CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查中国4个城市中小学生饮水量,为制定中国中小学生饮水参考摄人量标准提供科学依据.方法采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,于201 1年9-10月在北京、上海、广州、成都抽取了5914名中小学生,完成调查5868名.采用连续7d24h的饮水记录法,调查研究对象每次饮水量等信息.分析比较不同城市、城乡、性别、年龄段中小学生的饮水量.结果中国4个城市中小学生每天的饮水量为(1089±540) ml;北京、上海、成都、广州分别为(1165 ±549)、(1126 ±544)、(866±421)、(1185±568)ml,各城市之间的差异有统计学意义(F=114.28,P＜0.05)；男生每天饮水量[(1157±575)ml]高于女生[(1026±498)ml] (Z=8.88,P＜0.05)；城区[(1185±578) ml]高于农村[(991±480)ml] (Z=13.94,P＜0.05)；7～ 10、11 ～13和14 ～ 17岁3个年龄段中小学生的饮水量依次增加,分别为(953±483)、(1134±551)和(1170±557) ml,差异有统计学意义(x2=91.53,P＜0.05).结论在中国4个城市中,不同城市、城乡、性别、年龄中小学生的饮水量存在差别.
목적 조사중국4개성시중소학생음수량,위제정중국중소학생음수삼고섭인량표준제공과학의거.방법 채용다계단수궤추양적방법,우201 1년9-10월재북경、상해、엄주、성도추취료5914명중소학생,완성조사5868명.채용련속7d24h적음수기록법,조사연구대상매차음수량등신식.분석비교불동성시、성향、성별、년령단중소학생적음수량.결과 중국4개성시중소학생매천적음수량위(1089±540) ml;북경、상해、성도、엄주분별위(1165 ±549)、(1126 ±544)、(866±421)、(1185±568)ml,각성시지간적차이유통계학의의(F=114.28,P＜0.05)；남생매천음수량[(1157±575)ml]고우녀생[(1026±498)ml] (Z=8.88,P＜0.05)；성구[(1185±578) ml]고우농촌[(991±480)ml] (Z=13.94,P＜0.05)；7～ 10、11 ～13화14 ～ 17세3개년령단중소학생적음수량의차증가,분별위(953±483)、(1134±551)화(1170±557) ml,차이유통계학의의(x2=91.53,P＜0.05).결론 재중국4개성시중,불동성시、성향、성별、년령중소학생적음수량존재차별.
Objective To investigate total intake of drinking water of primary and middle school students in four cities of China,and to provide scientific evidence for developing standard of intake of drinking water for primary and middle school students in China.Methods A total of 5914 primary and middle school students were selected from Beijing,Shanghai,Chengdu and Guangzhou using multi-stage random sampling method and 5868 subjects completed the survey.The information on the amounts of daily drinking water was recorded for seven consecutive days using a 24 hour measurement.The amounts of daily drinking water among different cities and ages and between boys and girls or urban and rural were analyzed.Results The average daily total drinking water of subjects was (1089 ± 540)ml,with significant differences among the four cities ((1165 ± 549),(1126 ± 544),(866 ± 421),(1185 ± 568) ml in Beijing,Shanghai,Chengdu and Guangzhou,respectively; F =114.28,P ＜ 0.05).The average daily drinking water was significantly higher in boys (1157 ± 575) ml than in girls (1026 ±498) ml (Z =8.88,P ＜0.05),and in urban (1185 ± 578) ml than in rural (991 ± 480) ml (Z =13.94,P ＜ 0.05).The difference among different ages was statistically significant (F =91.53,P ＜ 0.05) with ascending order in 7-10,11-13 and 14-17 years old ((953 ± 483),(1134 ± 551) and (1170 ± 557) ml respectively).Conclusion The daily consumption of total drinking water is different in primary and middle school students among different cities,regions,genders and ages.