CAJ | 학술논문

该文对人类疟疾传播的认识发展作了历史回顾,从过去的"瘴气"、按蚊即媒介以及现今专门的按蚊媒介判定,经历了100多年.对我国1926-1958年间的疟疾媒介概念、媒介蚊种记录及其错误等作了评述.辨别传疟媒介是疟疾防制中的重要研究课题,阻断传播才会是有效的控制措施,正确认定不同疟区的媒介,可以获得清晰的蚊媒靶标.目前,媒介判定中使用的技术如蚊种鉴定、蚊虫血源鉴定以及子孢子自然感染率等,鉴定检测的结果不稳定、效率低,必须研究选用优质、高效的新型技术来取代,为媒介判定提供稳定、可靠的基础资料.鉴定重要疟疾媒介复合体蚊种是一个困难的问题,分子检测方法如聚合酶链反应(PCR)可用于重要蚊种样本鉴定校正和标准化.从发展当前疟疾防制角度,对媒介判定中需要的新检测技术提出了建议.
해문대인류학질전파적인식발전작료역사회고,종과거적"장기"、안문즉매개이급현금전문적안문매개판정,경력료100다년.대아국1926-1958년간적학질매개개념、매개문충기록급기착오등작료평술.변별전학매개시학질방제중적중요연구과제,조단전파재회시유효적공제조시,정학인정불동학구적매개,가이획득청석적문매파표.목전,매개판정중사용적기술여문충감정、문충혈원감정이급자포자자연감염솔등,감정검측적결과불은정、효솔저,필수연구선용우질、고효적신형기술래취대,위매개판정제공은정、가고적기출자료.감정중요학질매개복합체문충시일개곤난적문제,분자검측방법여취합매련반응(PCR)가용우중요문충양본감정교정화표준화.종발전당전학질방제각도,대매개판정중수요적신검측기술제출료건의.
This paper presented a historical review for development of the conceptions of human malaria transmission,from "bad air" or so-called "changchi" in China,anopheline mosquitoes equaled the meaning vectors and then to the special anopheline vectors,determination through the past one hundred years.The ideas of malaria vector,the vector species and mistakes record in China during the years of 1926-1958 were discussed briefly.The discrimination of malaria vectors is an important research programme for malaria control,only if the vectors be confirmed rightly in different local malaria endemic area,the clear mosquito vector target could be determined,and stopping transmission could be an efficient control activity.Now,the old routine detection techniques were still in use for vector determination such as identification of mosquito species,the source of the mosquito blood meals,and natural sporozoite rate.However,the results suggested that those methods are unstable and of low efficiency,therefore the new qualified efficient techniques must be developed to provide the stable and reliable data for analysis.The species identification of important malaria vectors relating to mosquito complex is a troublesome problem.The molecular detection methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be used for correction and standardization of the results of mosquito species identification among the important samples.As the view focused on the development of the malaria control,some new detection techniques in vector determination were proposed for use.