中国全科医学
中國全科醫學
중국전과의학
CHINESE GENERAL PRACTICE
2014年
35期
4234-4238
,共5页
发热,原因不明%病因%病灶
髮熱,原因不明%病因%病竈
발열,원인불명%병인%병조
Fever of unknown origin%Etiology%Lesion
目的:探讨不明原因发热( FUO)患者的常见病因和病灶分布,为临床进行经验性诊治提供帮助。方法选取2004年1月—2014年1月在首都医科大学附属复兴医院住院且符合FUO诊断标准的患者321例,回顾性分析患者的临床资料,总结患者病因、病灶分布。研究院内发生FUO(入院48 h后发生FUO)和院外获得性FUO(入院前或入院后48 h内发生 FUO)、老年(年龄≥65岁)和非老年(年龄<65岁) FUO患者的特点。结果321例FUO患者中250例(77.9%)确诊。在确诊的250例患者中,感染性疾病212例(84.8%),肿瘤性疾病17例(6.8%),自身免疫性疾病16例(6.4%),其他疾病5例(2.0%)。212例感染性疾病患者中,呼吸系统感染132例(62.3%),泌尿系感染21例(9.9%),血流感染15例(7.1%);病原菌分布:细菌感染172例(81.1%),共检出145株病原菌,其中革兰阴性杆菌91株(62.7%)。老年FUO患者178例,147例(82.6%)确诊。其中感染性疾病128例(87.1%),肿瘤性疾病10例(6.6%),自身免疫性疾病8例(5.3%),其他疾病1例(0.7%)。128例感染性疾病患者中,呼吸系统感染88例(68.7%),血流感染15例(11.7%),泌尿系感染6例(4.7%);病原菌分布:革兰阴性杆菌71株(62.8%),革兰阳性球菌42株(37.2%)。非老年FUO患者143例,103例(72.0%)确诊。其中感染性疾病84例(81.5%),肿瘤性疾病7例(6.8%),自身免疫性疾病8例(7.8%),其他疾病4例(3.9%)。84例感染性疾病患者中,呼吸系统感染44例(52.4%),泌尿系感染15例(17.9%),中枢神经系统感染5例(5.9%);病原菌分布:革兰阴性杆菌20株(62.6%),革兰阳性球菌6株(18.7%),不典型病原体6株(18.7%)。老年与非老年FUO患者病因构成比较,差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)。院内发生FUO患者38例,均为感染性疾病,其中呼吸系统感染20例(52.6%),血流感染5例(13.2%),中枢神经系统感染5例(13.2%);病原菌分布:细菌感染32例(84.2%),共检出82株病原菌,其中革兰阴性杆菌52株(63.4%)。院外获得性FUO患者283例,确诊患者212例(74.9%)。其中感染性疾病174例(82.1%),肿瘤性疾病17例(8.0%),自身免疫性疾病16例(7.5%),其他疾病5例(2.4%)。174例感染性疾病中呼吸系统感染112例(64.4%),泌尿系感染19例(10.9%),血流感染10例(5.7%);病原菌分布:细菌感染134例(77.0%),检出63株病原菌,其中革兰阴性杆菌39株(61.9%)。院内和院外获得性FUO患者病因构成比较,差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。院内与院外获得性FUO患者病原菌构成比较,差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)。结论感染性疾病仍是FUO主要病因,在感染性疾病中呼吸系统感染最为多见,其次是泌尿系感染和血流感染。感染性疾病的病原微生物以革兰阴性杆菌最多见。非老年FUO患者由血流感染引起的可能性较低。院内发生的FUO由非感染性疾病引起的可能性亦较低。
目的:探討不明原因髮熱( FUO)患者的常見病因和病竈分佈,為臨床進行經驗性診治提供幫助。方法選取2004年1月—2014年1月在首都醫科大學附屬複興醫院住院且符閤FUO診斷標準的患者321例,迴顧性分析患者的臨床資料,總結患者病因、病竈分佈。研究院內髮生FUO(入院48 h後髮生FUO)和院外穫得性FUO(入院前或入院後48 h內髮生 FUO)、老年(年齡≥65歲)和非老年(年齡<65歲) FUO患者的特點。結果321例FUO患者中250例(77.9%)確診。在確診的250例患者中,感染性疾病212例(84.8%),腫瘤性疾病17例(6.8%),自身免疫性疾病16例(6.4%),其他疾病5例(2.0%)。212例感染性疾病患者中,呼吸繫統感染132例(62.3%),泌尿繫感染21例(9.9%),血流感染15例(7.1%);病原菌分佈:細菌感染172例(81.1%),共檢齣145株病原菌,其中革蘭陰性桿菌91株(62.7%)。老年FUO患者178例,147例(82.6%)確診。其中感染性疾病128例(87.1%),腫瘤性疾病10例(6.6%),自身免疫性疾病8例(5.3%),其他疾病1例(0.7%)。128例感染性疾病患者中,呼吸繫統感染88例(68.7%),血流感染15例(11.7%),泌尿繫感染6例(4.7%);病原菌分佈:革蘭陰性桿菌71株(62.8%),革蘭暘性毬菌42株(37.2%)。非老年FUO患者143例,103例(72.0%)確診。其中感染性疾病84例(81.5%),腫瘤性疾病7例(6.8%),自身免疫性疾病8例(7.8%),其他疾病4例(3.9%)。84例感染性疾病患者中,呼吸繫統感染44例(52.4%),泌尿繫感染15例(17.9%),中樞神經繫統感染5例(5.9%);病原菌分佈:革蘭陰性桿菌20株(62.6%),革蘭暘性毬菌6株(18.7%),不典型病原體6株(18.7%)。老年與非老年FUO患者病因構成比較,差異無統計學意義( P>0.05)。院內髮生FUO患者38例,均為感染性疾病,其中呼吸繫統感染20例(52.6%),血流感染5例(13.2%),中樞神經繫統感染5例(13.2%);病原菌分佈:細菌感染32例(84.2%),共檢齣82株病原菌,其中革蘭陰性桿菌52株(63.4%)。院外穫得性FUO患者283例,確診患者212例(74.9%)。其中感染性疾病174例(82.1%),腫瘤性疾病17例(8.0%),自身免疫性疾病16例(7.5%),其他疾病5例(2.4%)。174例感染性疾病中呼吸繫統感染112例(64.4%),泌尿繫感染19例(10.9%),血流感染10例(5.7%);病原菌分佈:細菌感染134例(77.0%),檢齣63株病原菌,其中革蘭陰性桿菌39株(61.9%)。院內和院外穫得性FUO患者病因構成比較,差異有統計學意義( P<0.05)。院內與院外穫得性FUO患者病原菌構成比較,差異無統計學意義( P>0.05)。結論感染性疾病仍是FUO主要病因,在感染性疾病中呼吸繫統感染最為多見,其次是泌尿繫感染和血流感染。感染性疾病的病原微生物以革蘭陰性桿菌最多見。非老年FUO患者由血流感染引起的可能性較低。院內髮生的FUO由非感染性疾病引起的可能性亦較低。
목적:탐토불명원인발열( FUO)환자적상견병인화병조분포,위림상진행경험성진치제공방조。방법선취2004년1월—2014년1월재수도의과대학부속복흥의원주원차부합FUO진단표준적환자321례,회고성분석환자적림상자료,총결환자병인、병조분포。연구원내발생FUO(입원48 h후발생FUO)화원외획득성FUO(입원전혹입원후48 h내발생 FUO)、노년(년령≥65세)화비노년(년령<65세) FUO환자적특점。결과321례FUO환자중250례(77.9%)학진。재학진적250례환자중,감염성질병212례(84.8%),종류성질병17례(6.8%),자신면역성질병16례(6.4%),기타질병5례(2.0%)。212례감염성질병환자중,호흡계통감염132례(62.3%),비뇨계감염21례(9.9%),혈류감염15례(7.1%);병원균분포:세균감염172례(81.1%),공검출145주병원균,기중혁란음성간균91주(62.7%)。노년FUO환자178례,147례(82.6%)학진。기중감염성질병128례(87.1%),종류성질병10례(6.6%),자신면역성질병8례(5.3%),기타질병1례(0.7%)。128례감염성질병환자중,호흡계통감염88례(68.7%),혈류감염15례(11.7%),비뇨계감염6례(4.7%);병원균분포:혁란음성간균71주(62.8%),혁란양성구균42주(37.2%)。비노년FUO환자143례,103례(72.0%)학진。기중감염성질병84례(81.5%),종류성질병7례(6.8%),자신면역성질병8례(7.8%),기타질병4례(3.9%)。84례감염성질병환자중,호흡계통감염44례(52.4%),비뇨계감염15례(17.9%),중추신경계통감염5례(5.9%);병원균분포:혁란음성간균20주(62.6%),혁란양성구균6주(18.7%),불전형병원체6주(18.7%)。노년여비노년FUO환자병인구성비교,차이무통계학의의( P>0.05)。원내발생FUO환자38례,균위감염성질병,기중호흡계통감염20례(52.6%),혈류감염5례(13.2%),중추신경계통감염5례(13.2%);병원균분포:세균감염32례(84.2%),공검출82주병원균,기중혁란음성간균52주(63.4%)。원외획득성FUO환자283례,학진환자212례(74.9%)。기중감염성질병174례(82.1%),종류성질병17례(8.0%),자신면역성질병16례(7.5%),기타질병5례(2.4%)。174례감염성질병중호흡계통감염112례(64.4%),비뇨계감염19례(10.9%),혈류감염10례(5.7%);병원균분포:세균감염134례(77.0%),검출63주병원균,기중혁란음성간균39주(61.9%)。원내화원외획득성FUO환자병인구성비교,차이유통계학의의( P<0.05)。원내여원외획득성FUO환자병원균구성비교,차이무통계학의의( P>0.05)。결론감염성질병잉시FUO주요병인,재감염성질병중호흡계통감염최위다견,기차시비뇨계감염화혈류감염。감염성질병적병원미생물이혁란음성간균최다견。비노년FUO환자유혈류감염인기적가능성교저。원내발생적FUO유비감염성질병인기적가능성역교저。
Objective To explore possible common causes of fever of unknown origin( FUO) and the distribution of lesions,in order to help its empirical clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods Based on the retrospective analysis of 321 FUO patients' clinical data in Fuxing Affiliated Hospital of Capital Medical University from January 2004 to January 2014,this study summarized the etiology as well as lesion distribution and conducted a comparative analyzing study about characteristics of the elderly(≥65)and non-elderly( <65)FUO as well as nosocomial FUO(occurrence of FUO 48 h after admission)and communities FUO( occurrence of UFO before or 48 h within admission). Results 250 of 321 cases of patients with FUO were eventually diagnosed(diagnosis rate of 77. 9%),including:212 infectious cases(84. 8%),17 neoplastic cases(6. 8%), 16 autoimmune cases(6. 4%) and 5 cases of other diseases(2. 0%);the infection species of the 212 cases were:respiratory tract infections of 132(62. 3%),urinary tract infections of 21(9. 9%)and blood stream infections of 15(7. 1%)and the distribution of pathogens were:bacterial infection of 172(81. 1%)and a total of 145 pathogenic strains were isolated including 91 strains of gram-negative bacilli(62. 7%). There were 178 elderly FUO cases,147(82. 6%)cases being diagnosed in-cluding:128(87. 1%)infectious cases,10(6. 6%)neoplastic cases,8(5. 3%)autoimmune cases and 1(0. 7%)case of other diseases;the infection species of the 128 cases were:respiratory tract infections of 88(68. 7%),urinary tract infec-tions of 6(4. 7%)and blood stream infections 15(11. 7%)and there were 71(62. 8%)strains of gram-negative bacilli, 42(37. 2%)strains of gram-negative bacilli. 143 cases of FUO were not elderly people and 103(72. 0%)cases were diag-nosed:84(81. 5%)infectious cases,7(6. 8%)neoplastic cases,8(7. 8%)autoimmune cases and 4(3. 9%)cases of other diseases;the infection species of the 84 cases were:respiratory tract infections of 44(52. 4%),urinary tract infections of 15(17. 9%)and central nervous system infections of 5 cases(5. 9%);the distribution of pathogens were:29(62. 6%) strains of gram-negative bacilli,6(18. 7%)strains of gram-negative bacilli and 6(18. 7%)strains of non-typical ones. The differences in the proportion of diseases between elderly FUO patients and non-elderly FUO patients were not significant( P>0. 05). There were 38 in-hospital FUO cases and the infectious diseases accounted for 100. 0%:20(52. 6%)cases of re-spiratory tract infections,5(13. 2%)cases of bloodstream,5(13. 2%)cases of central nervous system infections;the dis-tribution of pathogens:32 ( 84. 2%) cases were bacterial infections and 82 strains of pathogens were detected including 52 (63. 4%)strains of gram-negative bacilli. There were 283 acquired FUO patients from outside,among which 212(74. 9%) had a definite diagnosis including 174 ( 82. 1%) cases of infectious diseases,17 ( 8. 0%) cases of neoplastic cases,16 (7. 5%)cases of autoimmune cases and 5(2. 4%)cases of other diseases;the infection species of the 174 infectious diseases were:112(64. 4%)cases of respiratory tract infections,19(10. 9%)cases of urinary tract infections,10(5. 7%)cases of bloodstream infections;the distribution of pathogens:134(77. 0%)cases were bacterial infections and 63 strains of patho-gens were detected including 39(61. 9%)strains of gram-negative bacilli. The differences in the proportion of diseases be-tween the FUO patients infected inside and outside hospitals were statistical significant(P<0. 05). The differences in the pro-portion of bacterial between the two were not significant(P>0. 05). Conclusion Infection is a major cause of FUO which is mainly manifested as respiratory system infection,followed by urinary tract infection and blood stream infections. Gram-nega-tive bacilli is the most common of pathogens of infectious diseases. Non-elderly FUO patients have lower incidence of blood-stream infection. It is unlikely that nosocomial FUO infectious disease is caused by non-infectious disease.