CAJ | 학술논문

古蔺牛皮茶是四川省特有的茶树种质资源,原产于四川省泸州市古蔺县古蔺镇枣林村椒子沟。为了更好地保护和利用珍稀的茶树种质资源,在椒子沟山区选取7个居群共76株典型的古蔺牛皮茶树,采用实地调查记录、生化成分及 ISSR 分子标记检测等方法,分析该种质资源的形态学特征、品质生化成分及遗传多态性。结果表明：(1)古蔺牛皮茶树型为灌木或小乔木；成熟叶片为绿色或深绿色,主要为中叶,叶形为椭圆或长椭圆；新梢芽叶玉白、黄绿、绿色或紫绿色。表明古蔺牛皮茶居群间表型特征多样化。(2)在7个居群中鉴定出高茶多酚(春梢>27%,夏梢>31%)和儿茶素(春梢>150 mg g–1,夏梢>190 mg g–1)的居群2个,游离氨基酸较高(>4.5%)的居群2个；7个居群的酚氨比值在3.84~16.95之间。表明古蔺牛皮茶在茶树育种和茶叶加工等方面具有较高的利用价值。(3)15条 ISSR 引物共扩增出135条谱带,其中122条为多态性条带,多态性位点百分比为90.4%。供试材料间的平均 Nei’s 基因多态性指数(H)和 Shannon’s 信息指数(I)分别为0.254和0.392,表明材料间的遗传多态性较低。
고린우피다시사천성특유적다수충질자원,원산우사천성로주시고린현고린진조림촌초자구。위료경호지보호화이용진희적다수충질자원,재초자구산구선취7개거군공76주전형적고린우피다수,채용실지조사기록、생화성분급 ISSR 분자표기검측등방법,분석해충질자원적형태학특정、품질생화성분급유전다태성。결과표명：(1)고린우피다수형위관목혹소교목；성숙협편위록색혹심록색,주요위중협,협형위타원혹장타원；신소아협옥백、황록、록색혹자록색。표명고린우피다거군간표형특정다양화。(2)재7개거군중감정출고다다분(춘소>27%,하소>31%)화인다소(춘소>150 mg g–1,하소>190 mg g–1)적거군2개,유리안기산교고(>4.5%)적거군2개；7개거군적분안비치재3.84~16.95지간。표명고린우피다재다수육충화다협가공등방면구유교고적이용개치。(3)15조 ISSR 인물공확증출135조보대,기중122조위다태성조대,다태성위점백분비위90.4%。공시재료간적평균 Nei’s 기인다태성지수(H)화 Shannon’s 신식지수(I)분별위0.254화0.392,표명재료간적유전다태성교저。
Gulin-niupicha (Camellia sinensis) is a tea landrace population specifically grown in Jiaozigou, Gulin County, Sichuan Province, China. To protect and utilize Gulin-niupicha resources effectively, we investigated the morphologic characteristics, bio-chemical components, and genetic diversity based on inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers by sampling 76 individuals from seven populations of Gulin-niupicha germplasm. The results showed that: (1) there were various biological characteristics among the seven populations. Importantly, a majority of Gulin-niupicha were shrubs or semi-arbor. Their mature leaves were me-dium in size, elliptic or oblong in shape, and in green or dark green color; while the young shoots showed more colors varying form whitish, yellow green, green or purple green. (2) In the seven populations, two had high contents of free amino acids (>4.5%) and two had both high contents of tea polyphenols (>27% in spring shoots and >31% in summer shoots) and catechins (>150 mg g–1 in spring shoots and >190 mg g–1 in summer shoots). The ratio of polyphenols-to-free amino acids ranged from 3.84 to 16.95 in the seven populations. The results of biochemical component measurements indicated that the Gulin-niupicha germplasm re-sources are of great value in tea tree breeding and tea processing. (3) A total of 135 fragments were amplified in the 76 accessions using 15 pairs of ISSR primers, in which 90.4% (122/135) were polymorphic bands. The genetic diversity of the Gulin-niupicha germplasm revealed by ISSR markers was low, with the Nei’s gene diversity index of 0.254 and Shannon’s information index of 0.392.