CAJ | 학술논문

目的探讨家养宠物与被动吸烟对儿童呼吸系统疾病及症状的交互效应.方法采用整群随机抽样方法,在沈阳市各行政区随机抽取10所幼儿园和5所小学,采用国际统一的标准问卷ATS(American thoracic society)调查表,对所选学校共9679名儿童进行有关被动吸烟、饲养宠物以及呼吸系统疾病和症状等情况的调查.结果本次研究共发放问卷9679份,回收问卷8798份,应答率为90.9％,经逻辑审查符合上机统计分析的人数为8733名,其中儿童持续性咳嗽、咳痰、哮喘、哮喘现患、喘鸣及过敏性鼻炎的患病例数及自我报告率分别为835例(9.57％)、366例(4.42％)、559例(6.40％)、215例(2.46％)、229例(2.62％)、397例(4.55％).在调整了儿童的年龄和性别等混杂因素后,经多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,单纯暴露于家养宠物环境或被动吸烟环境均可显著增加儿童哮喘及相关症状的患病风险.且两者对儿童持续咳嗽、咳痰和过敏性鼻炎存在显著的交互效应,但对哮喘、哮喘现患及喘鸣的交互效应并不显著.结论家养宠物和被动吸烟均可增加儿童患有呼吸系统疾病及症状的风险,且两者对儿童呼吸系统疾病与症状的影响存在显著的交互效应.
목적 탐토가양총물여피동흡연대인동호흡계통질병급증상적교호효응.방법 채용정군수궤추양방법,재침양시각행정구수궤추취10소유인완화5소소학,채용국제통일적표준문권ATS(American thoracic society)조사표,대소선학교공9679명인동진행유관피동흡연、사양총물이급호흡계통질병화증상등정황적조사.결과 본차연구공발방문권9679빈,회수문권8798빈,응답솔위90.9％,경라집심사부합상궤통계분석적인수위8733명,기중인동지속성해수、해담、효천、효천현환、천명급과민성비염적환병례수급자아보고솔분별위835례(9.57％)、366례(4.42％)、559례(6.40％)、215례(2.46％)、229례(2.62％)、397례(4.55％).재조정료인동적년령화성별등혼잡인소후,경다인소비조건Logistic회귀분석현시,단순폭로우가양총물배경혹피동흡연배경균가현저증가인동효천급상관증상적환병풍험.차량자대인동지속해수、해담화과민성비염존재현저적교호효응,단대효천、효천현환급천명적교호효응병불현저.결론 가양총물화피동흡연균가증가인동환유호흡계통질병급증상적풍험,차량자대인동호흡계통질병여증상적영향존재현저적교호효응.
Objective Over the past few decades,secondhand smoke exposure among children become more serious and with China's implementation of the national policy of family planning and the family structure change,domestic pet has gradually become popular.This survey aimed to investigate the interactive effects of pet ownership and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on children' s respiratory diseases and symptoms.Method Using a cluster random sampling method,5 elementary schools and 10 kindergartens were randomly selected from each district of Shenyang,and all children from the selected schools were recruited in this survey.The information about the children's respiratory diseases,conditions of pets ownership and ETS exposure were collected by an international standard questionnaire from American Thoracic Society.Result A total of 9679 questionnaires were distributed to all the students enrolled in the selected schools,and 8798 completed questionnaires were collected with a response rate of 90.9％.Finally,8733 questionnaires were used for further analysis.The results showed that the number of the patients and the prevalence of persistent cough,persistent phlegm,doctor-diagnosed asthma,current asthma,wheeze,and allergic rhinitis in children were 835 (9.57％),366 (4.42％),559 (6.40％),215 (2.46％),229(2.62％),397 (4.55％),respectively.After controlling for the effects of age,gender and other confounding factors,the results from the multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that either pet ownership or the ETS exposure significantly increased the risk of prevalence of respiratory diseases and symptoms in children.Compared with control group children,only the prenatal exposure to passive smoking or domestic pets made the risk of children with allergic rhinitis increased respectively 34％ (OR =1.34,95％ CI=0.99-1.80) and 106％ (OR =2.06,95％ CI =1.28-3.31),while the exposure of these two factors made the risk of children with allergic rhinitis increased 376％ (OR =4.76,95％ CI =2.65-8.85),compared with the separate effect,the range of increase was 2.5 times.There was a significant interaction between pet ownership and ETS exposure on persistent cough,persistent phlegm,and allergic rhinitis in children,whereas,the combined effects of these two factors on doctor-diagnosed asthma,current asthma,and wheeze was approximately as expected on the basis of their independent effects on an additive scale.Conclusion This study provides evidence that pet ownership and ETS exposure increases the risk of respiratory diseases and symptoms in children,and there was a significant interaction effects between these two factors on some respiratory diseases and symptoms.