CAJ | 학술논문

节流阀结构是影响减振器阻尼特性的主要因素，为了得到其结构参数，作者建立了高速列车二系横向减振器内流场的仿真模型。利用计算流体力学的方法分析减振器内部三维动态流场，得到节流阀阻尼孔的尺寸以及开阀阻尼力和开阀速度，并分析了开阀速度和油液温度对减振器阻尼特性的影响。计算结果表明：调节节流阀参数可以得到满足减振器性能要求的阻尼特性；高温时减振器阻尼力减小的两个主要因素是节流阀片易开启以及油液动力黏度降低；开阀速度极小的改变会引起减振器阻尼力发生较大的变化。
절류벌결구시영향감진기조니특성적주요인소，위료득도기결구삼수，작자건립료고속열차이계횡향감진기내류장적방진모형。이용계산류체역학적방법분석감진기내부삼유동태류장，득도절류벌조니공적척촌이급개벌조니력화개벌속도，병분석료개벌속도화유액온도대감진기조니특성적영향。계산결과표명：조절절류벌삼수가이득도만족감진기성능요구적조니특성；고온시감진기조니력감소적량개주요인소시절류벌편역개계이급유액동력점도강저；개벌속도겁소적개변회인기감진기조니력발생교대적변화。
Throttle valve structure is the main factor affecting the shock absorber damping characteristics. To get the throttle valve parameters,a fluid field simulation model of high-speed train’s shock absorber was built. The three-dimensional dynamic fluid field in the shock absorber was simulated using the method of computational fluid dynamics,and the throttle valve damping hole size, the valve opening damping force and speed were obtained. The influence of the valve opening speed, the oil temperature to the damping characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that:the throttle valve parameters should be adjusted to make sure that the damping characteristic met the shock absorber performance requirements;the damping force decreased at high temperatures because the valve opened easily and the oil dynamic viscosity was reduced with the temperature rising;a small change in the rate of the opening speed would cause a great change of the damping force.