CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查北京、上海、成都、广州中小学生每天不同时间段的饮水量.方法采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,于2011年9-10月在北京、上海、广州、成都抽取了5914名中小学生,完成调查5868名.采用连续7d24h的饮水记录法,由调查对象利用定量用具详细记录每天8个时间段,上午、下午、晚上,以及就餐时与非就餐时饮水的种类及量,分析不同时间段的水和饮料的饮用量.结果早餐前、早餐时、早餐后、午餐时、午餐后、晚餐时、晚餐后和夜间的饮水量分别为(99±101)、(130±106)、(191±155)、(96±107)、(246±172)、(90±101)、(188±135)、(50±81) ml(F=1679.77,P＜0.01).按照3个时段划分时,上午的饮水量最高[(420±242)ml],依次是下午[(341±199)ml]和晚上[(327±195) ml](F=325.23,P＜0.01)；上午、下午、晚上白水饮用量分别是(270±209)、(250±179)和(224±177) ml(F=84.89,P＜0.01)；饮料的饮用量在上午[(151±133) ml]最高,其次是晚上[(103±122) ml],下午[(91±199) ml]最低(F=373.56,P＜0.01).就餐时与非就餐时的饮水量分别为(316±247)、(773±445)ml(Z=65.2,P＜0.01).非就餐时,白水饮用量[(579±408) ml]高于饮料[(194±204) ml](Z=64.5,P＜0.01)；就餐时,白水[(165±194)ml]和饮料[(151±152)ml]之间的差异无统计学意义(Z=0.59,P=0.56).结论中国4个城市中小学生每天不同时段的饮水量差别较大.
목적 조사북경、상해、성도、엄주중소학생매천불동시간단적음수량.방법 채용다계단수궤추양적방법,우2011년9-10월재북경、상해、엄주、성도추취료5914명중소학생,완성조사5868명.채용련속7d24h적음수기록법,유조사대상이용정량용구상세기록매천8개시간단,상오、하오、만상,이급취찬시여비취찬시음수적충류급량,분석불동시간단적수화음료적음용량.결과 조찬전、조찬시、조찬후、오찬시、오찬후、만찬시、만찬후화야간적음수량분별위(99±101)、(130±106)、(191±155)、(96±107)、(246±172)、(90±101)、(188±135)、(50±81) ml(F=1679.77,P＜0.01).안조3개시단화분시,상오적음수량최고[(420±242)ml],의차시하오[(341±199)ml]화만상[(327±195) ml](F=325.23,P＜0.01)；상오、하오、만상백수음용량분별시(270±209)、(250±179)화(224±177) ml(F=84.89,P＜0.01)；음료적음용량재상오[(151±133) ml]최고,기차시만상[(103±122) ml],하오[(91±199) ml]최저(F=373.56,P＜0.01).취찬시여비취찬시적음수량분별위(316±247)、(773±445)ml(Z=65.2,P＜0.01).비취찬시,백수음용량[(579±408) ml]고우음료[(194±204) ml](Z=64.5,P＜0.01)；취찬시,백수[(165±194)ml]화음료[(151±152)ml]지간적차이무통계학의의(Z=0.59,P=0.56).결론 중국4개성시중소학생매천불동시단적음수량차별교대.
Objective To investigate intake of water in different periods of a day of primary and middle school students in Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou and Chengdu of China.Methods A total of 5914 primary and middle school students from Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou and Chengdu were recruited using multiple-stage random sampling method from September to October 2011.Among them,5868 students completed the survey.The information of amounts and types of drinking in 8 time periods,morning,afternoon,night as well as in meal and non-meal time in 24 hours of a day was recorded by subjects for seven consecutive days using a quantitative measurement.This information was analyzed by different periods.Results The amount of drinking water among 8 periods of a day was (99 ± 101),(130 ± 106),(191 ± 155),(96 ± 107),(246 ± 172),(90 ± 101),(188 ± 135)and(50 ± 81) ml,respectively for before breakfast,during breakfast,after breakfast,during lunch,after lunch,during dinner,after dinner,and midnight (F=1679.77,P ＜0.01).Based on three periods of a day,the amount of drinking water in the morning (420 ± 242) ml was the statistically significantly most,followed by afternoon (341 ± 199) ml,and the least in the evening (327 ± 195) ml(F =325.23,P ＜ 0.01).The distribution trend of plain water in three periods was the same as total drinking water,with (270 ± 209),(250 ± 179) and (224 ± 177) ml,respectively (F =84.89,P ＜0.01); but beverage consumption was the most in the morning(151 ±133) ml,then in the evening (103 ± 122) ml,and the least in the afternoon (91 ± 199) ml (F =373.56,P ＜ 0.01).The daily plain water consumption in meal time was (316 ± 247)ml,while it in non-meal time was (773 ± 445)ml with statistically significant difference (Z =65.2,P ＜ 0.01).There was no significant difference in meal time between plain water(165 ± 194) ml and beverage (151 ± 152) ml (Z =0.59,P =0.56) whilst plain water (579 ±408) ml in non-meal time was significantly higher than beverages (194 ± 204)ml(Z =64.5,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The amount of drinking water of primary and middle school students in different periods of a day was different in four cities of China.