CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解成年居民在外就餐状况及影响因素.方法资料来源于2011年“中国健康与营养调查(CH-NS)”,2012年在其中3个项目省(辽宁、河南和湖南)各抽取2个市和2个县,在每个市调查点抽取2个城市居委会和2个郊区村,每个县调查点抽取1个县政府所在地居委会和3个村.将参加过2011年CHNS调查并有完整个人信息,且在本次调查时间内可随访问到的1013名18～ 59岁成年居民作为调查对象,调查中补充收集过去一周内在中/西式快餐店、中餐馆、流动食品摊、面包店/咖啡厅、食堂及其他餐馆就餐频率、费用、交通方式及其时间等信息,结合连续3天24小时膳食调查,分析不同地点在外就餐状况、能量和营养素摄入水平,探讨影响不同地点在外就餐的因素.结果城乡居民总体一周在外就餐率分别为51.72％和39.14％;在西式快餐店、中餐馆、中式快餐店、流动食品摊、面包店/咖啡厅、食堂和其他餐馆每周就餐≥1次的人群比例分别为1.68％、23.49％、12.93％、10.37％、1.09％、10.07％和4.34％.每周在中餐馆就餐≥1次的居民与没有在中餐馆就餐者相比,能量、钙、铁、锌的摄入量较高;每周在食堂就餐≥1次的居民与没有在食堂就餐者相比,能量、蛋白质、膳食纤维、钙、锌的摄人量高.年龄、性别、教育程度、经济收入、城乡地区与成年居民在外就餐有关.结论调查地区成年居民在外就餐较为普遍,应开展在外就餐的营养宣传教育,引导居民在外就餐时对健康食物的选择.
목적 료해성년거민재외취찬상황급영향인소.방법 자료래원우2011년“중국건강여영양조사(CH-NS)”,2012년재기중3개항목성(료녕、하남화호남)각추취2개시화2개현,재매개시조사점추취2개성시거위회화2개교구촌,매개현조사점추취1개현정부소재지거위회화3개촌.장삼가과2011년CHNS조사병유완정개인신식,차재본차조사시간내가수방문도적1013명18～ 59세성년거민작위조사대상,조사중보충수집과거일주내재중/서식쾌찬점、중찬관、류동식품탄、면포점/가배청、식당급기타찬관취찬빈솔、비용、교통방식급기시간등신식,결합련속3천24소시선식조사,분석불동지점재외취찬상황、능량화영양소섭입수평,탐토영향불동지점재외취찬적인소.결과 성향거민총체일주재외취찬솔분별위51.72％화39.14％;재서식쾌찬점、중찬관、중식쾌찬점、류동식품탄、면포점/가배청、식당화기타찬관매주취찬≥1차적인군비례분별위1.68％、23.49％、12.93％、10.37％、1.09％、10.07％화4.34％.매주재중찬관취찬≥1차적거민여몰유재중찬관취찬자상비,능량、개、철、자적섭입량교고;매주재식당취찬≥1차적거민여몰유재식당취찬자상비,능량、단백질、선식섬유、개、자적섭인량고.년령、성별、교육정도、경제수입、성향지구여성년거민재외취찬유관.결론 조사지구성년거민재외취찬교위보편,응개전재외취찬적영양선전교육,인도거민재외취찬시대건강식물적선택.
Objective To examine the characteristics of ‘eating out’ behavior among Chinese adults and to explore it related risk factors.Methods Data in the present study was from the China Health and Nutrition Study (CHNS),including those from Liaoning,Henan and Hunan as sample provinces.2 cities and 2 counties from each province and 2 urban communities and 2 suburban communities from each city plus communities from 1 township and 3 villages from each county were chosen.A final 1013 Chinese adults aged 18 to 59 years old who participated in the 2011 CHNS with complete individual information and were available in the present study period were involved in the study.‘ Eating out behavior’ was estimated through face-to-face interview on the items as:frequency,cost,ways of transportation and distance between restaurants,eating at fast food restaurants/Chinese full service restaurants/Chinese fast food restaurants/mobile food carts/cafes/canteens or other restaurants during the last week.Information on the amount of food intake was collected through three ‘24 h recalls’.We described the eating out behaviors by types of restaurants they had gone to and comparing eating out eaters and non-eating out eaters for a set of nutritional indicators in order to explore the risk factors related to ‘eating out’ behaviors.Results ‘Eating out’ was defined as individuals who consumed at least once in restaurants per week.In all the 1013 adults,51.72％ from urban and 39.14％ from rural were defined as having ‘eating out’ experiences.Proportions of eating out in western fast food restaurants,Chinese full service restaurants,Chinese fast food restaurants,mobile food carts,cafes,canteens and other restaurants were 1.68％,23.49％,12.93％,10.37％,1.09％,10.07％ and 4.34％,respectively.Energy,Ca,Fe and Zn intake were substantially higher among eaters eating at Chinese full service restaurants than those who had not,Energy,protein,fibers,Ca and Zn intake were higher among canteens eaters than those who did not.Age,gender,education,income and residential areas were associated with eating out behaviors.Conclusion Eating out is a significant nutritional issue among Chinese adults.Education related to nutrition should be taken into account to guide healthy food choices for adults who eat out.