目的 调查上海市成年人中慢性病相关危险因素行为特征.方法 选取2010年上海市慢性病及其危险因素调查项目中18岁以上的成年人作为研究对象,共15 516名.应用问卷调查研究对象一般信息、吸烟、饮酒、饮食、体育锻炼,以及高血压、糖尿病等主要慢病患病及控制状况等；体检项目包括身高、体重、腰围、血压、血糖、血脂等指标.结果 数据经复杂抽样加权调整,上海市成年人超重率为32.4％(5288名),肥胖率为8.8％(1538名),中心城区和非中心城区超重率分别为32.2％(2506名)和32.5％(2782名)(x2=0.10,P=0.844),肥胖率分别为8.7％(738名)和8.8％(800名)(x2=0.06,P =0.901).男女超重率分别为36.0％(2888名)、28.6％(2400名)(x2=96.61,P＜0.01),肥胖率分别为8.7％(745名)、8.9％(793名)(x2=0.06,P=0.851).腹型肥胖率为44.3％(7419名),男女分别为47.8％(3892名)、40.6％(3527名)(x2=81.23,P＜0.01),中心城区和非中心城区分别为46.5％(3703名)和42.6％(3716名)(x2=24.37,P=0.069).现在吸烟率为25.0％(3813名),经常吸烟率为22.1％(3402名),男女现在吸烟率分别为48.4％(3722名)和1.2％(91名)(x2 =4572.06,P＜0.01)；中心城区和非中心城区现在吸烟率分别为23.6％(1609名)和26.0％(2204名)(x2=11.92,P=0.018).男性中每月至少饮1次酒的比例为39.5％(3102名),非中心城区、中心城区分别为42.7％(1840名)和35.1％(1262名)(x2=45.98,P=0.012);几乎每天饮酒的比例为16.3％(1380名).过量饮酒的比例为28.9％(2483名),45～59岁组为38.5％(1191名)高于其他年龄组[18 ～44岁组22.8％(641名)、≥60岁组22.9％(651名)](x2=241.38,P＜0.01),非中心城区过量饮酒的比例高于中心城区,分别为33.5％(1578名)、22.8％(905名)(x2=117.12,P＜0.01).单次大量饮酒的比例为11.3％(903名),45 ～59岁组为15.3％(461名)高于其他年龄组[18～44岁组9.0％(222名)、≥60岁组8.2％(220名)](x2=78.21,P＜0.01),非中心城区高于中心城区,分别为13.5％(605名)、8.3％(298名)(x2=51.74,P＜0.01).上海市成年人75.0％(11 993名)从不参加体育锻炼.膳食中最突出的问题是乳类及其乳制品摄入不足(98.0％,15 218名)、蔬菜摄入不足(53.0％,7864名)、水果摄入不足(84.6％,13 372名)、食盐(52.0％,8257名)和食用油摄入过多(51.7％,7884名).结论 上海市慢性病危险因素仍高度流行,超重或肥胖、缺乏体育锻炼、吸烟、过量饮酒、不健康饮食各类行为危险因素流行水平呈现非中心城区高于中心城区,青壮年高于老年,男性高于女性的特征.
目的 調查上海市成年人中慢性病相關危險因素行為特徵.方法 選取2010年上海市慢性病及其危險因素調查項目中18歲以上的成年人作為研究對象,共15 516名.應用問捲調查研究對象一般信息、吸煙、飲酒、飲食、體育鍛煉,以及高血壓、糖尿病等主要慢病患病及控製狀況等；體檢項目包括身高、體重、腰圍、血壓、血糖、血脂等指標.結果 數據經複雜抽樣加權調整,上海市成年人超重率為32.4％(5288名),肥胖率為8.8％(1538名),中心城區和非中心城區超重率分彆為32.2％(2506名)和32.5％(2782名)(x2=0.10,P=0.844),肥胖率分彆為8.7％(738名)和8.8％(800名)(x2=0.06,P =0.901).男女超重率分彆為36.0％(2888名)、28.6％(2400名)(x2=96.61,P＜0.01),肥胖率分彆為8.7％(745名)、8.9％(793名)(x2=0.06,P=0.851).腹型肥胖率為44.3％(7419名),男女分彆為47.8％(3892名)、40.6％(3527名)(x2=81.23,P＜0.01),中心城區和非中心城區分彆為46.5％(3703名)和42.6％(3716名)(x2=24.37,P=0.069).現在吸煙率為25.0％(3813名),經常吸煙率為22.1％(3402名),男女現在吸煙率分彆為48.4％(3722名)和1.2％(91名)(x2 =4572.06,P＜0.01)；中心城區和非中心城區現在吸煙率分彆為23.6％(1609名)和26.0％(2204名)(x2=11.92,P=0.018).男性中每月至少飲1次酒的比例為39.5％(3102名),非中心城區、中心城區分彆為42.7％(1840名)和35.1％(1262名)(x2=45.98,P=0.012);幾乎每天飲酒的比例為16.3％(1380名).過量飲酒的比例為28.9％(2483名),45～59歲組為38.5％(1191名)高于其他年齡組[18 ～44歲組22.8％(641名)、≥60歲組22.9％(651名)](x2=241.38,P＜0.01),非中心城區過量飲酒的比例高于中心城區,分彆為33.5％(1578名)、22.8％(905名)(x2=117.12,P＜0.01).單次大量飲酒的比例為11.3％(903名),45 ～59歲組為15.3％(461名)高于其他年齡組[18～44歲組9.0％(222名)、≥60歲組8.2％(220名)](x2=78.21,P＜0.01),非中心城區高于中心城區,分彆為13.5％(605名)、8.3％(298名)(x2=51.74,P＜0.01).上海市成年人75.0％(11 993名)從不參加體育鍛煉.膳食中最突齣的問題是乳類及其乳製品攝入不足(98.0％,15 218名)、蔬菜攝入不足(53.0％,7864名)、水果攝入不足(84.6％,13 372名)、食鹽(52.0％,8257名)和食用油攝入過多(51.7％,7884名).結論 上海市慢性病危險因素仍高度流行,超重或肥胖、缺乏體育鍛煉、吸煙、過量飲酒、不健康飲食各類行為危險因素流行水平呈現非中心城區高于中心城區,青壯年高于老年,男性高于女性的特徵.
목적 조사상해시성년인중만성병상관위험인소행위특정.방법 선취2010년상해시만성병급기위험인소조사항목중18세이상적성년인작위연구대상,공15 516명.응용문권조사연구대상일반신식、흡연、음주、음식、체육단련,이급고혈압、당뇨병등주요만병환병급공제상황등；체검항목포괄신고、체중、요위、혈압、혈당、혈지등지표.결과 수거경복잡추양가권조정,상해시성년인초중솔위32.4％(5288명),비반솔위8.8％(1538명),중심성구화비중심성구초중솔분별위32.2％(2506명)화32.5％(2782명)(x2=0.10,P=0.844),비반솔분별위8.7％(738명)화8.8％(800명)(x2=0.06,P =0.901).남녀초중솔분별위36.0％(2888명)、28.6％(2400명)(x2=96.61,P＜0.01),비반솔분별위8.7％(745명)、8.9％(793명)(x2=0.06,P=0.851).복형비반솔위44.3％(7419명),남녀분별위47.8％(3892명)、40.6％(3527명)(x2=81.23,P＜0.01),중심성구화비중심성구분별위46.5％(3703명)화42.6％(3716명)(x2=24.37,P=0.069).현재흡연솔위25.0％(3813명),경상흡연솔위22.1％(3402명),남녀현재흡연솔분별위48.4％(3722명)화1.2％(91명)(x2 =4572.06,P＜0.01)；중심성구화비중심성구현재흡연솔분별위23.6％(1609명)화26.0％(2204명)(x2=11.92,P=0.018).남성중매월지소음1차주적비례위39.5％(3102명),비중심성구、중심성구분별위42.7％(1840명)화35.1％(1262명)(x2=45.98,P=0.012);궤호매천음주적비례위16.3％(1380명).과량음주적비례위28.9％(2483명),45～59세조위38.5％(1191명)고우기타년령조[18 ～44세조22.8％(641명)、≥60세조22.9％(651명)](x2=241.38,P＜0.01),비중심성구과량음주적비례고우중심성구,분별위33.5％(1578명)、22.8％(905명)(x2=117.12,P＜0.01).단차대량음주적비례위11.3％(903명),45 ～59세조위15.3％(461명)고우기타년령조[18～44세조9.0％(222명)、≥60세조8.2％(220명)](x2=78.21,P＜0.01),비중심성구고우중심성구,분별위13.5％(605명)、8.3％(298명)(x2=51.74,P＜0.01).상해시성년인75.0％(11 993명)종불삼가체육단련.선식중최돌출적문제시유류급기유제품섭입불족(98.0％,15 218명)、소채섭입불족(53.0％,7864명)、수과섭입불족(84.6％,13 372명)、식염(52.0％,8257명)화식용유섭입과다(51.7％,7884명).결론 상해시만성병위험인소잉고도류행,초중혹비반、결핍체육단련、흡연、과량음주、불건강음식각류행위위험인소류행수평정현비중심성구고우중심성구,청장년고우노년,남성고우녀성적특정.
Objective To investigate the risk factors and behavior features related to chronic diseases among adults in Shanghai.Methods A total of 15 516 subjects aged over 18 years old were selected from the investigation project on chronic diseases and relevant risk factors in Shanghai in 2010.Questionnaire were used to investigate the general information of the subjects,such as behavior features as smoking,drinking,diet,physical activity as well as the prevalence and control of chronic diseases as hypertension and diabetes.The physical examination included height,weight,waist circumference,blood pressure,blood glucose and blood lipids.Results Being preprocessed by complex weighting method,the data showed that the overweight rate of Shanghai adults aged above 18 was 32.4％ (5288),separately 32.2％ (2506) and 32.5％ (2782) (x2 =0.10,P =0.844) in urban and rural areas; the obesity rate was 8.8％ (1538),separately 8.7％ (738) and 8.8％ (800) (x2 =0.06,P =0.901) in urban and rural areas.The overweight rate was separately 36.0％ (2888) in males and 28.6％ (2400) in females (x2 =96.61,P＜0.01); while the obesity rate was separately 8.7％ (745) in males and 8.9％ (793) in females (x2 =0.06,P =0.851).Abdominal obesity rate was 44.3％ (7419),separately 47.8％ (3892) in males and40.6％ (3527) in females (x2 =81.23,P＜0.01),46.5％ (3703) in urban areas and 42.6％ (3716) in rural areas (x2 =24.37,P =0.069).Current smoking rate was 25.0％ (3813),separately 48.4％ (3722) and 1.2％ (91) in males and females (x2-4572.06,P ＜0.01); 23.6％ (1609) and 26.0％ (2204) in urban and rural areas (x2 =11.92,P =0.018).The regular smoking rate was 22.1％ (3402).The rate of having the habit of drinking at least once a month in males was 39.5％ (3102),separately 35.1％ (1262) and 42.7％ (1840) in urban and rural areas (x2 =45.98,P =0.012).The rate of drinking almost every day was 16.3％ (1380),and the percentage of excessive alcohol consumption was 28.9％ (2483).The percentage in group of subjects aging between 45-59 years old was 38.5％ (1191),which was higher than that in any other groups (22.8％ (641) in group aging 18-44 years old and 22.9％ (651) in group aging ≥60 years old) (x2 =241.38,P ＜0.01).The percentage of over-drinking in rural area was higher than that in urban area,which was 33.5％ (1578) and 22.8％ (905) respectively (x2 =117.12,P ＜ 0.01).The percentage of once over-drinking was 11.3％ (903).It was higher in group aging between 45-49 years old (15.3％ (461)) than in other groups (9.0％ (222) in group aging 18-44 years old and 8.2％ (220) in group aging ≥60 years old) (x2 =78.21,P ＜ 0.01).It was also higher in rural area (13.5％ (605)) than in urban area (8.3％ (298)) (x2 =51.74,P ＜0.01).There were 75.0％ (11 993) of the Shanghai adults never took physical activity.And the most important problems in dietary habit were insufficient intake of dairy products (98.0％,15 218),vegetables (53.0％,7864) and fruits (84.6％,13 372),excess consumption of sodium (52.0％,8257) and oil (51.7％,7884).Conclusion The risk factors of chronic diseases were highly prevalent in Shanghai.The prevalence of risk factors as overweight or obesity,lack of physical activity,smoking,over-drinking and unhealthy dietary habits were higher among adults living in suburban areas than those living in urban areas;the prevalence was also higher among the young adults than that among the elderly people,higher amongmales than that among females.
