CAJ | 학술논문

根据开都孔雀河流域1990、2000和2010年Landsat?TM影像数据和中巴资源卫星数据，结合GIS技术，研究其近20 a土地利用／覆被及景观格局的动态变化特征及变化原因。结果表明，1990—2010年开都孔雀河流域土地利用类型变化最明显的是耕地、建设用地和水域湿地，年均变化率分别为4?76％、－1?61％和1?45％，而未利用地年均变化率最小，为－0?29％。草地面积的8?71％和未利用地面积的1?73％均转变为耕地，草地面积的2?41％转变为水域湿地，建设用地的54?74％转变为未利用地；林地面积在2000年前减少，主要转变为耕地，而在2000年后耕地和草地转变为林地，又使其面积增加。整个研究时段耕地、水域湿地分布趋于集中，逐渐成为研究区的优势景观类型；在2000年前林地分布破碎化明显，在2000年后趋于集中；1990—2010年，草地面积减少，景观优势度下降，景观形状趋于简单。认为人口的不断增加以及经济利益的驱动使得流域内耕地面积不断扩大，从而严重危及流域的生态环境安全。
근거개도공작하류역1990、2000화2010년Landsat?TM영상수거화중파자원위성수거，결합GIS기술，연구기근20 a토지이용／복피급경관격국적동태변화특정급변화원인。결과표명，1990—2010년개도공작하류역토지이용류형변화최명현적시경지、건설용지화수역습지，년균변화솔분별위4?76％、－1?61％화1?45％，이미이용지년균변화솔최소，위－0?29％。초지면적적8?71％화미이용지면적적1?73％균전변위경지，초지면적적2?41％전변위수역습지，건설용지적54?74％전변위미이용지；임지면적재2000년전감소，주요전변위경지，이재2000년후경지화초지전변위임지，우사기면적증가。정개연구시단경지、수역습지분포추우집중，축점성위연구구적우세경관류형；재2000년전임지분포파쇄화명현，재2000년후추우집중；1990—2010년，초지면적감소，경관우세도하강，경관형상추우간단。인위인구적불단증가이급경제이익적구동사득류역내경지면적불단확대，종이엄중위급류역적생태배경안전。
Based on Landsat?TM and CBERS images of the Kaidu?Kongque River valley in 1990, 2000 and 2010, and with the aid of the GIS technology, dynamic changes in land use/cover and landscape pattern of the valley and causes of the changes in the recent 20 years were analyzed. Results show:In 1990—2010, the changes in farmland, construction land and water wetlands were the most obvious, being at a rate of 4?76%, -1?61% and 1?45%, respectively, in annual mean, while the change in virgin land, the least, being at a rate of-0?29%;8?71% of the grassland area and 1?73% of the virgin land transformed into farmland, 2?41% of the grassland into water surface or wetland and 54?74% of the con?struction land into waste land;Before the year of 2000 forest land decreased in area, being mainly transformed into farm?land, while after that year, farmland and grassland were turned back into forest land, increasing the forest land in area;During the time period covered by the study, cultivated land and water surface/wetland tended to be concentrated in distri?bution and gradually became the dominant types of landscape in the study area;Before 2000 forest land distributed in frag?ments, but after 2000 it began to tend to be concentrated;during the period, grassland decreased in area and in landscape dominance as well;and as a result, the landscape pattern tended to be simple. It is believed that it is mainly the continu?ous growing population and their activities for seeking economic profits that has caused farmland steadily diminishing in ar?ea in the valley, thus seriously threatening the eco?environment safety of the valley.