CAJ | 학술논문

采用 SPME/GC-MS 法对4个龙眼品种果实香气成分进行了分析鉴定。结果表明，4个龙眼品种共检测出44种芳香物质，其中烷类11种，烯类18种，酯类10种，醇类3种，酮类1种，炔类1种，它们构成4种龙眼主要的香气成分。4个龙眼品种在香气组成和含量上有所差异，储良、东良、东丰、石硖中分别含有25种、24种、26种、21种香气成分。其中，4种龙眼共有的香气成分有7种：分别是十七烷、罗勒烯(顺式)、罗勒烯(反式)、别罗勒烯、1,3,8-对-薄荷三烯、α-石竹烯、(E)-β-金合欢烯，但其相对含量都有所差异；此外，各品种也具有自己独特的香气成分，如储良特有的香气成分有9种：包括十六烷、2-甲基-4-亚甲基-5-(2,2-二甲基环丙基)-1-戊烯、5-环丙基戊酸乙酯、二十酸乙酯、棕榈酸乙酯、9-十六碳烯酸乙酯、香叶基芳樟醇、芳樟醇、2,7-二甲基-3-辛烯-5-炔；东丰特有的3种：包括1-碘十一烷、反式，反式-法尼基酸甲酯、2-羟基十二烷酸甲酯；石硖特有的4种：包括十一烷、(-)-异丁香烯、1,3,3-三甲基-2-乙基环己烯、喇叭茶醇；东良没有特有的香气成分。
채용 SPME/GC-MS 법대4개용안품충과실향기성분진행료분석감정。결과표명，4개용안품충공검측출44충방향물질，기중완류11충，희류18충，지류10충，순류3충，동류1충，결류1충，타문구성4충용안주요적향기성분。4개용안품충재향기조성화함량상유소차이，저량、동량、동봉、석협중분별함유25충、24충、26충、21충향기성분。기중，4충용안공유적향기성분유7충：분별시십칠완、라륵희(순식)、라륵희(반식)、별라륵희、1,3,8-대-박하삼희、α-석죽희、(E)-β-금합환희，단기상대함량도유소차이；차외，각품충야구유자기독특적향기성분，여저량특유적향기성분유9충：포괄십륙완、2-갑기-4-아갑기-5-(2,2-이갑기배병기)-1-무희、5-배병기무산을지、이십산을지、종려산을지、9-십륙탄희산을지、향협기방장순、방장순、2,7-이갑기-3-신희-5-결；동봉특유적3충：포괄1-전십일완、반식，반식-법니기산갑지、2-간기십이완산갑지；석협특유적4충：포괄십일완、(-)-이정향희、1,3,3-삼갑기-2-을기배기희、나팔다순；동량몰유특유적향기성분。
The compositions of aromatic compounds in four longan cultivars were analyzed by solid-phase micro-extraction technique combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME/GC-MS). A total of 44 aromatic components including 11 alkanes, 18 alkenes, 10 esters, 3 alcohols, 1 ketones and 1 alkynes were identified as the major aroma compounds in longan. There were significant differences in aromatic composition in the four cultivars. 25, 24, 26 and 21 aromatic components were identified from ‘Chuliang’, ‘Dongliang’, ‘Dongfeng’ and ‘Shixia’ respectively. Heptadecane; 1,3,6-Octatriene, 3,7-dimethyl-, (E)-; 1,3,6-Octatriene, 3,7-dimethyl-; 2,4,6-Octatriene, 2,6-dimethyl-,(E,Z)-; 1,3,8-p-Menthatriene; Caryophyllene and 1,6,10-Dodecatriene, 7,11-dimethyl-3-methylene-were identified in all the four cultivars, but their relative contents showed considerable differences. In addition, different cultivars of longan had unique aromatic components. For example, 'Chuliang' had 9 specific aromatic components :Hexadecane; 1-Pentene, 5-(2,2-dimethylcyclopropyl)-2-methyl-4-methylene-;Pentanoic acid, 5-cyclopropylide ne-, ethyl ester; Eicosanoic acid, ethyl ester; Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester; Ethyl 9-hexadecenoate; 1,6,10,14-Hexadecatetraen-3-ol,3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-; 1,6-Octadien-3-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-; 3-Octen-5-yne, 7-dimethyl-1,6-Octadien-3-ol-3,7-dimethyl,1-pentene-5- (2,2-dimethylcyclopro pyl)-2-met,pentanoic acid-5-cyclopropylidene ethyl ester, 3-octen-5-yne-2,7-dimethyl (E), hexadecane, eicosanoic acid ethyl ester, 1,6,10,14-hexadecatetraen-3-ol-3,7,11,15-tet, hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester and ethyl 9-hexadecenoate; ‘Dongfeng’ had 3 particular aromatic compounds: 1-Iodoundecane; 2,6,10-Dodecatrienoic acid, 3,7,11-trimethyl-, methyl ester; Methyl 2-hydroxydodecanoate;‘Shixia’had 4 unique aromatic compounds: undecane; Bicyclo[7.2.0]undec-4-ene, 4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylene-; Cyclohexene, 2-ethenyl-1,3,3-trimethyl-; ledo; ‘Dongliang’ had no peculiar aroma components.