CAJ | 학술논문

目的分析海南省麻疹监测系统建立运行情况和病例监测结果.方法制定海南省麻疹监测方案,在全省建立麻疹监测系统,按照监测方案病例定义开展监测.采用描述流行病学方法对海南省2004-2008年法定传染病疫情报告系统及麻疹监测系统报告的麻疹病例进行分析.结果海南省2004-2008年麻疹监测系统报告麻疹疑似病例3040例,比法定传染病疫情报告系统高96.00%,监测系统建立当年(2004年)报告病例数少于法定传染病报告病例数;2005年以来监测系统报告的敏感性逐年提高,2008年监测系统报告疑似病例数是法定传染病的19.12倍.监测系统报告麻疹疑似病例中确诊病例比例逐年下降,由90.34%下降到4.48%.标本采集率逐年提高,由22.73%上升到99.12%,麻疹确诊病例中实验室确诊病例比例逐年提高,由7.55%提高到86.97%.检测疑似病例中麻疹IgM抗体阳性率为31.57%,风疹IgM抗体阳性率为34.52%.海南省除2006年为麻疹流行年出现多个暴发点外,其他年份均为散发,发病有明显的季节高峰,高峰期在3-6月.发病年龄仍以15岁以下儿童为主,占86.68%,无免疫史和免疫史不详儿童占85.67%.结论海南省自建立麻疹监测系统后监测敏感性不断提高,发病率已降到历史最低水平.
목적 분석해남성마진감측계통건립운행정황화병례감측결과.방법 제정해남성마진감측방안,재전성건립마진감측계통,안조감측방안병례정의개전감측.채용묘술류행병학방법대해남성2004-2008년법정전염병역정보고계통급마진감측계통보고적마진병례진행분석.결과 해남성2004-2008년마진감측계통보고마진의사병례3040례,비법정전염병역정보고계통고96.00%,감측계통건립당년(2004년)보고병례수소우법정전염병보고병례수;2005년이래감측계통보고적민감성축년제고,2008년감측계통보고의사병례수시법정전염병적19.12배.감측계통보고마진의사병례중학진병례비례축년하강,유90.34%하강도4.48%.표본채집솔축년제고,유22.73%상승도99.12%,마진학진병례중실험실학진병례비례축년제고,유7.55%제고도86.97%.검측의사병례중마진IgM항체양성솔위31.57%,풍진IgM항체양성솔위34.52%.해남성제2006년위마진류행년출현다개폭발점외,기타년빈균위산발,발병유명현적계절고봉,고봉기재3-6월.발병년령잉이15세이하인동위주,점86.68%,무면역사화면역사불상인동점85.67%.결론 해남성자건립마진감측계통후감측민감성불단제고,발병솔이강도역사최저수평.
Objective To evaluate the development and operation on measles surveillance system.Methods To formulate surveillance program,and then establish surveillance system on measles in Hainan province before the case surveillance was conducted.Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the measles cases reported through the notifiable diseases epidemic situation report system and measles surveillance system during 2004-2008 in Hainan province.Results From 2004 to 2008,through surveillance system,3040 suspected measles cases were reported which was 96.00% higher than that from the notifiable diseases epidemic situation report system.When the measles surveillance system was first established in 2004,the number of cases reported by the surveillance system was less than that from the epidemic report system,however,the sensitivity of the surveillance system had been increasing since 2005.In 2008,the number of suspected cases reported by surveillance system was 19.12 times more than from the epidemic report system.The proportion of confirmed cases in the total suspected cases was decreasing annually,from 90.34% to 4.48%,along with the increase of the sample collection rate,from 22.73% to 99.12%.The proportion of laboratory confirmed cases in the total confirmed cases increased from 7.55% to 86.97%.With suspected cases,the IgM antibody positive rate on measles and rubella were 31.57% and 34.52%,respectively.In Hainan,the epidemic pattern of measles had been sporadic,except for 2006 as there occurred several outbreaks in that year.The of disease incidence had an obvious seasonal peaks,from March to June.Measles mainly attacked children under 15 years of age,accounted for 86.68% of the age group.Children with no immunity or unknown immune history accounted for 85.67%.Conclusion The sensitivity of surveillance system had been increasing annually since it was developed and the incidence had been dropping to its lowest level.These achievements had built a solid foundation for the eventual elimination of measles.