CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解我国西南部彝族聚集区人群HIV、HBV感染的流行病学特征及其影响因素.方法采取整群抽样的方法,在西南部某彝族聚集区艾滋病高流行区抽取1个流行乡镇作为研究现场,进行人群HIV、HBV感染筛查和问卷调查,收集调查对象的社会人口学基本资料、感染相关危险因素,并进行相关实验室检测.结果共调查2 290名当地成年居民,该乡人群HIV感染率为7.9％,HBV感染率为3.1％,HIV/HBV共感染率为1.2％.对于HIV感染,小学及以上文化程度(OR=3.28,95％CI:1.54 ～ 6.96)、有吸毒史(OR=46.32,95％CI:15.30～140.25)、配偶有吸毒史(OR=3.52,95％CI:1.33 ～ 9.30)、配偶HIV感染史(OR=9.56,95％CI:3.49～26.20)是危险因素,家庭年总收入≥5 000元的人群感染HIV的危险性明显低于家庭年总收入＜1 000元的人群(OR=0.14,95％CI:0.03 ～ 0.66),家庭年总收入1 000 ～3 000元的人群感染HIV的危险性明显低于家庭年总收入＜1 000元的人群(OR=0.28,95％CI:0.11～0.68),有打工史的人群感染HIV危险性明显低于其他人群(OR=0.33,95％CI:0.15～ 0.72).对于HBV感染,有打工史是危险因素(OR=2.48,95％CI:1.16 ～ 3.42).对于HIV/HBV共感染,配偶有HIV感染史是危险因素(OR=6.04,95％CI:1.28 ～ 28.48).结论该彝族聚居区人群HIV疫情较为严重,应加强艾滋病防治的宣传教育、针具交换以及美沙酮替代治疗等防治工作来控制当地艾滋病的传播.
목적 료해아국서남부이족취집구인군HIV、HBV감염적류행병학특정급기영향인소.방법 채취정군추양적방법,재서남부모이족취집구애자병고류행구추취1개류행향진작위연구현장,진행인군HIV、HBV감염사사화문권조사,수집조사대상적사회인구학기본자료、감염상관위험인소,병진행상관실험실검측.결과 공조사2 290명당지성년거민,해향인군HIV감염솔위7.9％,HBV감염솔위3.1％,HIV/HBV공감염솔위1.2％.대우HIV감염,소학급이상문화정도(OR=3.28,95％CI:1.54 ～ 6.96)、유흡독사(OR=46.32,95％CI:15.30～140.25)、배우유흡독사(OR=3.52,95％CI:1.33 ～ 9.30)、배우HIV감염사(OR=9.56,95％CI:3.49～26.20)시위험인소,가정년총수입≥5 000원적인군감염HIV적위험성명현저우가정년총수입＜1 000원적인군(OR=0.14,95％CI:0.03 ～ 0.66),가정년총수입1 000 ～3 000원적인군감염HIV적위험성명현저우가정년총수입＜1 000원적인군(OR=0.28,95％CI:0.11～0.68),유타공사적인군감염HIV위험성명현저우기타인군(OR=0.33,95％CI:0.15～ 0.72).대우HBV감염,유타공사시위험인소(OR=2.48,95％CI:1.16 ～ 3.42).대우HIV/HBV공감염,배우유HIV감염사시위험인소(OR=6.04,95％CI:1.28 ～ 28.48).결론 해이족취거구인군HIV역정교위엄중,응가강애자병방치적선전교육、침구교환이급미사동체대치료등방치공작래공제당지애자병적전파.
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors on HIV,HBV infection of people from the southwest province of China and to provide basic data for the development of related strategies.Methods According to the information on current HIV epidemics,one township from the area was selected as the study field and all the adult population were surveyed using a questionnaire to collect social demographic data and information on infection-related factors.Results A total of 2 290 adults were investigated and data showed as follows:the average HIV infection rate as 7.9％,the average HBV infection rate as 3.1％,and the average HIV/HBV co-infection rate as 1.2％.As for HIV infection,people whose yearly family gross income between 1 000 and 3 000 Yuan (OR=0.28) or more than 5 000 Yuan (OR=0.14) were less likely to be infected with HIV than those people whose annual family gross income less than 1 000 Yuan.People with educational level of primary school and above were more likely to carry HIV than those who were illiterate (OR =3.28).People who had the history of migration were less likely to carry HIV than those who had not (OR=0.33).People who had the history of being drug abusers were more likely to infect HIV than those who had not (OR=46.32).People whose spouses had the history of using drugs were more likely to infect HIV than those who had not (OR=3.52).People whose spouses had been infected with HIV were more likely to infect HIV than those who had not (OR=9.56).As for HBV infection,people who had the history of migration were more likely to infect HBV (OR =2.48).As for HIV/HBV co-infection,people whose spouses had the history of HIV infection were more likely to infect HIV/HBV co-infection than others who did not have the history (OR=6.04).Conclusion There had been a serious HIV/AIDS epidemic in our study field.Other than taking measures as detection and vaccination on HBV,health education should be strengthened,together with measurements as needle exchange and methadone substitution therapy,to control the spread of AIDS.