天文学进展
天文學進展
천문학진전
PROGRESS IN ASTRONOMY
2014年
4期
481-515
,共35页
伽玛射线暴%超新星%中子星%黑洞
伽瑪射線暴%超新星%中子星%黑洞
가마사선폭%초신성%중자성%흑동
gamma-ray burst%supernovae%neutron star%black hole
从1998年4月初步确认 GRB 980425/SN 1998bw 成协，至2013年9月确认 GRB 130831A/SN 2013fu 成协，共有11对伽玛暴与超新星成协事件通过光谱学方法得到确认。对伽玛暴–超新星成协的详细研究大大深化了人们对伽玛暴与Ic 型超新星的认识，并推进了人们对大质量恒星演化、死亡以及爆发机制的研究；对它们的多波段余辉的性质以及超新星光谱的观测与分析间接地揭示出伽玛暴–超新星中心引擎的性质。这些事件中，GRB 130427A/SN 2013cq具有特殊的重要性：它是近距离宇宙中唯一的高能、高亮度的伽玛暴，它的GeV辐射挑战了当前的伽玛暴辐射机制，伴随它的明亮光学闪提供了爆炸本性的有用线索，伴随它的SN 2013cq是伽玛暴成协的超新星中动能最大的超新星之一，对伴随它的中微子探测的零结果也对伽玛暴的瞬时辐射模型给出了有用的限制。总结了GRB 130427A/SN 2013cq 的重要观测结果，这对于探索伽玛暴–超新星成协的本质及伽玛暴瞬时辐射和余辉的细节性质有非常重要的研究价值。
從1998年4月初步確認 GRB 980425/SN 1998bw 成協，至2013年9月確認 GRB 130831A/SN 2013fu 成協，共有11對伽瑪暴與超新星成協事件通過光譜學方法得到確認。對伽瑪暴–超新星成協的詳細研究大大深化瞭人們對伽瑪暴與Ic 型超新星的認識，併推進瞭人們對大質量恆星縯化、死亡以及爆髮機製的研究；對它們的多波段餘輝的性質以及超新星光譜的觀測與分析間接地揭示齣伽瑪暴–超新星中心引擎的性質。這些事件中，GRB 130427A/SN 2013cq具有特殊的重要性：它是近距離宇宙中唯一的高能、高亮度的伽瑪暴，它的GeV輻射挑戰瞭噹前的伽瑪暴輻射機製，伴隨它的明亮光學閃提供瞭爆炸本性的有用線索，伴隨它的SN 2013cq是伽瑪暴成協的超新星中動能最大的超新星之一，對伴隨它的中微子探測的零結果也對伽瑪暴的瞬時輻射模型給齣瞭有用的限製。總結瞭GRB 130427A/SN 2013cq 的重要觀測結果，這對于探索伽瑪暴–超新星成協的本質及伽瑪暴瞬時輻射和餘輝的細節性質有非常重要的研究價值。
종1998년4월초보학인 GRB 980425/SN 1998bw 성협，지2013년9월학인 GRB 130831A/SN 2013fu 성협，공유11대가마폭여초신성성협사건통과광보학방법득도학인。대가마폭–초신성성협적상세연구대대심화료인문대가마폭여Ic 형초신성적인식，병추진료인문대대질량항성연화、사망이급폭발궤제적연구；대타문적다파단여휘적성질이급초신성광보적관측여분석간접지게시출가마폭–초신성중심인경적성질。저사사건중，GRB 130427A/SN 2013cq구유특수적중요성：타시근거리우주중유일적고능、고량도적가마폭，타적GeV복사도전료당전적가마폭복사궤제，반수타적명량광학섬제공료폭작본성적유용선색，반수타적SN 2013cq시가마폭성협적초신성중동능최대적초신성지일，대반수타적중미자탐측적령결과야대가마폭적순시복사모형급출료유용적한제。총결료GRB 130427A/SN 2013cq 적중요관측결과，저대우탐색가마폭–초신성성협적본질급가마폭순시복사화여휘적세절성질유비상중요적연구개치。
Eleven gamma-ray burst (GRB)/supernova (SN) associations have been identi-fied since the first possible connection between GRB 980425 and SN 1998bw was discovered in April 1998. The most recent association is GRB 130831A/SN 2013fu which was identified in September 2013. By studying these GRB/SN associations in details, our understanding of GRBs as well as type Ic SNe has been greatly deepened, and the study of the evolution, death as well as explosion of massive stars has been advanced. The observations and analysis of their multi-band afterglows and supernova spectra have gradually unveiled the GRB/SN central engines. GRB 130427A is the only-known unique energetic and luminous GRB dis-covered in the local universe. The GeV gamma-ray emission of GRB 130427A challenges current GRB radiation mechanisms. The bright optical flash from GRB 130427A provides valuable clues about the nature of the explosion. The kinetic energy of SN 2013cq accompa-nied GRB 130427A is one of the largest kinetic energy of all SNe associated with GRBs. The non-detection of neutrinos from GRB 130427A/SN 2013cq can put useful constraint on the models for GRB prompt emission. In this review, we summarize the important observational properties of GRB 130427A/SN 2013cq, which are very valuable for exploring the nature of GRB-SN association and the detailed properties of the prompt and afterglow emission.
