CAJ | 학술논문

咖啡碱是茶叶、咖啡等饮料的主要品质成分及功能成分之一。在植物体内咖啡碱生物合成的核心途径为：黄嘌呤核苷→7-甲基黄嘌呤核苷→7-甲基黄嘌呤→可可碱→咖啡碱，其中包括3步由 N-甲基转移酶催化的转甲基化反应和1步由核糖核苷水解酶催化的脱核苷反应。N-甲基转移酶是参与咖啡碱生物合成的关键酶类。介绍了植物中咖啡碱的基本情况及其生物合成途径，重点综述了咖啡碱合成 N-甲基转移酶的酶学特性、N M Ts 的克隆、基因结构与功能的关系以及基因表达调控研究等方面国内外的研究进展，并对未来该领域的研究重点进行了探讨和展望。
가배감시다협、가배등음료적주요품질성분급공능성분지일。재식물체내가배감생물합성적핵심도경위：황표령핵감→7-갑기황표령핵감→7-갑기황표령→가가감→가배감，기중포괄3보유 N-갑기전이매최화적전갑기화반응화1보유핵당핵감수해매최화적탈핵감반응。N-갑기전이매시삼여가배감생물합성적관건매류。개소료식물중가배감적기본정황급기생물합성도경，중점종술료가배감합성 N-갑기전이매적매학특성、N M Ts 적극륭、기인결구여공능적관계이급기인표체조공연구등방면국내외적연구진전，병대미래해영역적연구중점진행료탐토화전망。
Caffeine is one of the main quality and functional components in beverage such as tea, coffee, etc. At present, a xanthosine→7-methylxanthosine→7-methylxanthine→theobromine→caffeine pathway is supported as the major route to caffeine, and it is synthesized through three methylation reactions by N- methyltransferase and a nucleosidase reaction by nucleoside hydrolase. N- methyltransferases(NMTs) are important enzymes in caffeine synthesis process. In this paper, the profile of caffeine in plant and the pathway of caffeine synthesis were introduced, and the research progress on the enzymology properties, gene cloning and expression, the relationship of gene function and structure of NMTs involved in caffeine biosynthesis were mainly reviewed. Finally, the research emphasis in the field for the future was discussed and prospected.