中华航空航天医学杂志
中華航空航天醫學雜誌
중화항공항천의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE
2012年
4期
241-244
,共4页
徐先荣%汪运坤%汪斌儒%叶晓军
徐先榮%汪運坤%汪斌儒%葉曉軍
서선영%왕운곤%왕빈유%협효군
体格检查%咽鼓管%气压伤%合格鉴定
體格檢查%嚥鼓管%氣壓傷%閤格鑒定
체격검사%인고관%기압상%합격감정
Physical examination%Eustachian tube%Barotrauma%Eligibility determination
目的 探讨从招飞体检源头降低飞行人员耳气压伤发病率和停飞率的可能性. 方法 ①收集某区招飞体检耳鼻喉科资料12 812份,统计捏鼻鼓气法或改良捏鼻鼓气法耳气压机能不良的检出率,并与120例结论为飞行合格的歼击机飞行员问卷调查中耳气压伤的发病率进行比较.②收集某医院歼击机飞行员住院病例资料273份,统计耳气压伤住院人数占耳鼻喉科疾病住院总数的比率；收集某医院飞行人员耳鼻喉科疾病停飞资料50份,统计耳气压伤停飞人数占耳鼻喉科停飞总数的比率,并与招飞体检耳气压机能不良淘汰人数占耳鼻喉科疾病淘汰总数的比率进行比较. 结果 ①招飞体检耳气压机能不良的检出率为0.12％(16/12 812),明显低于飞行人员耳气压伤63.33％(76/120)的发病率(x2=6724.52,P＜0.01).②招收飞行学员耳气压机能不良淘汰比率为0.84％(16/1914),明显低于飞行人员耳气压伤23.08％(63/273)的住院比率(x2=339.44,P＜0.01),也明显低于飞行人员耳气压伤20.00％(10/50)的停飞比率(x2=136.99,P＜0.01). 结论 改善招收飞行学员耳气压机能的检测方法和评价标准,有望提高耳气压机能不良的检出率,降低飞行人员耳气压伤的发病率和停飞率.
目的 探討從招飛體檢源頭降低飛行人員耳氣壓傷髮病率和停飛率的可能性. 方法 ①收集某區招飛體檢耳鼻喉科資料12 812份,統計捏鼻鼓氣法或改良捏鼻鼓氣法耳氣壓機能不良的檢齣率,併與120例結論為飛行閤格的殲擊機飛行員問捲調查中耳氣壓傷的髮病率進行比較.②收集某醫院殲擊機飛行員住院病例資料273份,統計耳氣壓傷住院人數佔耳鼻喉科疾病住院總數的比率；收集某醫院飛行人員耳鼻喉科疾病停飛資料50份,統計耳氣壓傷停飛人數佔耳鼻喉科停飛總數的比率,併與招飛體檢耳氣壓機能不良淘汰人數佔耳鼻喉科疾病淘汰總數的比率進行比較. 結果 ①招飛體檢耳氣壓機能不良的檢齣率為0.12％(16/12 812),明顯低于飛行人員耳氣壓傷63.33％(76/120)的髮病率(x2=6724.52,P＜0.01).②招收飛行學員耳氣壓機能不良淘汰比率為0.84％(16/1914),明顯低于飛行人員耳氣壓傷23.08％(63/273)的住院比率(x2=339.44,P＜0.01),也明顯低于飛行人員耳氣壓傷20.00％(10/50)的停飛比率(x2=136.99,P＜0.01). 結論 改善招收飛行學員耳氣壓機能的檢測方法和評價標準,有望提高耳氣壓機能不良的檢齣率,降低飛行人員耳氣壓傷的髮病率和停飛率.
목적 탐토종초비체검원두강저비행인원이기압상발병솔화정비솔적가능성. 방법 ①수집모구초비체검이비후과자료12 812빈,통계날비고기법혹개량날비고기법이기압궤능불량적검출솔,병여120례결론위비행합격적섬격궤비행원문권조사중이기압상적발병솔진행비교.②수집모의원섬격궤비행원주원병례자료273빈,통계이기압상주원인수점이비후과질병주원총수적비솔；수집모의원비행인원이비후과질병정비자료50빈,통계이기압상정비인수점이비후과정비총수적비솔,병여초비체검이기압궤능불량도태인수점이비후과질병도태총수적비솔진행비교. 결과 ①초비체검이기압궤능불량적검출솔위0.12％(16/12 812),명현저우비행인원이기압상63.33％(76/120)적발병솔(x2=6724.52,P＜0.01).②초수비행학원이기압궤능불량도태비솔위0.84％(16/1914),명현저우비행인원이기압상23.08％(63/273)적주원비솔(x2=339.44,P＜0.01),야명현저우비행인원이기압상20.00％(10/50)적정비비솔(x2=136.99,P＜0.01). 결론 개선초수비행학원이기압궤능적검측방법화평개표준,유망제고이기압궤능불량적검출솔,강저비행인원이기압상적발병솔화정비솔.
Objective To study the otological diagnosis in the primary physical examination of pilot candidates in order to reduce the prevalence rate of aural barotrauma in pilots and the dysfunction dependent flying disqualification rate.Methods ① The prevalence rate of Eustachian tube dysfunction,that diagnosed by performing Valsalva maneuver or improved Valsalva maneuver,was statistically analyzed upon 12 812 physical examination records of pilot candidates and was compared with the questionnaire collected prevalence rate of aural barotrauma in 120 qualified fighter pilots.②The percentage of aural barotrauma case against the inpatients of Otorhinolaryngological Department was calculated based on 273 fighter pilot cases.Upon 50 otorhinolaryngology caused grounding cases of the flying personnel the percentages of aural barotraumas reason was picked out and was compared with the percentage of otorhinolaryngological reasons eliminated candidates in the otorhinolaryngology eliminations of recruitment examination.Results ① The detection rate of Eustachian tube dysfunction in the candidates was 0.12％ (16/12 812),much lower than the prevalence rate of aural barotrauma in active pilots(63.33 ％,76/120)(x2 =6724.52,P＜0.01).②The eliminating rate of the candidates with Eustachian tube dysfunction was 0.84％ (16/1914) in otorhinolaryngological examinations,much lower than the percentage of aural barotraumas cases in hospitalized fighter pilots in the otorhinolaryngological Department (23.08 ％,63/273) (x2 =339.44,P＜0.01) ; much lower than the aural barotrauma caused grounding rate (20.00％,10/50) (x2 =136.99,P＜0.01).Conclusion The method and criterion for diagnosing Eustachian tube dysfunction in the physical examination of pilot candidates should be improved to raise the detection rate and then to reduce its prevalence rate and the grounding rate of flying personnel.
