国际医药卫生导报
國際醫藥衛生導報
국제의약위생도보
INTERNATIONAL MEDICINE & HEALTH GUIDANCE NEWS
2014年
15期
2222-2225
,共4页
杜正新%罗少霞%何凯立%谭青云
杜正新%囉少霞%何凱立%譚青雲
두정신%라소하%하개립%담청운
肺结核%密切接触者%影响因素
肺結覈%密切接觸者%影響因素
폐결핵%밀절접촉자%영향인소
Pulmonary tuberculosis%Close contacts of tuberculosis%Risk factors
目的 探讨肺结核密切接触者患病的相关危险因素,为高危人群的结核病防治提供科学依据.方法 对越秀区2011年至2013年涂阳肺结核患者及其密切接触者登记随访的资料中选取符合条件的密切接触者发病患者289例为病例组,未发病者595例为对照组;分析影响其发病的相关因素.结果 单因素logistic回归分析显示卡介苗接种史、住房通风情况、室内卫生情况、食用肉蛋类、吸烟、慢性支气管炎病史、糖尿病史、每天工作时间及工作环境情况等因素与密切接触者肺结核发病相关.多因素logistic回归模型筛选后的结果表明,吸烟、有慢性支气管炎病史、糖尿病史及每天工作时间≥12小时是密切接触者患病的危险因素;有卡介苗接种史、良好的住房通风环境、经常食用肉蛋类食物及露天开放的工作环境是密切接触者发病的独立保护因素.结论 密切接触者肺结核的发病与其个人体质、生活及工作环境密切相关;加强个体戒烟的宣教行为,改善住房和公共场所等环境通风、卫生情况,有利于肺结核的预防与控制.
目的 探討肺結覈密切接觸者患病的相關危險因素,為高危人群的結覈病防治提供科學依據.方法 對越秀區2011年至2013年塗暘肺結覈患者及其密切接觸者登記隨訪的資料中選取符閤條件的密切接觸者髮病患者289例為病例組,未髮病者595例為對照組;分析影響其髮病的相關因素.結果 單因素logistic迴歸分析顯示卡介苗接種史、住房通風情況、室內衛生情況、食用肉蛋類、吸煙、慢性支氣管炎病史、糖尿病史、每天工作時間及工作環境情況等因素與密切接觸者肺結覈髮病相關.多因素logistic迴歸模型篩選後的結果錶明,吸煙、有慢性支氣管炎病史、糖尿病史及每天工作時間≥12小時是密切接觸者患病的危險因素;有卡介苗接種史、良好的住房通風環境、經常食用肉蛋類食物及露天開放的工作環境是密切接觸者髮病的獨立保護因素.結論 密切接觸者肺結覈的髮病與其箇人體質、生活及工作環境密切相關;加彊箇體戒煙的宣教行為,改善住房和公共場所等環境通風、衛生情況,有利于肺結覈的預防與控製.
목적 탐토폐결핵밀절접촉자환병적상관위험인소,위고위인군적결핵병방치제공과학의거.방법 대월수구2011년지2013년도양폐결핵환자급기밀절접촉자등기수방적자료중선취부합조건적밀절접촉자발병환자289례위병례조,미발병자595례위대조조;분석영향기발병적상관인소.결과 단인소logistic회귀분석현시잡개묘접충사、주방통풍정황、실내위생정황、식용육단류、흡연、만성지기관염병사、당뇨병사、매천공작시간급공작배경정황등인소여밀절접촉자폐결핵발병상관.다인소logistic회귀모형사선후적결과표명,흡연、유만성지기관염병사、당뇨병사급매천공작시간≥12소시시밀절접촉자환병적위험인소;유잡개묘접충사、량호적주방통풍배경、경상식용육단류식물급로천개방적공작배경시밀절접촉자발병적독립보호인소.결론 밀절접촉자폐결핵적발병여기개인체질、생활급공작배경밀절상관;가강개체계연적선교행위,개선주방화공공장소등배경통풍、위생정황,유리우폐결핵적예방여공제.
Objective To investigate the risk factors of tuberculosis close contact and provide scientific clues for tuberculosis prevention.Methods 289 tuberculosis patients as cases and 595 disease-free as controls,were selected according to registered data and follow-up system of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients and their close contacts in our hospital from 2011 to 2013.Results Univariate analysis demonstrated that factors such as history of Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccination,housing ventilation,interior hygiene,meat and eggs consumption,smoke,history of chronic bronchitis or diabetes,working hours per day,and the work environment conditions had significant association with pulmonary tuberculosis.Furthermore,multivariate logistic analysis showed that smoke,history of chronic bronchitis or diabetes and working hours ≥ 12 per day offered an adverse role on tuberculosis risk,while history of BCG vaccination,favorable housing ventilation or work environment,and meat and eggs consumption (＞4 times/week) contributed an protective effect on tuberculosis.Conclusion Tuberculosis incidence of close contacts were closely related to their personal health quality,and their living and working environment.Individual giving-up smoking education should be strengthened,and improving environmental ventilation and health in housing and public places could be effective for pulmonary tuberculosis prevention and control.
