中华物理医学与康复杂志
中華物理醫學與康複雜誌
중화물리의학여강복잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
2014年
3期
204-209
,共6页
不均匀躯干姿势%表面肌电%生物力学%持重%脊柱旋转
不均勻軀榦姿勢%錶麵肌電%生物力學%持重%脊柱鏇轉
불균균구간자세%표면기전%생물역학%지중%척주선전
Trunk posture%Surface electromyography%Biomechanics%Load carrying%Spine rotation
目的 观察脊柱旋转下不同非均匀姿势和持重时躯干肌的表面肌电活动规律.方法 选取正常健康成年男性10名,每名受试者以足底顺时针方向(0°、45°、90°、135°、180°)依次旋转站立,右手在0°位置抓住手柄负重,除0°位置外,受试者均为单纯侧屈姿态.每个测试位置均由带脊柱旋转的3个非均匀姿势组成,即直立位、左侧及右侧伸屈位.测试时,采用VICON三维拍摄测试系统观察躯干角的三维角度运动轨迹,利用表面肌电图仪记录受试者双侧腹直肌(RA)、腹外斜肌(EO)、竖脊肌(ES)、多裂肌(LM)、臀中肌(GM)的肌电变化.结果 不持重0°足位下,双侧RA、EO、ES、LM 、GM的最大自主静态收缩值(MVC)百分比为1％～2％;持重20 kg时,MVC％增高至3％ ～13％.不持重45°足位下,双侧各躯干肌的MVC％值在2％～18％之间;持重20 kg时,除RA外,左侧各肌肉的肌电活动均较右侧活跃.不持重90°、135°及180°足位下,双侧各肌肉的肌电活动均有不同程度变化,少数情况下还伴随有其它肌肉的活跃肌电现象,多见于LM,其次为ES;持重20 kg时,任一姿势下双侧腹肌的肌电活动均均减少,但是背侧肌均增高.45°直立位和135°左侧前屈位不持重情况下,受试者腰部闪动次数显著增多,与负重20 kg下同一姿势比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 脊柱旋转下,双侧躯干肌可产生不均匀的活跃肌电活动,以对抗其不均匀受力状况,所产生的腰部闪动现象可能是急性腰扭伤的病理基础之一.
目的 觀察脊柱鏇轉下不同非均勻姿勢和持重時軀榦肌的錶麵肌電活動規律.方法 選取正常健康成年男性10名,每名受試者以足底順時針方嚮(0°、45°、90°、135°、180°)依次鏇轉站立,右手在0°位置抓住手柄負重,除0°位置外,受試者均為單純側屈姿態.每箇測試位置均由帶脊柱鏇轉的3箇非均勻姿勢組成,即直立位、左側及右側伸屈位.測試時,採用VICON三維拍攝測試繫統觀察軀榦角的三維角度運動軌跡,利用錶麵肌電圖儀記錄受試者雙側腹直肌(RA)、腹外斜肌(EO)、豎脊肌(ES)、多裂肌(LM)、臀中肌(GM)的肌電變化.結果 不持重0°足位下,雙側RA、EO、ES、LM 、GM的最大自主靜態收縮值(MVC)百分比為1％～2％;持重20 kg時,MVC％增高至3％ ～13％.不持重45°足位下,雙側各軀榦肌的MVC％值在2％～18％之間;持重20 kg時,除RA外,左側各肌肉的肌電活動均較右側活躍.不持重90°、135°及180°足位下,雙側各肌肉的肌電活動均有不同程度變化,少數情況下還伴隨有其它肌肉的活躍肌電現象,多見于LM,其次為ES;持重20 kg時,任一姿勢下雙側腹肌的肌電活動均均減少,但是揹側肌均增高.45°直立位和135°左側前屈位不持重情況下,受試者腰部閃動次數顯著增多,與負重20 kg下同一姿勢比較,差異有統計學意義(P＜0.05).結論 脊柱鏇轉下,雙側軀榦肌可產生不均勻的活躍肌電活動,以對抗其不均勻受力狀況,所產生的腰部閃動現象可能是急性腰扭傷的病理基礎之一.
목적 관찰척주선전하불동비균균자세화지중시구간기적표면기전활동규률.방법 선취정상건강성년남성10명,매명수시자이족저순시침방향(0°、45°、90°、135°、180°)의차선전참립,우수재0°위치조주수병부중,제0°위치외,수시자균위단순측굴자태.매개측시위치균유대척주선전적3개비균균자세조성,즉직립위、좌측급우측신굴위.측시시,채용VICON삼유박섭측시계통관찰구간각적삼유각도운동궤적,이용표면기전도의기록수시자쌍측복직기(RA)、복외사기(EO)、수척기(ES)、다렬기(LM)、둔중기(GM)적기전변화.결과 불지중0°족위하,쌍측RA、EO、ES、LM 、GM적최대자주정태수축치(MVC)백분비위1％～2％;지중20 kg시,MVC％증고지3％ ～13％.불지중45°족위하,쌍측각구간기적MVC％치재2％～18％지간;지중20 kg시,제RA외,좌측각기육적기전활동균교우측활약.불지중90°、135°급180°족위하,쌍측각기육적기전활동균유불동정도변화,소수정황하환반수유기타기육적활약기전현상,다견우LM,기차위ES;지중20 kg시,임일자세하쌍측복기적기전활동균균감소,단시배측기균증고.45°직립위화135°좌측전굴위불지중정황하,수시자요부섬동차수현저증다,여부중20 kg하동일자세비교,차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05).결론 척주선전하,쌍측구간기가산생불균균적활약기전활동,이대항기불균균수력상황,소산생적요부섬동현상가능시급성요뉴상적병리기출지일.
Objective To observe the activation patterns in surface electromyographs (sEMGs) of the lumbar dorsal and ventral muscles and the gluteus medius during asymmetrical trunk postures and while carrying loads with the trunk rotated.Methods sEMGs were recorded from ten healthy men as they stood with their feet in 5 positions-rotated clockwise 0°,45°,90°,135° and 180° with respect to the initial plane of the torso.With each foot position they stood in 3 postures:upright,in lateral flexion and in lateral extension.Each posture was recorded with and without carrying a load of 20 kg by the right hand.The EMG activities of the rectus abdominis (RA),obliquus externus abdominis (EO),erector spinae (ES),multifidus (LM) and gluteus medius (GM) on both sides were recorded.Trunk displacement was monitored by 8 cameras.The EMG data of each muscle were normalized with readings from a maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of the muscle.Results With the feet at 0° and no load the muscle activities on both sides were 1％-2％ of the MVC readings.With a 20 kg load the percentage was 3％-13％.With the feet at 45° and no load the activities were greater,except in the RA on the contralateral side.With no load at 90°,135° and 180° the muscle activities were greater,but a few muscles in the two extreme trunk postures showed greater activity only on one side,especially the ES and LM.With a load and rotational torque in the spine,the ventral muscles were less active but the dorsal muscles were significantly more active on both sides.Conclusion Standing with rotation of the spine,the activity of some trunk muscles shows great asymmetry,particularly with asymmetric loading of the arms.This might create a phenomenon of lumbar flashing and it could possibly be one of the pathological bases of acute lumbar sprain.
