CAJ | 학술논문

随着人类基因组计划的逐步完成,对基因功能的研究逐渐成了新的研究热点.蛋白质是基因功能的主要体现者和执行者,其表达模式和功能的研究成为后基因组时代研究的重要内容.蛋白质组学的兴起,以及人们对蛋白质结构和功能等性质的研究,可以阐述生命活动在生理或病理条件下的变化机制,进一步有利于研究人类疾病的发病机制.同时,蛋白质性质的研究技术也在不断改进和发展中,如双向电泳技术、质谱技术、酵母双杂交技术以及用于蛋白质结构和序列分析的生物信息学技术等都已经广泛应用于人类疾病研究,为疾病的早期诊断、预防与治疗等提供新的理论依据.目前,在确定诊断疾病相关的标记分子或标志物,深入病原微生物蛋白对宿主细胞的作用、人类蛋白质与疾病发病机制的研究以及引导新药开发、药靶发现和药物毒理学作用、药物耐药性研究等方面都取得了一定进展.该文主要对蛋白质性质研究的常用技术、在各种疾病中的应用以及当前存在的问题作简要综述.
수착인류기인조계화적축보완성,대기인공능적연구축점성료신적연구열점.단백질시기인공능적주요체현자화집행자,기표체모식화공능적연구성위후기인조시대연구적중요내용.단백질조학적흥기,이급인문대단백질결구화공능등성질적연구,가이천술생명활동재생리혹병리조건하적변화궤제,진일보유리우연구인류질병적발병궤제.동시,단백질성질적연구기술야재불단개진화발전중,여쌍향전영기술、질보기술、효모쌍잡교기술이급용우단백질결구화서렬분석적생물신식학기술등도이경엄범응용우인류질병연구,위질병적조기진단、예방여치료등제공신적이론의거.목전,재학정진단질병상관적표기분자혹표지물,심입병원미생물단백대숙주세포적작용、인류단백질여질병발병궤제적연구이급인도신약개발、약파발현화약물독이학작용、약물내약성연구등방면도취득료일정진전.해문주요대단백질성질연구적상용기술、재각충질병중적응용이급당전존재적문제작간요종술.
With the gradual completion of the Human Genome Project,the study of gene functions has become a new hotspot in scientific field.Function of Genes is mainly reflected and enforced by proteins.The expression pattern and function of proteins have become an important aspect of the post-genomic era.With the rising of proteomics and the study of protein structure and function,life activities of human,and their changes in response to physiological or pathological conditions can be explained,and further facilitate the understanding of the pathogenesis of human disease.At the same time,many protein technologies have been developed and improved,including two-dimensional electrophoresis,mass spectrometry,yeast two-hybrid technology,as well as bio-informatics technologies for protein structure and sequence analysis.Those technologies have been widely used in the study and clinical practice of human disease,such as early diagnosis,precaution,treatment and so on.At present,those technologies have made some progresses in the field of determining the disease-related diagnosis marker molecules or markers,analyzing the effect of pathogenic micro-organisms protein to host cells,analyzing the relationship of human protein and disease pathogenesis,and guiding the development of new drugs,drug target discovery,drug toxicological effects,drug resistance research and so on.In this paper,the technologies that have been commonly used for nature analysis of protein,their application in a variety of diseases,and some current existing problems of those technologies,will be overviewed briefly.