CAJ | 학술논문

采用纳米压痕划痕仪与AFM，研究PD3与U71Mn钢轨微观力学性能与摩擦磨损特性，通过拉伸实验和JD-1轮轨模拟试验机研究2种钢轨的宏观力学特性与摩擦磨损性能。结果表明：2种材料力学性能在微观和宏观表现一致，即PD3钢轨硬度较大、抗压能力强，具有良好的抗磨损能力；U71Mn钢轨塑性高、韧性大，具有良好的抵抗疲劳的能力。微观实验结果显示，2种钢轨在载荷不大时都以磨粒磨损为主，随载荷增大，交变应力作用增强，受疲劳影响PD3钢轨划痕两侧出现沟纹；U71Mn划痕损伤在犁沟摩擦力作用下，产生塑性变形。微观与宏观实验结果具有一致性，对2种钢轨磨损特性的测量误差在5％之内，因此在一定程度上可以用微观实验来代替宏观实验研究钢轨材料的摩擦磨损特性。
채용납미압흔화흔의여AFM，연구PD3여U71Mn강궤미관역학성능여마찰마손특성，통과랍신실험화JD-1륜궤모의시험궤연구2충강궤적굉관역학특성여마찰마손성능。결과표명：2충재료역학성능재미관화굉관표현일치，즉PD3강궤경도교대、항압능력강，구유량호적항마손능력；U71Mn강궤소성고、인성대，구유량호적저항피로적능력。미관실험결과현시，2충강궤재재하불대시도이마립마손위주，수재하증대，교변응력작용증강，수피로영향PD3강궤화흔량측출현구문；U71Mn화흔손상재리구마찰력작용하，산생소성변형。미관여굉관실험결과구유일치성，대2충강궤마손특성적측량오차재5％지내，인차재일정정도상가이용미관실험래대체굉관실험연구강궤재료적마찰마손특성。
The micro mechanical properties and wear characteristics of PD3 and U71 Mn rail materials were studied u-sing nanoindenter and AFM,and the macro mechanical properties and wear performance were investigated by static tension tests and simulation experiments. The results indicate that the micro and macro mechanical properties of two kinds of mate-rials are consistent,it is that PD3 rail has bigger hardness,stronger compression capability,better resistance to wear,while U71Mn rail has higher plasticity,better resistance to fatigue. Micro test results show that the abrasive wear is the main wear mechanism while the load is smaller,and with the increase of load,the alternating stress is increased,ditch lines ap-pear at both sides of PD3 rail nick in the effect of fatigue,seriously plastic deformation is produced for U71Mn under the furrow friction function. Micro and macro experimental results are consistent,the measurement error is within 5%,so in some extent,micro experiments can substitute macro experiment to analyze the friction and wear characteristics of rail mate-rials.