CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解成都市民体质现状,分析其在全国国民体质水平中所处的位置,为健身计划的实施提供科学依据.方法按照《2010年国民体质监测工作手册》的要求和测试方法,采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取目标人群共5603人,测量身体形态、机能和素质指标,并与2010年全国国民体质公报中的数据比较.结果成都男性市民身高、体重、胸围、腰围、臀围和皮褶厚度(肩胛皮褶厚度除外)均低于全国水平,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).与全国数据比较显示,身高相差较大,其中45～64岁组均低4.0 cm以上；体重差值为3.5 ～ 6.4 kg,其中男性50 ～ 59岁组低6 kg以上；胸围差值为2.4～3.9 cm;腰围差值为2.5 ～ 10.4 cm,其中30 ～ 59岁组低于7.6 cm以上；臀围差值为0.1 ～ 3.2 cm；上臂和腹部皮褶厚度的差值分别为0.1 ～2.1 mm和0.2 ～ 3.9 mm,肩胛皮褶厚度差值为1.3 ～ 8.8 mm(均大于全国水平,其中30 ～59岁组大于7.1mm以上).成都女性市民各年龄组身高、体重均低于全国水平.与全国数据比较显示,身高差值为1.6 ～ 3.4 cm,体重差值为1.7 ～ 3.2 kg,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01)；胸围、腰围、臀围与全国水平相差不大；上臂、肩胛、腹部皮褶厚度均高于全国水平(P＜0.01),其中老年组上臂、肩胛和腹部皮褶厚度均大于全国水平5.0 mm以上.成都市民生理机能测试,各年龄组安静脉搏、血压、肺活量与全国水平的差异无统计学意义.素质测试指标中,除老年人外成年人握力、坐位体前屈、闭眼单脚站立和选择反应时等弱于全国水平；各年龄段人群的体质综合评价合格率较高(约90％).结论成都市民形态、成年人运动素质低于全国水平,而机能素质与全国水平相当.在健身计划的实施中,应注重成年人体质水平提高.
목적 료해성도시민체질현상,분석기재전국국민체질수평중소처적위치,위건신계화적실시제공과학의거.방법 안조《2010년국민체질감측공작수책》적요구화측시방법,채용분층정군수궤추양방법,추취목표인군공5603인,측량신체형태、궤능화소질지표,병여2010년전국국민체질공보중적수거비교.결과 성도남성시민신고、체중、흉위、요위、둔위화피습후도(견갑피습후도제외)균저우전국수평,차이균유통계학의의(P＜0.01).여전국수거비교현시,신고상차교대,기중45～64세조균저4.0 cm이상；체중차치위3.5 ～ 6.4 kg,기중남성50 ～ 59세조저6 kg이상；흉위차치위2.4～3.9 cm;요위차치위2.5 ～ 10.4 cm,기중30 ～ 59세조저우7.6 cm이상；둔위차치위0.1 ～ 3.2 cm；상비화복부피습후도적차치분별위0.1 ～2.1 mm화0.2 ～ 3.9 mm,견갑피습후도차치위1.3 ～ 8.8 mm(균대우전국수평,기중30 ～59세조대우7.1mm이상).성도녀성시민각년령조신고、체중균저우전국수평.여전국수거비교현시,신고차치위1.6 ～ 3.4 cm,체중차치위1.7 ～ 3.2 kg,차이균유통계학의의(P＜0.01)；흉위、요위、둔위여전국수평상차불대；상비、견갑、복부피습후도균고우전국수평(P＜0.01),기중노년조상비、견갑화복부피습후도균대우전국수평5.0 mm이상.성도시민생리궤능측시,각년령조안정맥박、혈압、폐활량여전국수평적차이무통계학의의.소질측시지표중,제노년인외성년인악력、좌위체전굴、폐안단각참립화선택반응시등약우전국수평；각년령단인군적체질종합평개합격솔교고(약90％).결론 성도시민형태、성년인운동소질저우전국수평,이궤능소질여전국수평상당.재건신계화적실시중,응주중성년인체질수평제고.
Objective To understand the status of physique and variational tendency of population in Chengdu,and comparing to the national level,for the purpose of providing evidence in improving the body mass among citizens in Chengdu.Methods Different groups were selected by cluster random sampling method,with a total of 5603 samples selected.Body shape,physiological and physical skills were measured according to the 2010 Workbook of Public Physique Monitoring Program and compared to the results from 2010.T test was used.Results For body shape,height and weight of the people in Chengdu were lower than the national average levels.Among them,males aged from 45 to 64 years old were 4.0 cm lower,females above 40 years old were 2.0 cm lower in height,when comparing to the national average levels with differences on weight as 3.5-6.4 kg for men and 1.7-3.2 kg for women.The chest,waist and hip circumferences of males were less than the national average levels,but showing at matching levels in women.Upper arm and abdominal skinfold in men were less than the national average,but the scapular skinfold was larger.Scapular skinfold was larger than the national levels,more than 7.1 mm in the 30 to 59 year-olds.Skin folds of the upperarm,shoulder and scapular in females were larger than the national levels.Citizens in Chengdu and the nation showed matching physiological levels.Physical skill of the adults was weaker than the national average level but the quality regarding power of gripping and time of reaction were superior in the elderly.Conclusion Levels of physique mass in Chengdu citizens were,in general,lower than the national average level.Elderly appeared having better physical quality,but not in the mid-aged adults.Our data suggested that a great effort should be made to improve the health of the mid-aged adults.