CAJ | 학술논문

目的掌握血吸虫病潜在流行区血吸虫病潜在流行因素,为建立血吸虫病监测预警系统以应对突发疫情提供科学依据. 方法 2011年,在安徽、江苏、重庆、湖北和山东等5省(市)11个县(市、区)选择血吸虫病潜在流行区设立固定监测点和流动监测点,采用血清学、病原学方法调查流动人口及家畜的血吸虫感染情况；在危险地带及可疑环境开展钉螺孳生分布调查,并在通江河道开展钉螺扩散调查.结果湖北、安徽、江苏和重庆开展了流动人群监测,间接血凝试验(indirect hemagglutination assay,IHA)筛查5 600人,血检阳性率为1.39％(78/5 600)；抗体阳性者全部进行了粪检,2例检测到血吸虫虫卵,粪检阳性率为2.56％(2/78),均来自于安徽省巢湖地区.固定监测点调查面积480.01 ha(1 ha=10 000 m2),其中,在江苏省金湖县施尖滩和高邮市新民滩(原血吸虫病流行区)发现有螺环境2处,钉螺面积分别为29 940m2和12 000 m2,两地共捕获活螺125只,解剖均为阴性；其它监测点均未发现钉螺.钉螺流动监测调查了45个环境,共234.27 ha,查螺8 530框,未发现钉螺.钉螺扩散监测共调查水上漂浮物9 018.4 kg,查获814个其它螺,但未发现钉螺.稻草帘诱螺法诱获其它水生螺8 047只,亦未发现钉螺. 结论潜在流行区的人群中发现输入性血吸虫病患者.某些水利工程经过的血吸虫病历史流行区目前仍存有一定钉螺,存在钉螺扩散至潜在流行区的危险性；应长期和有效地监测血吸虫病潜在的传播因素.
목적 장악혈흡충병잠재류행구혈흡충병잠재류행인소,위건립혈흡충병감측예경계통이응대돌발역정제공과학의거. 방법 2011년,재안휘、강소、중경、호북화산동등5성(시)11개현(시、구)선택혈흡충병잠재류행구설립고정감측점화류동감측점,채용혈청학、병원학방법조사류동인구급가축적혈흡충감염정황；재위험지대급가의배경개전정라자생분포조사,병재통강하도개전정라확산조사.결과 호북、안휘、강소화중경개전료류동인군감측,간접혈응시험(indirect hemagglutination assay,IHA)사사5 600인,혈검양성솔위1.39％(78/5 600)；항체양성자전부진행료분검,2례검측도혈흡충충란,분검양성솔위2.56％(2/78),균래자우안휘성소호지구.고정감측점조사면적480.01 ha(1 ha=10 000 m2),기중,재강소성금호현시첨탄화고유시신민탄(원혈흡충병류행구)발현유라배경2처,정라면적분별위29 940m2화12 000 m2,량지공포획활라125지,해부균위음성；기타감측점균미발현정라.정라류동감측조사료45개배경,공234.27 ha,사라8 530광,미발현정라.정라확산감측공조사수상표부물9 018.4 kg,사획814개기타라,단미발현정라.도초렴유라법유획기타수생라8 047지,역미발현정라. 결론 잠재류행구적인군중발현수입성혈흡충병환자.모사수리공정경과적혈흡충병역사류행구목전잉존유일정정라,존재정라확산지잠재류행구적위험성；응장기화유효지감측혈흡충병잠재적전파인소.
Objective To explore the potential risk factors of schistosomiasis transmission in potential endemic areas so as to provide scientific basis for setting up the prediction and surveillance systems to respond the emergence of schistosomiasis.Methods In 2011,fixed and floating surveillance sites in potential endemic areas of 11 counties in Anhui,Jiangsu,Chongqing,Hubei and Shandong were selected.Immunological assays and/or stool examinations were carried out to investigate the infection situation of floating population and livestock.The distribution of Oncomelania snails was investigated in risk areas and suspicious areas,and spreading patterns of snails were observed in the rivers that directly connected with the river.Results In Anhui,Jiangsu,Chongqing and Hubei,a total of 5 600 of floating population were screened by indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA),and the positive rate of antibody was 1.39％(78/5 600).All antibody positives were examined by stool tests and there were two positives and the positive rate was 2.56％(2/78).The two patients came from the Chaohu Lake area.There were 480.01 ha (1 ha=10 000 m2) investigated for Oncomelania snail detection at the fixed surveillance sites.Only at the Jinhu County Shijian sands and Gaoyou County Xinmin sands,the Oncomelania snails were found,the areas were 29 940 m2 and 12 000 m2 separately.The 125 Oncomelania snails were captured and dissected,but no one was positive.There were 45 circumstances,about 234.27 ha investigated for Oncomelania snail and 8 530 frames surveyed at the floating surveillance sites,with no Oncomelania snails found.A total of 9 018.4 kg flotage were refloated and 814 other snails found but no Oncomelania snails found.The rice straw curtains attracted 8 047 aquatic snails,with no Oncomelania found.Conclusions The imported patients of schistosomiasis had been found among the population in potential endemic areas.At present,Oncomelania snails exist in the historic epidemic areas passed by water conservancy projects,and it is the potential risk of imported Oncomelania snails spreading to the potential endemic areas.Therefore,the surveillance of the potential risk factors of schistosomiasis transmission must be effectively reinforced over a long-term.