CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查贵州省毕节市燃煤型地方性氟中毒(简称地氟病)病区氟骨症患病情况,探讨改灶治理对其的影响.方法按照病情严重程度及改灶治理时间长短,抽取贵州省毕节市燃煤型地氟病病区4个村作为调查点,分别为海子街镇沙地村(轻病区+改灶时间短)、鸭池镇下坝村(轻病区+改灶时间长)、干溪乡中屯村(重病区+改灶时间短)和八寨镇毛栗坪村(重病区+改灶时间长).以年龄≥12岁的全体村民为调查对象.采用DR影像系统拍摄调查对象骨盆、右前臂和右小腿正位X线片,并根据《地方性氟骨症诊断标准》(WS192-2008)进行氟骨症判定.结果 ①4个村共检测280人,氟骨症X线总检出率为28.21％(79/280),其中无重度氟骨症患者,中度氟骨症患者检出率为5.36％(15/280),轻度氟骨症患者检出率为22.86％(64/280).②轻、重病区氟骨症X线总检出率分别为26.92％(35/130)、29.33％(44/150),二者之间比较差异无统计学意义(x2=0.200,P＞ 0.05).轻、重病区不同氟骨症病变程度检出率比较,轻病区中度氟骨症检出率[9.23％(12/130)]高于重病区[2.00％(3/150),x2=7.182,P＜0.05],而轻病区轻度氟骨症检出率[17.69％(23/130)]与重病区[27.33％(41/150)]比较,差异无统计学意义(x2=3.671,P＞ 0.05).③改灶时间长、短组氟骨症X线检出率分别为20.41％(20/98) 、32.41％(59/182),二者比较差异有统计学意义(x2=4.536,P＜0.05).结论毕节市燃煤型地氟病病区经过改灶治理氟骨症病情得到了一定的缓解,但防治工作仍不容松懈.
목적 조사귀주성필절시연매형지방성불중독(간칭지불병)병구불골증환병정황,탐토개조치리대기적영향.방법 안조병정엄중정도급개조치리시간장단,추취귀주성필절시연매형지불병병구4개촌작위조사점,분별위해자가진사지촌(경병구+개조시간단)、압지진하패촌(경병구+개조시간장)、간계향중둔촌(중병구+개조시간단)화팔채진모률평촌(중병구+개조시간장).이년령≥12세적전체촌민위조사대상.채용DR영상계통박섭조사대상골분、우전비화우소퇴정위X선편,병근거《지방성불골증진단표준》(WS192-2008)진행불골증판정.결과 ①4개촌공검측280인,불골증X선총검출솔위28.21％(79/280),기중무중도불골증환자,중도불골증환자검출솔위5.36％(15/280),경도불골증환자검출솔위22.86％(64/280).②경、중병구불골증X선총검출솔분별위26.92％(35/130)、29.33％(44/150),이자지간비교차이무통계학의의(x2=0.200,P＞ 0.05).경、중병구불동불골증병변정도검출솔비교,경병구중도불골증검출솔[9.23％(12/130)]고우중병구[2.00％(3/150),x2=7.182,P＜0.05],이경병구경도불골증검출솔[17.69％(23/130)]여중병구[27.33％(41/150)]비교,차이무통계학의의(x2=3.671,P＞ 0.05).③개조시간장、단조불골증X선검출솔분별위20.41％(20/98) 、32.41％(59/182),이자비교차이유통계학의의(x2=4.536,P＜0.05).결론 필절시연매형지불병병구경과개조치리불골증병정득도료일정적완해,단방치공작잉불용송해.
Objective To investigate the impact of improved stoves on skeletal fluorosis in Bijie city,a coal-burning type endemic fluorosis area in Guizhou province.Methods In accordance with the severity of skeletal fluorosis and the time length of using improved stoves,four villages of Bijie city in Guizhou province were sampled as the survey sites,they were Shadi village(a disease lightly affected area with short-time usage of improved stoves) of Haizijie town,Xiaba village(a disease lightly affected area with long-time usage of improved stoves) of Yachi town,Zhongtun village(a disease seriously affected area with short-time usage of improved stoves) of Ganxi town and Maoliping village(a disease seriously affected area with long-time usage of improved stoves) of Bazhai town.Villagers aged 12 and above were randomly sampled as research subjects in the four villagers.All research subjects were taken X-ray of pelvis,anteroposterior X-ray of right forearm and right leg using DR imaging systems,and diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria of "Diagnostic Criteria for Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis" (WS 192-2008).Results ①Two hundred eighty people were examined in the four villages,X-ray detection rate of skeletal fluorosis was 28.21％ (79/280),no severe patients were detected,the detection rates of patients in moderate or mild stage were 5.36％ (15/280) and 22.86％ (64/280),respectively.②The detection rates of lightly or seriously affected areas of coal-burning type fluorosis were 26.92％ (35/130) and 29.33％ (44/150),respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant between the two groups(x2 =0.200,P ＞ 0.05).The detection rate of moderate skeletal fluorosis[9.23％(12/130)] in the disease lightly affected area was higher than that of the disease seriously affected area[2.00％(3/150),x2=7.182,P ＜ 0.05],and no significant difference statistically of the rates of mild disease was found between the two groups[17.69％(23/130) and 27.33％(41/150),χ2 =3.671,P ＞ 0.05].③The detection rates of the disease in long or short time usage of improved stoves' groups were 20.41％(20/98)and 32.41％(59/182),respectively.The difference was statistically significant between the two groups(x2 =4.536,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The disease situation of coal-burning fluorosis is under control in Bijie city after using improved cooking stoves,but prevention measure is still very important.