中华实用儿科临床杂志
中華實用兒科臨床雜誌
중화실용인과림상잡지
Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
2014年
16期
1227-1231
,共5页
张亚京%王鑫%宁丽华%马春燕%任少敏%张爱平%贾春梅%姚丽萍%王冬梅
張亞京%王鑫%寧麗華%馬春燕%任少敏%張愛平%賈春梅%姚麗萍%王鼕梅
장아경%왕흠%저려화%마춘연%임소민%장애평%가춘매%요려평%왕동매
流行病学调查%支气管哮喘%包头%儿童
流行病學調查%支氣管哮喘%包頭%兒童
류행병학조사%지기관효천%포두%인동
Epidemiological investigation%Asthma%Baotou city%Child
目的 了解内蒙古包头市儿童支气管哮喘(哮喘)患病情况、变化趋势、影响因素及对儿童、家庭和社会的影响.方法 采用整群抽样的方法,按照全国儿童哮喘协作组制定的全国统一调查方案进行调查.结果 1.共调查0～14岁儿童11 398例,实查11 323例,应答率为99.34％.检出哮喘121例,总患病率为1.07％(121/11 323例,95％CI:0.88 ～ 1.26),咳嗽变异性哮喘6例,患病率为0.05％(6/11 323例,95％ CI:0.01 ～0.09),可疑哮喘24例,患病率为0.21％(24/11 323例,95％CI:0.13 ～0.29).2009年至2010年现患病例96例,2年现患率为0.85％(96/11 323例,95％CI:0.68 ～ 1.02).1990年、2000年和2010年包头市儿童哮喘患病率分别为0.55％、0.88％和1.07％,每10年增加分别为60.0％ 、21.6％,20年内增长了1.7 ～2.0倍.2.0 ～3岁患病率较低,4～10岁患病率最高,10岁以上逐渐降低.3.发病诱因主要为上呼吸道感染78.5％(95/121例).4.首次发作年龄在3岁内39.7％,3岁后首次发作年龄与首次诊断年龄较一致.5.影响儿童哮喘发生的危险因素为家族过敏史、变应性鼻炎、慢性咳嗽、反复呼吸道感染.6.应用全身糖皮质激素由2000年的60.2％减少到2010年的27.2％,吸入糖皮质激素由2000年的13.6％上升至2010年的85.1％.7.本调查哮喘儿童无一例因病留级或停学,81.9％(86/105例)的哮喘儿童体育活动基本不受影响;家庭成员因孩子患病就医,无缺勤累计＞60 d/年或常年缺勤者;因哮喘就医对影响家庭经济小能承受者仅占2.5％(3/121例).结论 包头市儿童哮喘患病率呈明显上升趋势,发病诱因主要为上呼吸道感染.影响儿童哮喘发生的主要危险因素为慢性咳嗽、反复呼吸道感染、家族过敏史和变应性鼻炎.
目的 瞭解內矇古包頭市兒童支氣管哮喘(哮喘)患病情況、變化趨勢、影響因素及對兒童、傢庭和社會的影響.方法 採用整群抽樣的方法,按照全國兒童哮喘協作組製定的全國統一調查方案進行調查.結果 1.共調查0～14歲兒童11 398例,實查11 323例,應答率為99.34％.檢齣哮喘121例,總患病率為1.07％(121/11 323例,95％CI:0.88 ～ 1.26),咳嗽變異性哮喘6例,患病率為0.05％(6/11 323例,95％ CI:0.01 ～0.09),可疑哮喘24例,患病率為0.21％(24/11 323例,95％CI:0.13 ～0.29).2009年至2010年現患病例96例,2年現患率為0.85％(96/11 323例,95％CI:0.68 ～ 1.02).1990年、2000年和2010年包頭市兒童哮喘患病率分彆為0.55％、0.88％和1.07％,每10年增加分彆為60.0％ 、21.6％,20年內增長瞭1.7 ～2.0倍.2.0 ～3歲患病率較低,4～10歲患病率最高,10歲以上逐漸降低.3.髮病誘因主要為上呼吸道感染78.5％(95/121例).4.首次髮作年齡在3歲內39.7％,3歲後首次髮作年齡與首次診斷年齡較一緻.5.影響兒童哮喘髮生的危險因素為傢族過敏史、變應性鼻炎、慢性咳嗽、反複呼吸道感染.6.應用全身糖皮質激素由2000年的60.2％減少到2010年的27.2％,吸入糖皮質激素由2000年的13.6％上升至2010年的85.1％.7.本調查哮喘兒童無一例因病留級或停學,81.9％(86/105例)的哮喘兒童體育活動基本不受影響;傢庭成員因孩子患病就醫,無缺勤纍計＞60 d/年或常年缺勤者;因哮喘就醫對影響傢庭經濟小能承受者僅佔2.5％(3/121例).結論 包頭市兒童哮喘患病率呈明顯上升趨勢,髮病誘因主要為上呼吸道感染.影響兒童哮喘髮生的主要危險因素為慢性咳嗽、反複呼吸道感染、傢族過敏史和變應性鼻炎.
목적 료해내몽고포두시인동지기관효천(효천)환병정황、변화추세、영향인소급대인동、가정화사회적영향.방법 채용정군추양적방법,안조전국인동효천협작조제정적전국통일조사방안진행조사.결과 1.공조사0～14세인동11 398례,실사11 323례,응답솔위99.34％.검출효천121례,총환병솔위1.07％(121/11 323례,95％CI:0.88 ～ 1.26),해수변이성효천6례,환병솔위0.05％(6/11 323례,95％ CI:0.01 ～0.09),가의효천24례,환병솔위0.21％(24/11 323례,95％CI:0.13 ～0.29).2009년지2010년현환병례96례,2년현환솔위0.85％(96/11 323례,95％CI:0.68 ～ 1.02).1990년、2000년화2010년포두시인동효천환병솔분별위0.55％、0.88％화1.07％,매10년증가분별위60.0％ 、21.6％,20년내증장료1.7 ～2.0배.2.0 ～3세환병솔교저,4～10세환병솔최고,10세이상축점강저.3.발병유인주요위상호흡도감염78.5％(95/121례).4.수차발작년령재3세내39.7％,3세후수차발작년령여수차진단년령교일치.5.영향인동효천발생적위험인소위가족과민사、변응성비염、만성해수、반복호흡도감염.6.응용전신당피질격소유2000년적60.2％감소도2010년적27.2％,흡입당피질격소유2000년적13.6％상승지2010년적85.1％.7.본조사효천인동무일례인병류급혹정학,81.9％(86/105례)적효천인동체육활동기본불수영향;가정성원인해자환병취의,무결근루계＞60 d/년혹상년결근자;인효천취의대영향가정경제소능승수자부점2.5％(3/121례).결론 포두시인동효천환병솔정명현상승추세,발병유인주요위상호흡도감염.영향인동효천발생적주요위험인소위만성해수、반복호흡도감염、가족과민사화변응성비염.
Objective To realize the asthma prevalence,the variation trend,and the influencing factors for it in children living in Baotou district,and the impact on the sick children,their families and the society.Methods According to unified national survey method which was established by the National Pediatric Cooperation Group on Asthma Research,the investigation was conducted.Results 1.All of 11 398 children aged 0-14 years were surveyed,and among them,11 323 were examined actually and the response rate was 99.34％.One hundred and twenty-one were diagnosed as asthma,the total prevalence was 1.07％ (121/11 323 cases,95％ CI:0.88-1.26),6 cases of eough variant asthma (0.05％,6/11 323 cases,95％ CI:0.01-0.09),24 cases of questionable asthma(0.21％,24/11 323 cases,95％ CI:0.13-0.29).The prevalence cases were 96 cases from 2009 to 2010,and the prevalence rate was 0.85％ (96/11 323 cases,95％ C 1:0.68-1.02).The prevalence rates of the children with asthma in Baotou in 1990,2000 and 2010 were 0.55％,0.88％ and 1.07％,respectively,increasing 60.0％ and 21.6％ per 10 years respectively,increased by 1.7-2.0 times during the 20 years.2.Asthma occurred the lowest in chillren aged 0-3 years,the highest prevalence was at the age of 4-10 years,and the prevalence of children more than 10 years old was gradually reducing.3.The main cause of the predisposing factors was the upper respiratory i nfection (78.5％,95/121 cases).4.The first attack age was 39.7％ in children at less than 3 years old,and the age of the first attack was more in line with the first diagnosis age after 3 years old.5.Dangerous factors affecting children's asthma were the family history of allergies,the anaphylactic rhinitis,the chronic cough,and the recurrent respiratory tract infection and so on.6.The application of the systemic corticosteroid drug decreased from 60.2％ in 2000 to 27.2％ in 2010,and the inhaled corticosteroids went up to 85.1％ in 2010 from 13.6％ in 2000.No case from the surveyed children failed to go up to the higher grade or drop out of school,there was no influence in the main sports activities for the 81.9％ (86/105 cases) asthma children,for the family members of children,no one was absence of duty more than 60 days a year,or absentee year in year out,because of taking their children to see doctors for asthma,and only 2.5％ (31/121 cases) family could not bear the economic burden of treatment.Conclusions There is an increasing trend of asthma prevalence.The predisposing factor is mainly respiratory tract infection.The dangerous factors for children's asthma are the chronic cough,the recurrent respiratory tract infection,the family history of allergies,the anaphylactic rhinitis and so on.
