中国全科医学
中國全科醫學
중국전과의학
CHINESE GENERAL PRACTICE
2014年
34期
4116-4119
,共4页
农民工%心理健康%影响因素%分层线性回归模型
農民工%心理健康%影響因素%分層線性迴歸模型
농민공%심리건강%영향인소%분층선성회귀모형
Migrant workers%Mental health%Influencing factors%HLM
目的：了解上海市外来务工人员的心理健康状况及影响因素。方法于2012年7—10月，采用分层整群随机抽样法，在普陀区长征、长宁区新泾、浦东新区三林、徐汇区漕河泾、杨浦区殷行、嘉定区黄渡、青浦区华新7个社区共抽取农民工841人。采用国际标准症状自评量表（ SCL-90）对农民工进行问卷调查评分，初步分析其心理状况与一般情况的相关性，再运用分层线性模型（ HLM），将个体层面的因素（吸烟、饮酒、睡眠情况）和外在环境的因素（居住区域、所属行业、单位规模）作为影响SCL-90结果的因素进行分层分析。结果是否酒精依赖、睡眠好与不好的农民工SCL-90得分间差异有统计学意义（ t值分别为3.307、1.418，P<0.05）。居住地所属区域的不同会对农民工的心理健康水平产生影响（G01，P=0.047），而自身行业（G02，P=0.352）及所在单位规模的大小（G03， P=0.068）不会对其产生影响。农民工所从事的行业对吸烟有影响（ P=0.008），居住区及单位规模大小对饮酒行为有影响（P值分别为0.041、0.023）。结论环境因素和个体的不良生活情况都会对农民工的心理状况产生影响，除了对农民工进行个人层面的心理辅导及健康宣教以改善其心理状况，另需注意其人口聚集特征和环境干预亦能够防止农民工养成不良生活习惯以影响心理健康。
目的：瞭解上海市外來務工人員的心理健康狀況及影響因素。方法于2012年7—10月，採用分層整群隨機抽樣法，在普陀區長徵、長寧區新涇、浦東新區三林、徐彙區漕河涇、楊浦區慇行、嘉定區黃渡、青浦區華新7箇社區共抽取農民工841人。採用國際標準癥狀自評量錶（ SCL-90）對農民工進行問捲調查評分，初步分析其心理狀況與一般情況的相關性，再運用分層線性模型（ HLM），將箇體層麵的因素（吸煙、飲酒、睡眠情況）和外在環境的因素（居住區域、所屬行業、單位規模）作為影響SCL-90結果的因素進行分層分析。結果是否酒精依賴、睡眠好與不好的農民工SCL-90得分間差異有統計學意義（ t值分彆為3.307、1.418，P<0.05）。居住地所屬區域的不同會對農民工的心理健康水平產生影響（G01，P=0.047），而自身行業（G02，P=0.352）及所在單位規模的大小（G03， P=0.068）不會對其產生影響。農民工所從事的行業對吸煙有影響（ P=0.008），居住區及單位規模大小對飲酒行為有影響（P值分彆為0.041、0.023）。結論環境因素和箇體的不良生活情況都會對農民工的心理狀況產生影響，除瞭對農民工進行箇人層麵的心理輔導及健康宣教以改善其心理狀況，另需註意其人口聚集特徵和環境榦預亦能夠防止農民工養成不良生活習慣以影響心理健康。
목적：료해상해시외래무공인원적심리건강상황급영향인소。방법우2012년7—10월，채용분층정군수궤추양법，재보타구장정、장저구신경、포동신구삼림、서회구조하경、양포구은행、가정구황도、청포구화신7개사구공추취농민공841인。채용국제표준증상자평량표（ SCL-90）대농민공진행문권조사평분，초보분석기심리상황여일반정황적상관성，재운용분층선성모형（ HLM），장개체층면적인소（흡연、음주、수면정황）화외재배경적인소（거주구역、소속행업、단위규모）작위영향SCL-90결과적인소진행분층분석。결과시부주정의뢰、수면호여불호적농민공SCL-90득분간차이유통계학의의（ t치분별위3.307、1.418，P<0.05）。거주지소속구역적불동회대농민공적심리건강수평산생영향（G01，P=0.047），이자신행업（G02，P=0.352）급소재단위규모적대소（G03， P=0.068）불회대기산생영향。농민공소종사적행업대흡연유영향（ P=0.008），거주구급단위규모대소대음주행위유영향（P치분별위0.041、0.023）。결론배경인소화개체적불량생활정황도회대농민공적심리상황산생영향，제료대농민공진행개인층면적심리보도급건강선교이개선기심리상황，령수주의기인구취집특정화배경간예역능구방지농민공양성불량생활습관이영향심리건강。
Objective To know the mental health of community migrant workers and explore the influencing fac-tors. Methods Between July and October,2012,841 migrant workers were recruited,by stratified cluster random sampling method,from 7 communities:Changzheng in Putuo district,Xinjing in Changning district,Sanlin in Pudong new district,Cao-hejing in Xuhui district,Yinhang in Yangpu district,Huangdu in Jiading district,Huaxin in Qingpu district. They were investi-gated by the SCL-90 questionnaire for preliminary analysis of the relevance of their mental status and general condition,then u-sing a hierarchical linear model( HLM),the individual-level factors( smoking,drinking,factors sleep case)and the exter-nal environment(districts,industry attributes,size of residential areas and rural)as factors influencing the SCL-90 results were made stratified analysis. Results The SCL-90 scores of the migrant workers who were dependent on alcohol or not and had good sleep or not were significantly different(t=3. 307,1. 418,P<0. 05). The differences in the districts where they lived had influence on migrant workers' mental health(G01,P=0. 047),and their profession(G02,P=0. 352)and the scale of the companies where they worked(G03,P=0. 068)were also influencing factors. The line of migrant workers were in had a sig-nificant effect(P=0. 008)on smoking behavior,residential areas and scale of their working place had a significant effect on al-cohol consumption(P=0. 041,0. 023). Conclusion Adverse environmental factors and individual bad living habits have an impact on the psychological status of migrant workers;in addition of the individual psychological counseling and health education to improve their psychological condition,attention should be paid to the population gathering features and environmental interven-tions to prevent migrant workers from developing bad habits to affect mental health.
