存群落中五爪金龍與鷄矢籐的生物量比值與土壤全量w(N)/w(P)、速效(N)/w(P)呈顯著正相關關繫,既在五爪金龍生物量在共生群落中的優勢程度,隨土壤 w(N)/w(P)在5?1~15?1這箇範圍內的提高而提高。此外,在五爪金龍嚴重入侵的樣地中,五爪金龍植株w(C)/w(P)、w(C)/w(P)、w(N)/w(P)、w(N)/w(K)、w(P)/w(K)等化學計量學特徵相比鷄矢籐,也與土壤對應化學計量學特徵更為接近。以上4箇結果暗示著,在五爪金龍可入侵新樣地時,可能通過改變入侵地土壤礦質元素比例,使其更加適閤自身吸收,從而促進其成功入侵。本研究將為解釋五爪金龍入侵機製提供新的理論參攷。
오조금룡(Ipomoea cairica)시일충입침성겁강적외래잡초,재아국화남지구이조성엄중위해。전인종전분、충자맹발특성、재생능력、광능이용능력、토양비력이용등방면,대오조금룡성공입침화남지구진행연구,문본지재종생태화학계량학적각도,진일보게시오조금룡성공입침화남지구적궤제。본연구통과대화남농업대학교완내10개오조금룡엄중입침양지진행조사,수집양방중(0.5 m2)적전부식물양품,급식물소재양지20 cm표층토,조사오조금룡적상견반생충,측정오조금룡급반생충적함수솔、협록소 SPAD 치,생물량、이급식물、토양양품적 C、N、P、K 함량,병계산득출식주급토양적화학계량학지표。결과표명,오조금룡상여본지충계시등(Paederia scandens)형성공생군락,공생군락중오조금룡화계시등적생물량비치은정,재5?1~6?1간파동。공존군락중,오조금룡식주적N、P、K질량분수현저고우계시등,단C질량분수、w(C)/w(N)、w(C)/w(P)칙현저저우계시등。경유취적시,공존군락중오조금룡여계시등적생물량비치여토양전량w(N)/w(P)、속효(N)/w(P)정현저정상관관계,기재오조금룡생물량재공생군락중적우세정도,수토양 w(N)/w(P)재5?1~15?1저개범위내적제고이제고。차외,재오조금룡엄중입침적양지중,오조금룡식주w(C)/w(P)、w(C)/w(P)、w(N)/w(P)、w(N)/w(K)、w(P)/w(K)등화학계량학특정상비계시등,야여토양대응화학계량학특정경위접근。이상4개결과암시착,재오조금룡가입침신양지시,가능통과개변입침지토양광질원소비례,사기경가괄합자신흡수,종이촉진기성공입침。본연구장위해석오조금룡입침궤제제공신적이론삼고。
Ipomoea cairica is a highly invasive exotic weed leading to severe ecological damage in South China. Many studies have examined the potential invasion mechanisms involving particular traits of seed germination, regeneration ability, photosynthetic capacity and mineral nutrient absorption of the plant. This study aims to investigate the role of ecological stoichiometry in invasive success of the weed. TenI. cairica- invaded quadrats were investigated on South China Agricultural University campus. All plants and topsoil (0- 20 cm) were sampled in the quadrats to determine water content, SPAD value, biomass ofI. cairicaand itscompanion plant (Paederia scandens). The content of C, N, P, and K in plants ofI. cairica,P. scandens and soils were also measured. The results showed thatI. cairicausually co-exists withP. scandens, biomass ratio betweenI. cairica andP. scandenswas stably between 5:1 and 6:1. The content of N, P, K inI. cairica plants was significantly higher than that inP. scandens plants, but the content of C and w(C)/w(N)、w(C)/w(P) was reverse. More interesting, biomass ratio ofI. cairica/P. scandens was positively correlated with the ratio of soil totalw (N)/w (P) and availablew (N)/w(P), and the linear regression was significant. In addition, we found thatw (C)/w(P),w (C)/w(P),w (N)/w(P),w (N)/w(K),w (P)/w(K) inI. cairica plants were more corresponding to soil than those inP. scandens. Our results suggest thatI. cairicamaychange the ratio of different mineral nutrient content in soils in invaded area, which facilitates its competition and invasion. This study may imply a new invasive mechanism ofI. Cairica.