CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解北方少数民族聚居地农村居民农业伤害的发生情况和饮酒与农业伤害的关系.方法采用多级抽样的方法选取样本,通过面对面访谈方式收集资料;共抽取2366名达斡尔族聚居地农村居民,收到合格问卷2198份.结果在2198名达斡尔族聚居地农村居民中,农业伤害发生率为11.8%,男性伤害发生率(13.8%)明显高于女性(9.7%)(P=0.003).年龄、职业、从事农业生产的年限、睡眠困难、从事农业生产时吸烟、驾驶农用机动车、使用农用机械和饮酒是伤害的危险因素(P＜0.01).通过控制混杂因素,饮酒与农业伤害有关,先前饮酒者、目前饮酒者发生伤害的危险性分别是不饮酒者的1.57倍(95%CI:1.05～2.37)和1.80倍(95%CI:1.24～2.62).目前的饮酒率为29.1%(640/2198).随着每周饮酒次数、每次饮纯酒精量、饮酒年限、饮用酒精饮料种类的变化,农业伤害的危险性增加;在早午餐饮酒发生农业伤害的危险性是不饮酒者的2.15倍(95%CI:1.43～3.22),经常醉酒者发生农业伤害的危险性是不饮酒者的2.09倍(95%CI:1.38～3.15).结论饮酒是农业伤害的主要危险因素.控制饮酒、加强道路安全知识和农用机械使用知识培训,是预防农业伤害的主要措施.
목적 료해북방소수민족취거지농촌거민농업상해적발생정황화음주여농업상해적관계.방법 채용다급추양적방법선취양본,통과면대면방담방식수집자료;공추취2366명체알이족취거지농촌거민,수도합격문권2198빈.결과 재2198명체알이족취거지농촌거민중,농업상해발생솔위11.8%,남성상해발생솔(13.8%)명현고우녀성(9.7%)(P=0.003).년령、직업、종사농업생산적년한、수면곤난、종사농업생산시흡연、가사농용궤동차、사용농용궤계화음주시상해적위험인소(P＜0.01).통과공제혼잡인소,음주여농업상해유관,선전음주자、목전음주자발생상해적위험성분별시불음주자적1.57배(95%CI:1.05～2.37)화1.80배(95%CI:1.24～2.62).목전적음주솔위29.1%(640/2198).수착매주음주차수、매차음순주정량、음주년한、음용주정음료충류적변화,농업상해적위험성증가;재조오찬음주발생농업상해적위험성시불음주자적2.15배(95%CI:1.43～3.22),경상취주자발생농업상해적위험성시불음주자적2.09배(95%CI:1.38～3.15).결론 음주시농업상해적주요위험인소.공제음주、가강도로안전지식화농용궤계사용지식배훈,시예방농업상해적주요조시.
Objective To understand the incidence rates of agricultural profession-related injuries and the relationship to alcohol consumption.Methods A multistage sample of 2366 villagers was selected from Minority Nationality Villages,Heilongjiang province.Face-to-face interviews were conducted by trained interviewers during May 2008.2198(92.9%)of the eligible questionnaires were available.Results Incidence rate of agricultural profession-related injury rate was 11.8%(260/2198)from May 2007 to April 2008.Higher proportions of injuries were seen for males,30-49 year olds,farmers and among those people working on farms for 10 years or more,smoking during farm work,with sleeping disorder,using motor vehicles,and those using agricultural machinery.Rate of alcohol drinking was 29.1%(640/2198)in the month prior to the investigation.Results from logistic regression models showed that alcohol consumption patterns and other alcohol-related behavior were examined in separate logistic models because of collinearity by controlling the variables that were associated with agricultural profession-related injury including sex,age,years of farm work,driving a motor vehicle,and agricultural machinery use etc.In each model,the reference group was those villagers who did not drink in the past month.The odds of injury among villagers with history of past month drinking,who drank distilled spirits,and alcohol drinking at breakfast and lunch were 1.80(95%CI:1.24-2.62),2.09(95%CI:1.38-3.15),2.15(95%CI:1.43-3.22)respectively.The odds of agricultural injury also significantly increased with greater average amounts of pure alcohol per day,with increased frequency of drinking per week,and reported years of drinking.Conclusion Intervention efforts should include increasing awareness about alcohol drinking as a major risk factor causing agricultural injuries as well as controlling alcohol drinking,improving knowledge about driving motor vehicle and using agricultural machinery.