CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解汽车制造企业油漆涂料职业接触工人的身体健康状况,分析接触工人健康状况的影响因素,并提出健康干预措施和策略.方法采用典型抽样的方法选择广州市某大型汽车制造企业,按照是否接触油漆涂料分别选择涂装车间的油漆喷涂工人作为接触组,选择行政、采购、市场部门员工作为对照组,由专职医生对所有研究对象进行身体健康状况检查.结果接触工人头晕、头痛、牙龈出血、胸闷、皮肤瘙痒症状阳性率明显高于对照组人群,且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);接触工人心电图异常率高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),而暴露工人各类传导阻滞发生率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.020);接触工人白细胞总数、红细胞含量以及男性工人血红蛋白含量均低于对照人群,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论汽车制造企业油漆喷涂工人在作业过程中接触的挥发性有机溶剂会对工人的身体健康造成不良影响,应定期体检、加强健康干预,提高健康水平.
목적 료해기차제조기업유칠도료직업접촉공인적신체건강상황,분석접촉공인건강상황적영향인소,병제출건강간예조시화책략.방법 채용전형추양적방법선택엄주시모대형기차제조기업,안조시부접촉유칠도료분별선택도장차간적유칠분도공인작위접촉조,선택행정、채구、시장부문원공작위대조조,유전직의생대소유연구대상진행신체건강상황검사.결과 접촉공인두훈、두통、아간출혈、흉민、피부소양증상양성솔명현고우대조조인군,차차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05);접촉공인심전도이상솔고우대조조,단차이무통계학의의(P＞0.05),이폭로공인각류전도조체발생솔고우대조조,차이유통계학의의(P=0.020);접촉공인백세포총수、홍세포함량이급남성공인혈홍단백함량균저우대조인군,차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05).결론 기차제조기업유칠분도공인재작업과정중접촉적휘발성유궤용제회대공인적신체건강조성불량영향,응정기체검、가강건강간예,제고건강수평.
Objective To investigate the health status of painting and coating workers in an automobile manufacturing enterprise in Guangzhou,China and analyze the influential factors for the health status of these workers,and to provide health intervention measures and strategies.Methods Typical sampling was used to select an automobile manufacturing enterprise; according to whether the subjects were in contact with paint and coatings,paint spraying workers in the painting workshop were selected as the exposed group,and the staff in the administration,procurement,and marketing departments as the control group.Physical examination was performed by doctors among these subjects.Results The exposed group had significantly higher positive rates of dizziness,headache,bleeding gums,chest tightness,and skin itching than the control group (P＜0.05).The exposed group had a nonsignificantly higher rate of abnormal ECG than the control group (P＞0.05),but the exposed group had a significantly higher incidence of various blocks (P=0.020) and significantly lower leukocyte count,erythrocyte count,and male workers' hemoglobin level (P＜0.05),as compared with the control group.Conclusion Volatile organic solvents have adverse effect on the health of paint spraying workers in the automobile manufacturing enterprise,so regular physical examination should be performed to strengthen health interventions and improve health.