CAJ | 학술논문

目的通过测量人体皮肤表面硬度及体脂率,研究不同体脂率的人及不同身体部位的皮肤硬度的差异,为航空动态仿真假人仿真皮肤和肌肉的设计提供参考. 方法测量30名健康男性志愿者身上28处的皮肤表面硬度和2处皮下脂肪厚度,根据体脂率将志愿者分为正常组(体脂率＜20％)和肥胖组(体脂率≥20％).用多个相关样本检验法对30名受试者不同部位的测量数据进行统计学分析,再用2个相关样本检验法来确定显著性具体发生在哪两个水平之间及显著性的大小;用独立样本t检验法对正常组和肥胖组的测量数据进行统计学分析,并给出两组体脂率与皮肤表面硬度之间的关系. 结果 30名受试者中,16人体脂率＜20％(正常组),14人体脂率≥20％(肥胖组).肥胖组与正常组相比,全身28处皮肤有22处的表面硬度差异有统计学意义(t=1.885～5.865,P＜0.05).受试者四肢内侧的皮肤硬度与四肢其他部位相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);左、右小腿中部的硬度显著性高于全身其他部位(P＜0.05).在大腿内侧及臀部,两组硬度均为0,且两组的体脂率与硬度分别呈现不同的线性关系. 结论皮肤表面硬度在不同体脂率的人体上显示出相似的分布规律,但却因体脂率的不同硬度值存有很大的差异.建议在航空动态仿真假人皮肤和肌肉的设计上考虑不同体脂率对皮肤硬度的影响.
목적 통과측량인체피부표면경도급체지솔,연구불동체지솔적인급불동신체부위적피부경도적차이,위항공동태방진가인방진피부화기육적설계제공삼고. 방법 측량30명건강남성지원자신상28처적피부표면경도화2처피하지방후도,근거체지솔장지원자분위정상조(체지솔＜20％)화비반조(체지솔≥20％).용다개상관양본검험법대30명수시자불동부위적측량수거진행통계학분석,재용2개상관양본검험법래학정현저성구체발생재나량개수평지간급현저성적대소;용독립양본t검험법대정상조화비반조적측량수거진행통계학분석,병급출량조체지솔여피부표면경도지간적관계. 결과 30명수시자중,16인체지솔＜20％(정상조),14인체지솔≥20％(비반조).비반조여정상조상비,전신28처피부유22처적표면경도차이유통계학의의(t=1.885～5.865,P＜0.05).수시자사지내측적피부경도여사지기타부위상비차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05);좌、우소퇴중부적경도현저성고우전신기타부위(P＜0.05).재대퇴내측급둔부,량조경도균위0,차량조적체지솔여경도분별정현불동적선성관계. 결론 피부표면경도재불동체지솔적인체상현시출상사적분포규률,단각인체지솔적불동경도치존유흔대적차이.건의재항공동태방진가인피부화기육적설계상고필불동체지솔대피부경도적영향.
Objective To investigate the variation of skin surface hardness at different body part of the adult males with different body fat rate and to present the reference to the design of the skin and muscle of dynamic simulation dummyn.Methods Thirty subjects were divided into two groups,the normal group (body fat rate ＜20％) and the obese group (body fat rate ≥20％).Type A Shore meter was used to test the skin surface hardness at 28 parts of body and sebum thickness caliper was used to test skinfold thickness at 2 parts of body.Statistical analysis of different parts' hardness of 30 subjects was accomplished by using K-related Samples and the significant level was detected by using 2-related Samples.Independent-Samples t Test was used to test the difference between normal group and obese group with a level of significance set as P＜0.05.The relationship between skin hardness and body fat rate was also analyzed.Results Sixteen subjects were grouped as normal while the rest 14 were in obese based on body fat rate measurement.From the results we observed statistical significant hardness differences at 22 parts of body between 2 groups (t=1.885～5.865,P＜0.05).Specifically,the hardness of medial limbs was significantly lower than that of lateral limbs' (P＜0.05) and the hardness of mid shanks was significantly greater than that of other parts of body (P＜0.05).Furthermore,the hardness of medial thigh and hip was equal to zero.In both groups,there was significant correlation between body fat rate and skinfold thickness.Conclusions The skin surface hardness shows similar distribution but significant variation in the adult males with different body fat rate.Body fat rate,as an important factor depending the skin hardness,should be taken into consideration when we design the skin and muscle of dynamic simulation dummy.