国际医药卫生导报
國際醫藥衛生導報
국제의약위생도보
INTERNATIONAL MEDICINE & HEALTH GUIDANCE NEWS
2013年
21期
3249-3254
,共6页
黎奕斌%张杰辉%郭贝芬%刘嘉贤%梁嘉儿%唐焕文%张贺
黎奕斌%張傑輝%郭貝芬%劉嘉賢%樑嘉兒%唐煥文%張賀
려혁빈%장걸휘%곽패분%류가현%량가인%당환문%장하
东江%水质检测%原因分析
東江%水質檢測%原因分析
동강%수질검측%원인분석
Dongjiang River%Water quality test%Reason analysis
目的 为了解东江东莞段水质污染情况并进行原因分析.方法 本课题在东江东莞段及南北干流段共设置了7个采样断面,对比《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002),从感官性状(透明度、色度、水温、pH值)、化学指标(溶解氧、高锰酸盐指数、生化需氧量、三氮、铬、镉、铅等15种金属离子)、细菌学指标三个方面,共26项,对东江东莞段的水质进行检测分析.结果 水质呈中性,水温变化明显,水色度从上游到下游由清澈透明逐渐变为浑浊；丰水期:溶解氧0.04 ～ 2.26 mg/L,化学需氧量1.49～2.83 mg/L,生化需氧量4.50 ～ 22.00 mg/L,氨氮2.40～29.84 mg/L,硝酸盐氮8.43 ～ 2346mg/L,亚硝酸盐氮0.008～0.449mg/L,六价铬0500～12.714 mg/L;枯水期:溶解氧0.62～2.30mg/L,化学需氧量3.75 ～ 4.86 mg/L,生化需氧量4.40～ 19.00mg/L,氨氮3.98 ～ 27.99 mg1/L,硝酸盐氮0.57～0.99 mg/L,亚硝酸盐氮42.70～83.28 mg/L,六价铬0.336 ～ 8.609 mg/L;7个监测点的14种金属离子(镉、铅、砷、汞、锰、镍、钾、钠、钙、镁、铁、硒、锌、铜)在丰水期和枯水期均未发现有超标现象；总体显示上游属于Ⅰ～Ⅲ类水标准,下游为Ⅳ ～Ⅴ类水标准,出海口水质污染尤为严重.结论 东江东莞段水质主要受有机物污染,重金属污染比较少,需加强对生活污水、工业废水排放的监督以及环境的保护.
目的 為瞭解東江東莞段水質汙染情況併進行原因分析.方法 本課題在東江東莞段及南北榦流段共設置瞭7箇採樣斷麵,對比《地錶水環境質量標準》(GB3838-2002),從感官性狀(透明度、色度、水溫、pH值)、化學指標(溶解氧、高錳痠鹽指數、生化需氧量、三氮、鉻、鎘、鉛等15種金屬離子)、細菌學指標三箇方麵,共26項,對東江東莞段的水質進行檢測分析.結果 水質呈中性,水溫變化明顯,水色度從上遊到下遊由清澈透明逐漸變為渾濁；豐水期:溶解氧0.04 ～ 2.26 mg/L,化學需氧量1.49～2.83 mg/L,生化需氧量4.50 ～ 22.00 mg/L,氨氮2.40～29.84 mg/L,硝痠鹽氮8.43 ～ 2346mg/L,亞硝痠鹽氮0.008～0.449mg/L,六價鉻0500～12.714 mg/L;枯水期:溶解氧0.62～2.30mg/L,化學需氧量3.75 ～ 4.86 mg/L,生化需氧量4.40～ 19.00mg/L,氨氮3.98 ～ 27.99 mg1/L,硝痠鹽氮0.57～0.99 mg/L,亞硝痠鹽氮42.70～83.28 mg/L,六價鉻0.336 ～ 8.609 mg/L;7箇鑑測點的14種金屬離子(鎘、鉛、砷、汞、錳、鎳、鉀、鈉、鈣、鎂、鐵、硒、鋅、銅)在豐水期和枯水期均未髮現有超標現象；總體顯示上遊屬于Ⅰ～Ⅲ類水標準,下遊為Ⅳ ～Ⅴ類水標準,齣海口水質汙染尤為嚴重.結論 東江東莞段水質主要受有機物汙染,重金屬汙染比較少,需加彊對生活汙水、工業廢水排放的鑑督以及環境的保護.
목적 위료해동강동완단수질오염정황병진행원인분석.방법 본과제재동강동완단급남북간류단공설치료7개채양단면,대비《지표수배경질량표준》(GB3838-2002),종감관성상(투명도、색도、수온、pH치)、화학지표(용해양、고맹산염지수、생화수양량、삼담、락、력、연등15충금속리자)、세균학지표삼개방면,공26항,대동강동완단적수질진행검측분석.결과 수질정중성,수온변화명현,수색도종상유도하유유청철투명축점변위혼탁；봉수기:용해양0.04 ～ 2.26 mg/L,화학수양량1.49～2.83 mg/L,생화수양량4.50 ～ 22.00 mg/L,안담2.40～29.84 mg/L,초산염담8.43 ～ 2346mg/L,아초산염담0.008～0.449mg/L,륙개락0500～12.714 mg/L;고수기:용해양0.62～2.30mg/L,화학수양량3.75 ～ 4.86 mg/L,생화수양량4.40～ 19.00mg/L,안담3.98 ～ 27.99 mg1/L,초산염담0.57～0.99 mg/L,아초산염담42.70～83.28 mg/L,륙개락0.336 ～ 8.609 mg/L;7개감측점적14충금속리자(력、연、신、홍、맹、얼、갑、납、개、미、철、서、자、동)재봉수기화고수기균미발현유초표현상；총체현시상유속우Ⅰ～Ⅲ류수표준,하유위Ⅳ ～Ⅴ류수표준,출해구수질오염우위엄중.결론 동강동완단수질주요수유궤물오염,중금속오염비교소,수가강대생활오수、공업폐수배방적감독이급배경적보호.
Objective To have a knowledge of water pollution situation and reasons in Dongguan section of Dongjiang River.Methods 7 sampling sections were set up in Dongguan section and the northsouth main stream of Dongjiang River.Detected and analyzed water quality in Dongguan section from 3 aspects according to The Surface Water Environment Quality Standard (GB3838-2002),including organoleptic parameters (transparency,chroma,water temperature,pH),chemical indexes (dissolved oxygen,potassium permanganate index,BOD,3-nitrogen,chromium,cadmium,lead and other 8 kinds of metal ions) and bacteriological indexes,covering a total of 26 items.Results The water quaility was neutral,the change of water temperature was obvious,and the chroma in water aggravated gradually from upstream to downstream.In the wet season,the level of dissolved oxygen was 0.04-2.26 mg/L,COD 1.49-2.83 mg/L,BOD 4.50-22.00 mg/L,ammonia nitrogen 2.40-29.84 mg/L,nitrate nitrogen 8.43-23.46 mg/L,nitrite nitrogen 0.008-0.449 mg/L,hexavalent chromium 0.500-12.714 mg/L.In the dry season,the level of dissolved oxygen was 0.62-2.30 mg/L,COD 3.75-4.86 mg/L,BOD 4.40-19.00 mg/L,ammonia nitrogen 3.98-27.99 mg/L,nitrate nitrogen 0.57-0.99 mg/L,nitrite nitrogen 42.70-83.28 mg/L,hexavalent chromium 0.336-8.609 mg/L.14 kinds of metal ions detected at 7 monitoring sites didn' t exceed standards in wet season or dry season,including cadmium,lead,arsenic,mercury,manganese,nickel,potassium,sodium,calcium,magnesium,iron,selenium,zinc and copper.The results overall showed that the upstream water quality standard went to level Ⅱ-Ⅲ,while the downstream' s went to level Ⅳ-Ⅴ,and water of the marine outfall was severely polluted.Conclusions The water in Dongguan section of Dongjiang River is mainly polluted by organics,by heavy metals at a slight degree.It is necessary to strengthen the supervision of domestic sewage,industrial wastewater emissions and protect the environment.
