CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解我国7省市城区支气管扩张症的患病状况及危险因素.方法本研究为横断面调查.采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,在北京市、上海市、广东省、辽宁省、天津市、重庆市和陕西省各抽取一个城市街道作为调查点,对≥40岁的人群进行问卷调查和肺功能检测,询问既往是否被医生诊断过支气管扩张症、是否有呼吸症状及可能的危险因素等.结果全国7省市城区共抽样≥40岁的居民14 337人,完成有效调查10 811人,调查应答率为75.4％.1.2％ (135/10 811)的≥40岁居民曾诊断患有支气管扩张症,其中男性为1.5％ (65/4382),女性为1.1％(70/6429),男女间差异无统计学意义(P =0.070)；支气管扩张症患病随年龄增加而增多；各地区间支气管患病情况差异无统计学意义(P =0.103),经多因素logistic逐步回归分析校正混杂因素后,各地区间的支气管扩张症的患病情况差异有统计学意义(Wald值为22.116,P=0.001)；多因素logistic逐步回归分析还显示,年龄越大、有呼吸疾病家族史、有儿童时期呼吸道感染史、燃煤暴露、既往患慢性咽炎、肺结核、心脏病和肺癌与支气管扩张症相关；儿童时期感染≥2种呼吸道疾病的人群、家族中≥2人患呼吸疾病的人群患支气管扩张症的相对危险度增加.结论我国城区≥40岁人群支气管扩张症患病多,其患病与年龄、有呼吸疾病家族史、有儿童时期呼吸道感染史、燃煤暴露、既往患慢性咽炎、肺结核、心脏病和肺癌等因素有关.
목적 료해아국7성시성구지기관확장증적환병상황급위험인소.방법 본연구위횡단면조사.채용다계단정군수궤추양방법,재북경시、상해시、광동성、요녕성、천진시、중경시화합서성각추취일개성시가도작위조사점,대≥40세적인군진행문권조사화폐공능검측,순문기왕시부피의생진단과지기관확장증、시부유호흡증상급가능적위험인소등.결과 전국7성시성구공추양≥40세적거민14 337인,완성유효조사10 811인,조사응답솔위75.4％.1.2％ (135/10 811)적≥40세거민증진단환유지기관확장증,기중남성위1.5％ (65/4382),녀성위1.1％(70/6429),남녀간차이무통계학의의(P =0.070)；지기관확장증환병수년령증가이증다；각지구간지기관환병정황차이무통계학의의(P =0.103),경다인소logistic축보회귀분석교정혼잡인소후,각지구간적지기관확장증적환병정황차이유통계학의의(Wald치위22.116,P=0.001)；다인소logistic축보회귀분석환현시,년령월대、유호흡질병가족사、유인동시기호흡도감염사、연매폭로、기왕환만성인염、폐결핵、심장병화폐암여지기관확장증상관；인동시기감염≥2충호흡도질병적인군、가족중≥2인환호흡질병적인군환지기관확장증적상대위험도증가.결론 아국성구≥40세인군지기관확장증환병다,기환병여년령、유호흡질병가족사、유인동시기호흡도감염사、연매폭로、기왕환만성인염、폐결핵、심장병화폐암등인소유관.
Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of bronchiectasis in urban city of China.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 17 urban areas in Beijing,Shanghai,Tianjin,Chongqing cities,and Guangdong,Liaoning,Shaanxi provinces.In this study,urban populationbased cluster samples were randomly seleeted from each city/province.In the selected city communities,all residents at least 40 years old were recruited,interviewed with questionnaires and tested with spirometry.Each participant was asked whether he/she was ever diagnosed as bronchiectasis by physician,whether had symptoms of respiratory diseases and possible risk factors,etc.Results Data of 10 811 participants was enrolled for analysis,with a response rate of 75.4％ (10 811/14 337).The overall prevalence of physiciandiagnosed bronchieetasis was 1.2％ (135/10 811),with 1.5％ (65/4382) in male and 1.1％ (70/6429)in female,without statistical difference in gender (x2 =3.289,P =0.070).Prevalence of bronchiectasis increased with age (x2 =31.029,P ＜0.001).There were no statistical significances in crude prevalences of bronchieetasis among cities (x2 =10.572,P =0.103),while there was a significant difference among cities after adjustment with confounders (Wald value =22.116,P =0.001),by using logistic regression analysis.Logistic regression analysis showed,bronchiectasis was significantly associated with elder (≥ 70years vs 40-49 years ; OR =4.11,95％ CI 2.29-7.36),the family history of respiratory diseases (having two subjects with respiratory diseases in family vs no suffered relatives; OR =2.04,95％ CI 1.06-3.94),respiratory infection during childhood (suffering two kinds of respiratory diseases vs never; OR =4.89,95％ CI 2.03-11.81),exposure to coal (OR =2.30,95 ％ CI 1.17-4.52),chronic pharyngitis (OR =3.96,95％ CI 1.38-11.40) and pulmonary tuberculosis (OR =3.07,95 ％ CI 1.89-4.98),heart diseases (OR =1.64,95％ CI 1.11-2.42) and lung cancer(OR =18.61,95％ CI 7.67-45.18).Conclusion The prevalence of bronehiectasis in population aged 40 years old and above in urban area in China is high and associated with multiple factors such as age,family history of respiratory diseases,respiratory infection during childhood,exposure to coal,chronic pharyngitis,pulmonary tuberculosis,heart diseases,lung cancer and so on.