CAJ | 학술논문

中国老年人群认知功能状况的现况调查
중국노년인군인지공능상황적현황조사
Survey on current status of cognitive function among Chinese elderly people

万方数据

中华预防医学杂志中華預防醫學雜誌 중화예방의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF
2013年 9期 811-815 ,共5页

邓茜%王志会%王丽敏%张梅%黄正京

산천%왕지회%왕려민%장매%황정경

老年人%认知障碍%横断面研究老年人%認知障礙%橫斷麵研究
노년인%인지장애%횡단면연구
Elderly people%Cognitive disorder%Cross-sectional study

目的调查中国老年人群认知功能的状况及其分布特征.方法选取2010年中国慢性病及其危险因素监测项目中所有60岁以上的老年人作为研究对象,共18 137名.应用问卷调查研究对象的年龄、性别等基本情况,以及相关疾病患病情况；对主诉存在记忆力下降的老年人使用简易精神状况检查(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)量表测定其认知功能.对数据经过复杂加权后,比较不同性别、年龄、教育程度、城乡和地区60岁及以上居民的认知功能状况和认知异常患病率.结果最终纳入18 086名研究对象,MMSE得分中位数为23分,男性得分中位数为25分,女性为22分.城市人群得分中位数为25分,农村为22分.60～ 64岁组得分最高,为26分,80岁组最低,为19分,得分随年龄增长而降低；得分随教育程度增加而增加,初中以上人群得分最高,为28分,文盲组最低,为20分.加权后我国60岁以上老年人认知异常患病率为10.12％ (95％ CI:8.22％～12.02％)；女性患病率为12.45％(95％ CI:9.95％～ 14.94％),高于男性的7.68％ (95％ CI:5.94％～9.43％)；60 ～64岁组认知异常患病率最低,为4.69％ (95％CI:3.40％～5.98％),80岁组为22.43％(95％CI:17.80％～27.05％),认知异常患病率随年龄增加而上升(x2=320.02,P＜0.01).文盲组的认知异常患病率为14.6％(95％ CI:12.01％～17.23％),小学和初中以上组患病率为6.92％(95％ CI:5.21％～ 8.64％)和3.99％(95％ CI:2.58％～ 5.40％),患病率随教育程度增加而降低(x2=156.49,P＜0.01)；已婚或同居老年人的认知异常患病率(8.51％,95％ CI:6.58％～ 10.43％)低于单身(9.32％,95％CI:4.00％～14.64％)和离婚或丧偶或分居人群(14.94％,95％CI:12.37％～17.50％)；农村认知异常患病率(12.16％,95％ CI:9.51％～14.82％)高于城市(5.93％,95％ CI:4.78％～ 7.07％)；中部地区(13.57％,95％ CI:8.55％～18.58％)高于东部(7.96％,95％ CI:6.17％～ 9.74％)和西部(9.50％,95％ CI:7.62％～ 11.38％),差异均有统计学意义(x2值分别为:54.55,29.76,8.81,P＜0.05).结论我国60岁以上居民的认知异常患病率随年龄升高而增加,并在不同性别、婚姻状况、教育程度和地区分布上有差异.
목적 조사중국노년인군인지공능적상황급기분포특정.방법 선취2010년중국만성병급기위험인소감측항목중소유60세이상적노년인작위연구대상,공18 137명.응용문권조사연구대상적년령、성별등기본정황,이급상관질병환병정황；대주소존재기억력하강적노년인사용간역정신상황검사(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)량표측정기인지공능.대수거경과복잡가권후,비교불동성별、년령、교육정도、성향화지구60세급이상거민적인지공능상황화인지이상환병솔.결과 최종납입18 086명연구대상,MMSE득분중위수위23분,남성득분중위수위25분,녀성위22분.성시인군득분중위수위25분,농촌위22분.60～ 64세조득분최고,위26분,80세조최저,위19분,득분수년령증장이강저；득분수교육정도증가이증가,초중이상인군득분최고,위28분,문맹조최저,위20분.가권후아국60세이상노년인인지이상환병솔위10.12％ (95％ CI:8.22％～12.02％)；녀성환병솔위12.45％(95％ CI:9.95％～ 14.94％),고우남성적7.68％ (95％ CI:5.94％～9.43％)；60 ～64세조인지이상환병솔최저,위4.69％ (95％CI:3.40％～5.98％),80세조위22.43％(95％CI:17.80％～27.05％),인지이상환병솔수년령증가이상승(x2=320.02,P＜0.01).문맹조적인지이상환병솔위14.6％(95％ CI:12.01％～17.23％),소학화초중이상조환병솔위6.92％(95％ CI:5.21％～ 8.64％)화3.99％(95％ CI:2.58％～ 5.40％),환병솔수교육정도증가이강저(x2=156.49,P＜0.01)；이혼혹동거노년인적인지이상환병솔(8.51％,95％ CI:6.58％～ 10.43％)저우단신(9.32％,95％CI:4.00％～14.64％)화리혼혹상우혹분거인군(14.94％,95％CI:12.37％～17.50％)；농촌인지이상환병솔(12.16％,95％ CI:9.51％～14.82％)고우성시(5.93％,95％ CI:4.78％～ 7.07％)；중부지구(13.57％,95％ CI:8.55％～18.58％)고우동부(7.96％,95％ CI:6.17％～ 9.74％)화서부(9.50％,95％ CI:7.62％～ 11.38％),차이균유통계학의의(x2치분별위:54.55,29.76,8.81,P＜0.05).결론 아국60세이상거민적인지이상환병솔수년령승고이증가,병재불동성별、혼인상황、교육정도화지구분포상유차이.
Objective To investigate the current status and distribution features of cognitive function among the elderly population of China.Methods A total of 18 137 subjects aged over 60 years old from 2010 Chronic Non-communicable Disease & Risk Factor Surveillance in China were selected in this study.Questionnaire was used to collect the information about gender,age and health status.The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was adopted as an instrument to measure the cognitive function of adult who had self-reported memory decline.After performing complex weighted analysis,the current status of cognitive function and the prevalence of cognitive disorder were compared by different genders,age groups,urban/rural and education levels.Results Among the 18 086 subjects,the median of MMSE sore was 23.The score was higher in males (25) than in females (22) and it was higher in urban (25) than in rural area (22).The cognitive function declined with age increasing.The group of people aging 60-64 years old had the highest score (26),and the group of people aging ≥ 80 years old had the lowest score (19).The MMSE score rose up with education level increasing,the group of people with education level above middle school had the highest score (28) and the group of illiterate people had the lowest score (20).The prevalence of overall cognitive disorder was 10.12％ (95％ CI:8.22％-12.02％).The female prevalence (12.45％,95％CI:9.95％-14.94％) was higher than male prevalence (7.68％,95％ CI:5.94％-9.43％).The group of people aged 60-64 years old had the lowest prevalence (4.69％,95％CI:3.40％-5.98％),and the people aged ≥ 80 years old had the highest prevalence (22.43％,95 ％ CI:17.80％-27.05 ％).The prevalence increased with age increasing (x2 =320.02,P ＜ 0.01).The prevalence of cognitive disorder in illiterate group was 14.6％ (95％ CI:12.01％-17.23％),and it was separately 6.92％ (95 ％ CI:5.21％-8.64％)and 3.99 ％ (95 ％ CI:2.58％-5.40％)in group of people with education background of primary school and middle school.The prevalence decreased with education levels increasing (x2 =156.49,P ＜0.01).Married or cohabiting elderly people had the lowest prevalence (8.51％,95％CI:6.58％-10.43％),lower than single ones (9.32％,95％ CI:4.00％-14.64％) and divorced ones (14.89％,95％ CI:12.37％-17.50％).The prevalence of cognitive disorder among rural population (12.16％,95％ CI:9.51％-14.82％) was higher than it among urban population (5.93％,95％CI:4.78％-7.07％).The prevalence in central area (13.57％,95％ CI:8.55％-18.58％) was higher than that in east (7.96％,95％ CI:6.17％-9.74％) and west region (9.50％,95％ CI:7.62％-11.38％) of China.The difference was statistically significant (x2 =54.55,29.76,8.81 respectively,P ＜0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of cognitive disorder among the elderly people over 60 years old was age-related and varied by different gender,marriage status,educational status and the regional distribution.