CAJ | 학술논문

酸性钙体是近年发现的一种富含磷酸盐的致密颗粒性的酸性细胞器,主要以焦磷酸盐(pyrophosphate,PPi)、多磷酸(polyphosphate,polyP)为代表,另外还含有钙和其他阳离子.其膜上含有多种泵(钙泵、ATP酶质子泵、焦磷酸酶质子泵)、转运体(钠离子/氢离子、钙离子/氢离子)及通道(通道蛋白),基质中含有与PPi和polyP代谢有关的酶.酸性钙体已在包括细菌、寄生虫、人类细胞等多种生物中被发现,其主要功能包括:(1)是阳离子和磷酸盐的储存场所,(2)参与焦磷酸盐和多聚磷酸盐代谢机制,(3)维持细胞内钙和pH的稳态,(4)参与渗透压的调节等.该文对近年来有关酸性钙体的研究进展进行综述和讨论.
산성개체시근년발현적일충부함린산염적치밀과립성적산성세포기,주요이초린산염(pyrophosphate,PPi)、다린산(polyphosphate,polyP)위대표,령외환함유개화기타양리자.기막상함유다충빙(개빙、ATP매질자빙、초린산매질자빙)、전운체(납리자/경리자、개리자/경리자)급통도(통도단백),기질중함유여PPi화polyP대사유관적매.산성개체이재포괄세균、기생충、인류세포등다충생물중피발현,기주요공능포괄:(1)시양리자화린산염적저존장소,(2)삼여초린산염화다취린산염대사궤제,(3)유지세포내개화pH적은태,(4)삼여삼투압적조절등.해문대근년래유관산성개체적연구진전진행종술화토론.
Acidocalcisomes are electron-dense acidic organelles containing a high concentration of phosphorus presenting as pyrophosphate (PPi),polyphosphate(polyP),also containing calcium and other cation.The membrane contains a variety of pumps (Ca2+-ATPase,V-H+-ATPase and V-H+-PPase),transporters (Na+/H+ exchangers,and Ca2+/H+ exchangers)and channel (a water channel or aquaporin).There are some enzymes related to PPi and polyP metabolism in the matrix.Acidocalcisomes have been observed in bacteria,parasites and human cells.Their main features include:(1)cation and phosphate storage,(2)participating in pyrophosphate and potyphosphate metabolic mechanism,(3)maintaining intracellular calcium and pH steady,(4)participating in osmotic regulation,etc..This article provides a timely review and a further discussion on the research development of acidocalcisomes.