中华现代护理杂志
中華現代護理雜誌
중화현대호리잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF MODERN NURSING
2012年
36期
4359-4362
,共4页
蒋琪霞%刘亚红%郭秀君%陈月娟%刘海英%管晓萍%朱亚君%贾静%柏素萍%张瑞%刘莉%徐玲%吴乐燕%刘云
蔣琪霞%劉亞紅%郭秀君%陳月娟%劉海英%管曉萍%硃亞君%賈靜%柏素萍%張瑞%劉莉%徐玲%吳樂燕%劉雲
장기하%류아홍%곽수군%진월연%류해영%관효평%주아군%가정%백소평%장서%류리%서령%오악연%류운
压力性溃疡%横断面研究%数据收集%预防
壓力性潰瘍%橫斷麵研究%數據收集%預防
압력성궤양%횡단면연구%수거수집%예방
Pressure ulcers%A cross-sectional survey%Data collection%Prevention
目的 分析12所综合医院中住院患者压疮预防现况,并提出对策.方法 采用欧洲和美国的调研工具,设定统一的调研时间、方法和流程及其一致性判断标准,组织统一培训合格的护士457名,对12所综合医院≥18岁的住院患者实施横断面调研,从压疮危险预测评分、减压床垫和翻身计划等方面分析压疮预防现况,采用SPSS 16.0统计软件进行描述性统计分析.结果 有效资料39952例,压疮现患率1.579％(651/39 952),医院获得性压疮发生率0.628％ (251/39 952).Braden计分≤16分4 710例,压疮危险初评落实率50.235％,复评落实率56.645％.其中380例院外压疮带入者Braden计分初评落实率87.38％,复评落实率90.842％.医院内获得性压疮251例每日1次复评落实率95.219％,1 094例危重患者Braden计分初评落实率94％,每日1次复评率69.104％.4 710例压疮发生危险者床上减压装置落实率61.805％,椅上减压装置落实率3.652％；床上体位变换落实率75.138％,椅上体位变换落实率7.834％.临床护士的评分结果为(14.01±3.54)分,与骨干护士复评结果(13.29±3.54)分比较差异有统计学意义(t=3.221,P＜0.01)；压疮发生危险患者使用减压垫状况及定时变换体位情况比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 在综合性医院中压疮预测评分和预防措施均未达到指南要求,需要建立压疮预警管理组织架构和分层次培训压疮预防知识,强化临床护士压疮预防意识和定期督查指导.
目的 分析12所綜閤醫院中住院患者壓瘡預防現況,併提齣對策.方法 採用歐洲和美國的調研工具,設定統一的調研時間、方法和流程及其一緻性判斷標準,組織統一培訓閤格的護士457名,對12所綜閤醫院≥18歲的住院患者實施橫斷麵調研,從壓瘡危險預測評分、減壓床墊和翻身計劃等方麵分析壓瘡預防現況,採用SPSS 16.0統計軟件進行描述性統計分析.結果 有效資料39952例,壓瘡現患率1.579％(651/39 952),醫院穫得性壓瘡髮生率0.628％ (251/39 952).Braden計分≤16分4 710例,壓瘡危險初評落實率50.235％,複評落實率56.645％.其中380例院外壓瘡帶入者Braden計分初評落實率87.38％,複評落實率90.842％.醫院內穫得性壓瘡251例每日1次複評落實率95.219％,1 094例危重患者Braden計分初評落實率94％,每日1次複評率69.104％.4 710例壓瘡髮生危險者床上減壓裝置落實率61.805％,椅上減壓裝置落實率3.652％；床上體位變換落實率75.138％,椅上體位變換落實率7.834％.臨床護士的評分結果為(14.01±3.54)分,與骨榦護士複評結果(13.29±3.54)分比較差異有統計學意義(t=3.221,P＜0.01)；壓瘡髮生危險患者使用減壓墊狀況及定時變換體位情況比較差異均有統計學意義(P＜0.01).結論 在綜閤性醫院中壓瘡預測評分和預防措施均未達到指南要求,需要建立壓瘡預警管理組織架構和分層次培訓壓瘡預防知識,彊化臨床護士壓瘡預防意識和定期督查指導.
목적 분석12소종합의원중주원환자압창예방현황,병제출대책.방법 채용구주화미국적조연공구,설정통일적조연시간、방법화류정급기일치성판단표준,조직통일배훈합격적호사457명,대12소종합의원≥18세적주원환자실시횡단면조연,종압창위험예측평분、감압상점화번신계화등방면분석압창예방현황,채용SPSS 16.0통계연건진행묘술성통계분석.결과 유효자료39952례,압창현환솔1.579％(651/39 952),의원획득성압창발생솔0.628％ (251/39 952).Braden계분≤16분4 710례,압창위험초평락실솔50.235％,복평락실솔56.645％.기중380례원외압창대입자Braden계분초평락실솔87.38％,복평락실솔90.842％.의원내획득성압창251례매일1차복평락실솔95.219％,1 094례위중환자Braden계분초평락실솔94％,매일1차복평솔69.104％.4 710례압창발생위험자상상감압장치락실솔61.805％,의상감압장치락실솔3.652％；상상체위변환락실솔75.138％,의상체위변환락실솔7.834％.림상호사적평분결과위(14.01±3.54)분,여골간호사복평결과(13.29±3.54)분비교차이유통계학의의(t=3.221,P＜0.01)；압창발생위험환자사용감압점상황급정시변환체위정황비교차이균유통계학의의(P＜0.01).결론 재종합성의원중압창예측평분화예방조시균미체도지남요구,수요건립압창예경관리조직가구화분층차배훈압창예방지식,강화림상호사압창예방의식화정기독사지도.
Objective To analyze the status of prediction and prevention for pressure ulcers in comprehensive hospitals in order to get suggestions for pressure ulcers.Methods Using consensus investigating times,tools,ways and procedure flows and judgment criteria,and organizing 457 nurses who trained and passed examination to do a cross-sectional investigation for condition of prediction and prevention for pressure ulcers in 12 comprehensive acute care hospitals.Data were calculated by SPSS 16.0 statistic software.Results Totals of 39 952 cases run into the database,the prevalence of pressure ulcers was 1.579％ and the incidence of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers was 0.628 ％ (251/39 952).Out of patients with Braden scale ≤ 16 points totally 4 710 cases,the first assessment rate was 50.235％ and reassessment rate was 56.645％.The first assessment rate of 380 patients found out pressure ulcers on admission was 87.38％ and reassessment rate was 90.842％.The reassessment rate of 251 patients with hospital-acquired pressure ulcers was 95.219％.The first assessment rate of 1 094 critical care patients on admission was 94％ and reassessment rate was 69.104％.The application rate of support surfaces or devices on beds and chairs for 4 710 patients with risk of pressure ulcers was 61.805％and 3.652％,respectively.The regular changing position rate on beds and chairs for 4 710 patients with risk of pressure ulcers was 75.138％ and 7.834％ respectively.The difference of Braden scores by clinical nurses and trained wound care team nurses was significant [(14.01 ± 3.54) vs (3.29 ± 3.54) ;t =3.221,P ＜ 0.01].Pressure ulcer risk patients use decompression pad status and timing change positions comparative differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The results of prediction and prevention for pressure ulcers in twelve comprehensive hospitals did not meet the guidelines' aim.It is important to set up the organized frame and train different professional nurses for preventing pressure ulcers,and enhance clinical nurses' recognition to prevent pressure ulcers,check and guide them regularly.
