CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查中国肉鸡养殖和屠宰加工环节沙门菌的污染及抗生素耐药谱分布状况.方法 2010年在河南、江苏、四川和山东省选择5家规模化养殖场和14家屠宰加工厂,分别采用肛拭法和整禽漂洗法检测835份肉鸡活体和744份肉鸡胴体中的沙门菌,比较不同样品沙门菌污染率的差异根据Kauffmann-White表对沙门菌菌株进行血清学鉴定,应用微量肉汤稀释法检测菌株对16种抗生素的耐药分布情况.结果 835份肉鸡活体肛拭样品中有56份检出沙门菌,阳性率为6.7％；744份肉鸡胴体样品中有122份检出沙门菌,阳性率为16.4％,肉鸡胴体沙门菌的检出率高于肉鸡活体(x2=36.94,P＜0.05).肉鸡活体中沙门菌的优势血清型为印第安纳沙门菌和肠炎沙门菌,分别占 58.9％ (33/56)和32.1％ (18/56)；肉鸡胴体中沙门菌的优势血清型与肉鸡活体相同,印第安纳沙门菌和肠炎沙门菌分别占29.8％ (37/124)和32.2％ (40/124).180株沙门菌分离株耐药率高达95.0％ (171/180),多重耐药菌株达78.3％ (141/180),有20株菌耐14种抗生素,占11.1％.结论中国肉鸡生产和加工环节沙门菌污染严重,且屠宰加工环节肉鸡胴体沙门菌的污染率高于生产环节肉鸡活体的污染率；肉鸡中沙门菌耐药形势严峻.
목적 조사중국육계양식화도재가공배절사문균적오염급항생소내약보분포상황.방법 2010년재하남、강소、사천화산동성선택5가규모화양식장화14가도재가공엄,분별채용항식법화정금표세법검측835빈육계활체화744빈육계동체중적사문균,비교불동양품사문균오염솔적차이근거Kauffmann-White표대사문균균주진행혈청학감정,응용미량육탕희석법검측균주대16충항생소적내약분포정황.결과 835빈육계활체항식양품중유56빈검출사문균,양성솔위6.7％；744빈육계동체양품중유122빈검출사문균,양성솔위16.4％,육계동체사문균적검출솔고우육계활체(x2=36.94,P＜0.05).육계활체중사문균적우세혈청형위인제안납사문균화장염사문균,분별점 58.9％ (33/56)화32.1％ (18/56)；육계동체중사문 균적우세혈청형여육계활체상동,인제안납사문균화장염사문 균분별점29.8％ (37/124)화32.2％ (40/124).180주사문균분리주내약솔고체95.0％ (171/180),다중내약균주체78.3％ (141/180),유20주균내14충항생소,점11.1％.결론 중국육계생산화가공배절사문균오염엄중,차도재가공배절육계동체사문균적오염솔고우생산배절육계활체적오염솔；육계중사문균내약형세엄준.
Objective To determine the contamination condition of Salmonella in broiler breeding and slaughter processing in China and to investigate the distribution of antimicrobial resistance profiles.Methods Five large-scale broiler holdings and fourteen slaughterhouses were chosen to detect Salmonella in Henan,Jiangsu,Sichuan and Shandong provinces in 2010.A total of 835 anal swabs and 744 chicken carcasses were sampled to compare the difference of Salmonella contamination rate.Salmonella isolates were identified by serotyping according to Kauffmann-White scheme.The antimicrobial susceptibilities of Salmonella isolates were determined by broth microdilution method and sixteen antimicrobial agents were chosen and examined.Results In total,Salmonella isolates were recovered in 56 (6.7％) specimens among 835 collected anal swabs and 122 (16.4％) specimens among 744 broiler carcasses.Positive rate of Salmonella in broiler carcasses was higher than anal swabs (x2 =36.94,P ＜0.05).The dominant Salmonella serovars isolated from broiler anal swabs were S.enterica serovar Indiana and S.enterica serovar Enteritidis,accounting for 58.9％ (33/56) and 32.1％ (18/56) respectively.The prevalent serovars in broiler carcasses were also the two serovars and occupied 29.8％ (37/124),32.2％ (40/124) respectively.Nearly 95.0％ (171/180) Salmonella isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial,78.3％ (141/180) Salmonella strains were multi-drug resistant isolates and 20 (11.1％)Salmonella isolates were resistant to 14 antimicrobials.Conclusion Our findings indicated that Salmonella contamination was common and serious in commercial broiler production and processing course in China.Salmonella contamination rate in broiler slaughter processing performance was higher than broiler flocks.Additionally,antibiotic resistance of Salmonella was in serious situation.