CAJ | 학술논문

近年来，生物质碳（biochar）作为新型吸附剂被广泛研究。但由于制备biochar的生物质原料和热解温度的不同，使biochar的结构和组成存在差异，从而影响其对污染物的吸附。目前关于biochar的结构和组成的研究还不够全面。因此，结合了能谱与光谱分析的手段，对biochar的结构和组成进行了深入的分析。选取木质类（柳树枝条）和草类（水稻秸秆）作为原料，分别在不同热解温度（300，450和600℃）下制得bio-chars，并对biochars样品进行元素分析、X射线光电子能谱分析（XPS）和固态13C核磁共振（13CNMR）研究，以阐明不同热解温度和生物质来源的biochars的结构和组成。结果显示：biochar的H／C，O／C和（O＋N）／C的比值随着热解温度的升高而降低；草类biochar比木质类biochar具有更高的灰分含量和表面极性；木质类biochar的矿物主要分布在样品颗粒内部，其表面被有机质覆盖，而草类biochar部分矿物暴露在样品颗粒表面；13CNMR显示低温制得的biochar主要由芳香碳、脂肪碳、羧基和羰基碳组成，高温制得的biochar主要由芳香碳组成，且低温制得biochars中，木质类biochars比草类biochars含有更高的木质素的残留碳结构，这是由于木质类biochars原材料中含有更高的木质素。
근년래，생물질탄（biochar）작위신형흡부제피엄범연구。단유우제비biochar적생물질원료화열해온도적불동，사biochar적결구화조성존재차이，종이영향기대오염물적흡부。목전관우biochar적결구화조성적연구환불구전면。인차，결합료능보여광보분석적수단，대biochar적결구화조성진행료심입적분석。선취목질류（류수지조）화초류（수도갈간）작위원료，분별재불동열해온도（300，450화600℃）하제득bio-chars，병대biochars양품진행원소분석、X사선광전자능보분석（XPS）화고태13C핵자공진（13CNMR）연구，이천명불동열해온도화생물질래원적biochars적결구화조성。결과현시：biochar적H／C，O／C화（O＋N）／C적비치수착열해온도적승고이강저；초류biochar비목질류biochar구유경고적회분함량화표면겁성；목질류biochar적광물주요분포재양품과립내부，기표면피유궤질복개，이초류biochar부분광물폭로재양품과립표면；13CNMR현시저온제득적biochar주요유방향탄、지방탄、최기화탄기탄조성，고온제득적biochar주요유방향탄조성，차저온제득biochars중，목질류biochars비초류biochars함유경고적목질소적잔류탄결구，저시유우목질류biochars원재료중함유경고적목질소。
The wood (willow branch) and grass (rice straw ) materials were pyrolyzed at different temperatures (300 ,450 and 600 ℃) to obtain the biochars used in the present study .The biochars were characterized using elementary analysis ,X-ray pho-toelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and solid state 13 C cross-polarization and magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spec-troscopy (13C NMR) to illuminate the structure and composition of the biochars which were derived from the different thermal temperatures and biomass .The results showed that the H/C ,O/C and (O+N)/C ratios of the biochars decreased with the in-crease in the pyrolysis temperatures .The surface polarity and ash content of the grass-derived biochars were higher than those of the wood-derived biochars .The minerals of the wood-derived biochars were mainly covered by the organic matter ;in contrast , parts of the mineral surfaces of the grass-derived biochars were not covered by organic matter .The 13C NMR of the low tempera-ture-derived biochars revealed a large contribution of aromatic carbon ,aliphatic carbon ,carboxyl and carbonyl carbon ,while the high temperature-derived biochars contained a large amount of aromatic carbon .Moreover ,the wood-derived biochars produced at low heat treatment temperatures contained more lignin residues than grass-derived ones ,probably due to the existence of high lignin content in the feedstock soures of wood-derived biochars .The results of the study would be useful for environmental appli-cation of biochars .