CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解北京市朝阳区15岁以下儿童乙型肝炎(简称乙肝)病毒(HBV)感染现状及乙肝疫苗(HepB)接种情况.方法于2010年采用多阶段整群抽样的方法,在北京市朝阳区抽取15岁以下在北京连续居住6个月以上的儿童作为调查对象,共1602名.通过问卷调查研究对象人口学特征、HepB接种情况等内容；每名调查对象采集5 ml静脉血,以雅培微粒子酶免疫测定方法检测HBV表面抗原(HBsAg)、HBV表面抗体(抗-HBs)、HBV核心抗体(抗-HBs)等3项指标,对HBsAg阳性的调查对象增加检测HBV e抗原(HBeAg)和e抗体(抗-HBe),比较不同特征人群各乙肝指标阳性率及疫苗接种率的差异.结果调查对象HBsAg、抗-HBs和抗-HBc阳性率分别为0.56％(9/1602)、64.17％ (1028/1602)和2.12％(34/1602),年龄别标化阳性率分别为0.57％、66.36％和1.98％,性别标化阳性率分别为0.56％、64.23％和2.12％.各年龄组抗-HBs阳性率差异有统计学意义(x2=165.445,P =0.000),1～2岁组抗-HBs阳性率最高[90.73％ (235/259)],其他依次为13～15岁组[76.22％(141/185)]、3～4岁组[67.21％ (166/247)]、9～ 10岁组[61.22％(150/245)]、11 ～12岁组[60.68％ (142/234)]、5～6岁组[49.05％ (103/210)]、7～8岁组[40.99％ (91/222)].调查对象HepB接种率为90.44％ (1371/1516),北京户籍和外地户籍儿童HepB接种率分别为93.76％ (661/705)和87.55％ (710/811),差异有统计学意义(x2=16.829,P=0.000).结论北京市朝阳区15岁以下儿童HBsAg阳性率已降低至1％以下,HepB接种率达到90％以上,下一步应重点提高15岁以下流动儿童HepB接种率.
목적 료해북경시조양구15세이하인동을형간염(간칭을간)병독(HBV)감염현상급을간역묘(HepB)접충정황.방법 우2010년채용다계단정군추양적방법,재북경시조양구추취15세이하재북경련속거주6개월이상적인동작위조사대상,공1602명.통과문권조사연구대상인구학특정、HepB접충정황등내용；매명조사대상채집5 ml정맥혈,이아배미입자매면역측정방법검측HBV표면항원(HBsAg)、HBV표면항체(항-HBs)、HBV핵심항체(항-HBs)등3항지표,대HBsAg양성적조사대상증가검측HBV e항원(HBeAg)화e항체(항-HBe),비교불동특정인군각을간지표양성솔급역묘접충솔적차이.결과 조사대상HBsAg、항-HBs화항-HBc양성솔분별위0.56％(9/1602)、64.17％ (1028/1602)화2.12％(34/1602),년령별표화양성솔분별위0.57％、66.36％화1.98％,성별표화양성솔분별위0.56％、64.23％화2.12％.각년령조항-HBs양성솔차이유통계학의의(x2=165.445,P =0.000),1～2세조항-HBs양성솔최고[90.73％ (235/259)],기타의차위13～15세조[76.22％(141/185)]、3～4세조[67.21％ (166/247)]、9～ 10세조[61.22％(150/245)]、11 ～12세조[60.68％ (142/234)]、5～6세조[49.05％ (103/210)]、7～8세조[40.99％ (91/222)].조사대상HepB접충솔위90.44％ (1371/1516),북경호적화외지호적인동HepB접충솔분별위93.76％ (661/705)화87.55％ (710/811),차이유통계학의의(x2=16.829,P=0.000).결론 북경시조양구15세이하인동HBsAg양성솔이강저지1％이하,HepB접충솔체도90％이상,하일보응중점제고15세이하류동인동HepB접충솔.
Objective To explore seroepidemiological status and vaccine coverage of hepatitis B in children aging under 15 years old in Chaoyang district of Beijing.Methods A total of 1602 children aging under 15 years old,residents or floating population who had lived here more than six months,were randomly selected by multistage cluster sampling,from Chaoyang district of Beijing in year 2010.The demographic information and vaccine coverage of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) were collected by self-designed questionnaire.5 ml blood was collected from each subject and the serum HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HBc were detected by Abbott microparticle enzyme-linked immunoassay.Those whose HBsAg was positive were then tested HBeAg and anti-HBe.The positive rate of hepatitis B indicators and coverage rate of HepB in different population were compared.Results The positive rate of HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HBc were 0.56％ (9/1602),64.17 ％ (1028/1602) and 2.12 ％ (34/1602),respectively ; while the age standardized rates were separately 0.57％,66.36％ and 1.98％ ; and the gender-adjusted rates were 0.56％,64.23％ and 2.12％respectively.The positive rate of anti-HBs was statistically significant (x2 =165.445,P =0.000).The positive rate of anti-HBs was up to 90.73％ (235/259) among 1-2 years old children,followed by 76.22％ (141/185) among 13-15 years old children,67.21％ (166/247) among 3-4 years old children,61.22％(150/245) among 9-l0 years old children,60.68％ (142/234) among 11-12 years old children,49.05％ (103/210) among 5-6 years old children and 40.99％ (91/222) among 7-8 years old children.The average coverage rate of HepB was 90.44％ (1371/1516),separately 93.76％ (661/705) in residents and 87.55％ (719/811) in floating population.The difference was statistically significant (x2 =16.829,P =0.000).Conclusion HBsAg positive rate in children under 15 years old in Chaoyang distirct of Beijing dropped to less than 1％ and the coverage rate of HepB had reached over 90％.It is suggested that we should pay more attention to increase the coverage rate of HepB among floating children under 15 years old.