华东经济管理
華東經濟管理
화동경제관리
EAST CHINA ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT
2014年
12期
29-33
,共5页
新生代农民工%就业能力%失业%离职
新生代農民工%就業能力%失業%離職
신생대농민공%취업능력%실업%리직
new-generation migrant workers%employability%unemployment%turnover
当前,新生代农民工与城市各个产业尤其是制造业有机相连,成为城市社会生活不可或缺的一部分。然而,随着国内产业转型升级的不断推进,许多企业和众多新生代农民工都面临用工与就业的严峻考验。对于新生代农民工而言,就业能力是决定其就业的核心与本质问题。文章采用Fugate (2004)对就业能力的划分,从职业认同、个人适应性、人力和社会资本分析新生代农民工就业能力的现状。在此基础上,提出新生代农民工失业和离职问题的分析框架:就业能力无法满足市场和用人单位的需求导致新生代农民工失业;就业能力虽满足市场和用人单位的需求,但由于企业无法满足其基本诉求,导致新生代农民工离职频繁。基于此,提出对未实现就业的新生代农民工,应通过政府政策支持和新民工自我管理,提升其就业能力,进而实现就业;对已实现就业的新民工,应建立组织支持契合,积极开展指导关系项目,降低其离职倾向,在实现稳定就业的基础上实现优质就业。
噹前,新生代農民工與城市各箇產業尤其是製造業有機相連,成為城市社會生活不可或缺的一部分。然而,隨著國內產業轉型升級的不斷推進,許多企業和衆多新生代農民工都麵臨用工與就業的嚴峻攷驗。對于新生代農民工而言,就業能力是決定其就業的覈心與本質問題。文章採用Fugate (2004)對就業能力的劃分,從職業認同、箇人適應性、人力和社會資本分析新生代農民工就業能力的現狀。在此基礎上,提齣新生代農民工失業和離職問題的分析框架:就業能力無法滿足市場和用人單位的需求導緻新生代農民工失業;就業能力雖滿足市場和用人單位的需求,但由于企業無法滿足其基本訴求,導緻新生代農民工離職頻繁。基于此,提齣對未實現就業的新生代農民工,應通過政府政策支持和新民工自我管理,提升其就業能力,進而實現就業;對已實現就業的新民工,應建立組織支持契閤,積極開展指導關繫項目,降低其離職傾嚮,在實現穩定就業的基礎上實現優質就業。
당전,신생대농민공여성시각개산업우기시제조업유궤상련,성위성시사회생활불가혹결적일부분。연이,수착국내산업전형승급적불단추진,허다기업화음다신생대농민공도면림용공여취업적엄준고험。대우신생대농민공이언,취업능력시결정기취업적핵심여본질문제。문장채용Fugate (2004)대취업능력적화분,종직업인동、개인괄응성、인력화사회자본분석신생대농민공취업능력적현상。재차기출상,제출신생대농민공실업화리직문제적분석광가:취업능력무법만족시장화용인단위적수구도치신생대농민공실업;취업능력수만족시장화용인단위적수구,단유우기업무법만족기기본소구,도치신생대농민공리직빈번。기우차,제출대미실현취업적신생대농민공,응통과정부정책지지화신민공자아관리,제승기취업능력,진이실현취업;대이실현취업적신민공,응건립조직지지계합,적겁개전지도관계항목,강저기리직경향,재실현은정취업적기출상실현우질취업。
At present,new-generation migrant workers engage in various industries,especially in manufacturing industry, and become an indispensable part of the urban social life. However, with the continuous progress of domestic industrial transformation and upgrading, both many enterprises and numerous new-generation migrant workers are facing the severe situation of recruitment and employment. The employability is the essential element to determine the employment for new-generation migrant workers. The paper applies Fugate (2004) to classify the employability, and analyzes the present situation of the employability of new-generation migrant workers from the perspectives of professional identity, adaptabili?ty,human capital and social capital. Based on the study,the paper puts forward the analytical framework of unemployment and turnover of new-generation migrant workers: the employability of new-generation migrant workers cannot match the re?quirements of labor market and enterprises, which leads to unemployment; although the employability of new-generation migrant workers can match the requirements of labor market and enterprises, the enterprises cannot meet their basic de?mands, which results in frequent turnover. Therefore, the paper proposes that we should improve the employability of new-generation migrant workers in order to realize employment through the support of government policies and their self-management for unemployed migrant workers; we should also reduce turnover and realize high quality employment on the basis of stable employment through the establishment of organizational support fit and the active development of mentor?ing relationship projects for employed migrant workers.