CAJ | 학술논문

利用常规气象观测资料、NCEP的FNL客观再分析资料和L波段雷达探测资料以及采用国家卫星气象中心多通道气象卫星监测数据和定性分析海雾的方法来处理卫星监测的海雾信息，探讨了2010年2月22—25日黄渤海大雾过程的边界层海气要素的特征、大雾成因及生消机理，结果表明：（1）这次大雾是产生在欧亚中高纬平直环流、大气层结稳定的气象条件下。南支槽前的西南气流与副热带高压西北侧及沿海高压脊后部的偏南气流汇合，形成一支跨越中低纬的偏南气流为海雾形成提供有利的水汽条件。（2）大雾的生消与海表温度、气海温差、空气稳定度和风场等气象、水文要素有密切关系；大雾期间，黄渤海气海温差在0～2℃；大气边界层至对流层下部均有逆温层和等温层，逆温层内的温差为6～8℃，垂直温度的变化是上层温度随时间增大高于低层，使逆温层加强并不断抬升，抑制空气垂直对流发展。近地层空气湿度较大，在200 m 附近出现一个液态水含量达0．6 g·kg－1大值区；850 hPa以下层均由2～4 m·s－1的东北风随高度顺转成6～8 m·s－1的西南风，为大雾形成和持续发展提供了有利条件。（3）大雾的湍流最大发展高度达到240 m，湍流混合作用可将中上层湿区水汽和雾滴带到近海面层，同时也有利于空气的降温，易达到饱和凝结而形成大雾。中低层持续弱暖平流把暖湿气流输送至冷海面上有利于近海面逆温层的建立和维持，海面辐射冷却作用激发平流形成大雾。
이용상규기상관측자료、NCEP적FNL객관재분석자료화L파단뢰체탐측자료이급채용국가위성기상중심다통도기상위성감측수거화정성분석해무적방법래처리위성감측적해무신식，탐토료2010년2월22—25일황발해대무과정적변계층해기요소적특정、대무성인급생소궤리，결과표명：（1）저차대무시산생재구아중고위평직배류、대기층결은정적기상조건하。남지조전적서남기류여부열대고압서북측급연해고압척후부적편남기류회합，형성일지과월중저위적편남기류위해무형성제공유리적수기조건。（2）대무적생소여해표온도、기해온차、공기은정도화풍장등기상、수문요소유밀절관계；대무기간，황발해기해온차재0～2℃；대기변계층지대류층하부균유역온층화등온층，역온층내적온차위6～8℃，수직온도적변화시상층온도수시간증대고우저층，사역온층가강병불단태승，억제공기수직대류발전。근지층공기습도교대，재200 m 부근출현일개액태수함량체0．6 g·kg－1대치구；850 hPa이하층균유2～4 m·s－1적동북풍수고도순전성6～8 m·s－1적서남풍，위대무형성화지속발전제공료유리조건。（3）대무적단류최대발전고도체도240 m，단류혼합작용가장중상층습구수기화무적대도근해면층，동시야유리우공기적강온，역체도포화응결이형성대무。중저층지속약난평류파난습기류수송지랭해면상유리우근해면역온층적건립화유지，해면복사냉각작용격발평류형성대무。
Using conventional meteorological observations,NCEP reanalysis data (FNL),L-band radar da-ta,and applying the multi-channel satellite monitoring data from National Satellite Meteorological Centre and qualitatively analyzing the sea fog,this paper discusses the heavy sea fog event during February 22-25,2010,including the boundary layer (BL)characteristics,formation and disappearance mechanism.The results show that:(1)The fog happens under straight circulation in the Eurasian high latitudes,with sta-ble atmospheric stratification weather conditions.The southwest flow of southern branch trough converges with the southerly flow in the northwest of subtropical high and behind high pressure ridge,and the corre-sponding low-latitude southerly flow provides a favorable moisture condition for the formation of this e-vent.(2)The process of fog is closely related to sea surface temperature,air-sea temperature difference,stability of atmosphere,wind and other meteorological or hydrological factors.During the fog process,air-sea temperature difference is 0-2℃,inversion and isothermal layers appear from BL to the lower tropo-sphere.There is a 6-8℃ in inversion layer,and vertical temperature increasing by time is greater in the upper level than in the bottom,which causes the inversion layer to strengthen and continue to uplift or re-construct,and restrains the vertical convection.Air humidity is comparatively large in the near-surface layer with a center of 0.6 g·kg-1 in liquid water content around 200 m.And there is 2-4 m·s-1 north-easterly clockwise turning to 6-8 m·s-1 southwesterly below 850 hPa,which provides favorable condi-tions for the fog.(3 )The developed height of turbulence reaches 240 m.The turbulent mixing brings moisture and droplets from upper layer to the surface layer,and contributes to the cooling,which results in the saturation and condensation for the fog event.The warm air in the lower layer is transported to the cold sea surface by the sustained weak and warm advection,which is conducive to the establishment of the inversion.The radiation cooling triggers this fog event.