气象
氣象
기상
METEOROLOGICAL MONTHLY
2014年
11期
1345-1353
,共9页
突发性暴雨%中尺度特征%列车效应%诊断分析
突髮性暴雨%中呎度特徵%列車效應%診斷分析
돌발성폭우%중척도특정%열차효응%진단분석
sudden rainstorm%mesoscale features%train effect%diagnositic analysis
利用加密自动站资料、NCEP每6 h再分析资料和FY-2 C红外TBB等资料，对2012年6月15日发生在哀牢山东侧突发性暴雨进行诊断分析。结果表明：700 hPa切变线移到哀牢山后受滇缅脊和地形阻挡形成与山脉同向的切变线，地面冷锋移到哀山东侧后形成静止锋，受不断南下冷空气补充，形成冷空气下沉，暖湿气流上升，出现强烈的上升运动。切变线附近辐合云带内形成的中尺度对流云团在高空西北气流引导下产生的“列车效应”导致了突发性暴雨发生。来自东海和孟加拉湾水汽在切变线附近交汇，受切变线两侧风向辐合产生强烈的水汽辐合，并在哀牢山附近形成深厚的水汽辐合层，是本次突发性暴雨天气的主要水汽特征。逐小时地面自动站海平面气压场和对流有效位能在哀牢山沿线突发性暴雨发生前有明显变化，强降水主要发生在地面中尺度暖低压附近和对流有效位能高值区，此分析对此类短时强降水预报和预警具有一定指示意义。
利用加密自動站資料、NCEP每6 h再分析資料和FY-2 C紅外TBB等資料，對2012年6月15日髮生在哀牢山東側突髮性暴雨進行診斷分析。結果錶明：700 hPa切變線移到哀牢山後受滇緬脊和地形阻擋形成與山脈同嚮的切變線，地麵冷鋒移到哀山東側後形成靜止鋒，受不斷南下冷空氣補充，形成冷空氣下沉，暖濕氣流上升，齣現彊烈的上升運動。切變線附近輻閤雲帶內形成的中呎度對流雲糰在高空西北氣流引導下產生的“列車效應”導緻瞭突髮性暴雨髮生。來自東海和孟加拉灣水汽在切變線附近交彙，受切變線兩側風嚮輻閤產生彊烈的水汽輻閤，併在哀牢山附近形成深厚的水汽輻閤層，是本次突髮性暴雨天氣的主要水汽特徵。逐小時地麵自動站海平麵氣壓場和對流有效位能在哀牢山沿線突髮性暴雨髮生前有明顯變化，彊降水主要髮生在地麵中呎度暖低壓附近和對流有效位能高值區，此分析對此類短時彊降水預報和預警具有一定指示意義。
이용가밀자동참자료、NCEP매6 h재분석자료화FY-2 C홍외TBB등자료，대2012년6월15일발생재애뢰산동측돌발성폭우진행진단분석。결과표명：700 hPa절변선이도애뢰산후수전면척화지형조당형성여산맥동향적절변선，지면랭봉이도애산동측후형성정지봉，수불단남하랭공기보충，형성랭공기하침，난습기류상승，출현강렬적상승운동。절변선부근복합운대내형성적중척도대류운단재고공서북기류인도하산생적“열차효응”도치료돌발성폭우발생。래자동해화맹가랍만수기재절변선부근교회，수절변선량측풍향복합산생강렬적수기복합，병재애뢰산부근형성심후적수기복합층，시본차돌발성폭우천기적주요수기특정。축소시지면자동참해평면기압장화대류유효위능재애뢰산연선돌발성폭우발생전유명현변화，강강수주요발생재지면중척도난저압부근화대류유효위능고치구，차분석대차류단시강강수예보화예경구유일정지시의의。
Based on the dense observation data,NCEP reanalysis and infrared TBB data,the system fea-tures and the cause for the rainstorm process on the east side of Ailao Mountain on 15 June 2012 have been diagnostically analyzed.The results show that the shear line at 700 hPa becomes the shear line parallel to Ailao Mountain after it moves to the mountain because of Yunnan-Burma ridge and terrain.The surface cold front becomes stationary front after it moves to the east side of Ailao Mountain.At the same time, surface cold air is supplied from north,cold air sinks and warm air increases,so strong ascending motion takes place.The mesoscale convective cloud cluster that forms in the convergent cloud belt near the shear line produces “train effect”,guided by the northwest flow and results in convective rainstorm.The vapor from East China Sea and Bay of Bengal converges at the nearby shear line.Deep moisture convergence lay-er caused by wind convergence nearby Ailao Mountain is main vapor characteristic in this sudden rain-storms weather.The hourly surface automatic station sea level pressure field and CAPE have significant changes before the occurrence of sudden rainstorm along Ailao Mountain,severe precipitation primarily happens near mesoscale surface warm depression and high value area of CAPE.These results would be in-dicative to the forecasting and warning of this type short-time severe precipitation.
