CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解乌鲁木齐市养老机构老年人自我护理能力现状及相关影响因素.方法 2011年9月至2012年6月,通过分层整群随机抽样法,从乌鲁木齐市27所登记在册的养老机构中抽取15所,发放自我护理能力测量量表、社会支持评定量表及自行设计的一般情况问卷.结果符合入选条件的老年人为317名,平均年龄(77.51 ±9.24)岁,平均自我护理能力水平为(106.50±20.46)分,处于中等水平.教育水平、家庭人均月收入、家庭人口数、曾经从事职业差异有统计学意义(F分别为6.077,2.544,3.243,3.124;P ＜0.05).教育水平及家庭收入越高,自我护理能力越强;家中人口数为3～5人,自我护理能力水平高;曾经从事职业层次越高,自我护理能力越强.健康自评、生活是否需要照顾、健康教育差异有统计学意义(F分别为5.827,-2.071,12.343;P＜0.05).能够有效获得医疗资源、生活能自理、健康自评越好,自我护理能力越强.养老机构老年人社会支持得分为(30.95 ±7.75)分,低于国内常模(34.56±3.73)分,差异有统计学意义(￡=6.6099,P＜0.01),社会支持处于较低水平.多元线性回归分析表明,自我护理能力的独立影响因素有社会支持、教育水平、健康教育、健康自评(P＜0.05).结论通过制定相应的方法和措施,全面提高养老机构老年人自我护理能力,从而促进生命质量和健康状况的改善.
목적 료해오로목제시양로궤구노년인자아호리능력현상급상관영향인소.방법 2011년9월지2012년6월,통과분층정군수궤추양법,종오로목제시27소등기재책적양로궤구중추취15소,발방자아호리능력측량량표、사회지지평정량표급자행설계적일반정황문권.결과 부합입선조건적노년인위317명,평균년령(77.51 ±9.24)세,평균자아호리능력수평위(106.50±20.46)분,처우중등수평.교육수평、가정인균월수입、가정인구수、증경종사직업차이유통계학의의(F분별위6.077,2.544,3.243,3.124;P ＜0.05).교육수평급가정수입월고,자아호리능력월강;가중인구수위3～5인,자아호리능력수평고;증경종사직업층차월고,자아호리능력월강.건강자평、생활시부수요조고、건강교육차이유통계학의의(F분별위5.827,-2.071,12.343;P＜0.05).능구유효획득의료자원、생활능자리、건강자평월호,자아호리능력월강.양로궤구노년인사회지지득분위(30.95 ±7.75)분,저우국내상모(34.56±3.73)분,차이유통계학의의(￡=6.6099,P＜0.01),사회지지처우교저수평.다원선성회귀분석표명,자아호리능력적독립영향인소유사회지지、교육수평、건강교육、건강자평(P＜0.05).결론 통과제정상응적방법화조시,전면제고양로궤구노년인자아호리능력,종이촉진생명질량화건강상황적개선.
Objective To find out the influencing factors of self-care agency of elderly people in nursing homes of Urumqi.Methods Fifteen nursing homes out of 27 which were registered in Urumqi were chosen by a stratified cluster random sampling method from September 2011 to June 2012,where ESCAS (Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale),SSRI (Social Support Rate Information) and a self-designed questionnaire of general information were handed out for investigation.Results A total of 317 elderly people were interviewed,whose average age was (77.51 ±9.24) and score of self-care agency (106.50 ± 20.46)was intermediate-level.There were significant differences among them with different educational levels,family income,family members and professions (F =6.077,2.544,3.243,3.124,respectively; P ＜ 0.05).People with higher educational level,family income and professional level had better self-care ability,and people who had 3-5 family members had the highest level of self-care ability.There were significant difference among elderly with different self-rated health,whether be able to live on one' s own and different health education(F =5.827,-2.071,12.343,respectively; P ＜ 0.05).The higher the level of the self-rated health,ability to live on one' s own and health education level,the higher the self-care agency.The score of social support was (30.95 ±7.75),lower than the national norm which was (34.56 ± 3.73),and the differences were statistically significant (t =6.609 9,P ＜ 0.05).The multiple linear regression analysis showed that the independent influencing factors of self-care ability included social support,education level,health education and self-rated health (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Self-care ability of elderly should be improved by corresponding methods and measures to enhance their life quality and health status.