目的 了解2010年中国成年人自评健康状况.方法 调查对象来自于2010年中国慢性病及其危险因素监测人群,选取人口统计学指标及自评健康状况等信息完整的98 638名18岁以上常住居民作为研究对象.收集其人口统计学指标、居民自评健康状况及过去30 d因疾病、伤害、心理和情绪问题影响健康的天数.采用复杂加权,计算调查对象不同特征各健康状况的率及其95％CI值,率的比较采用Rao-scott x2检验.结果 经复杂加权后,调查对象的健康状况为非常好或好、一般、差或非常差的比例分别为57.5％ (95％CI:55.5％ ～59.5％)、36.2％(95％ CI:34.5％ ～37.8％)、6.3％ (95％ CI:5.7％ ～6.9％),在不同年龄组和性别间差异有统计学意义(x2值分别为1179.88、85.36,P值均＜0.05),其中差或非常差的比例随年龄的增加呈升高趋势,18～24岁组最低,为2.0％ (95％ CI:1.5％～2.4％),≥75岁组最高,为14.9％(95％ CI:12.6％ ～ 17.2％);女性[7.2％(95％CI:6.5％～7.9％)]高于男性[5.4％(95％CI:4.9％～5.9％)].过去30 d影响健康的疾病率为18.5％ (95％ CI:17.1％ ～19.8％),随年龄增加呈升高趋势(x2=211.99,P＜0.01),25 ～34岁组最低,为15.4％(95％ CI:13.7％ ～ 17.0％),≥75岁组最高,为28.3％ (95％ CI:24.9％ ～31.6％);女性[21.1％(95％CI:19.5％ ～22.6％)]高于男性[15.9％(95％CI:14.6％ ～ 17.3％)] (x2 =231.81,P＜0.01);东、中、西部分别为17.4％ (95％ CI:15.3％ ～ 19.5％)、17.2％(95％CI:14.7％ ～ 19.6％)、21.5％ (95％ CI:18.7％ ～ 24.4％),差异有统计学意义(x2=6.75,P＜0.01);伤害率为2.7％(95％CI:2.3％～3.2％),随年龄增加呈下降趋势(x2=25.54,P＜0.01),18 ～ 24岁组最高,为3.8％(95％CI:2.6％～5.0％),35 ～44岁组最低,为2.3％ (95％ CI:1.8％～2.7％);男性[3.0％(95％CI:2.4％～3.5％)]高于女性[2.5％(95％CI:2.1％～2.9％)](x2 =8.89,P＜0.01);东、中、西部分别为2.3％ (95％ CI:1.9％ ～ 2.7％)、2.1％(95％CI:1.7％～2.4％)、4.1％ (95％ CI:2.6％ ～5.6％),差异有统计学意义(x2 =16.26,P ＜0.01);心理和情绪问题率为10.0％ (95％ CI:8.8％ ～11.3％),随年龄增加呈下降趋势(x2 =92.14,P＜0.01),18 ～24岁组最高,为12.9％(95％CI:10.6％ ～ 15.2％),≥75岁组最低,为5.7％ (95％ CI:4.4％ ～7.0％);女性[10.8％ (95％ CI:9.5％ ～12.1％)]高于男性[9.2％ (95％ CI:7.9％ ～10.5％)](x2=21.59,P＜0.01).结论 2010年中国成年人自评健康状况较好,但仍存在年龄、性别和地域差异,这些差异在公共卫生政策制定和资源利用时应予以充分考虑.
目的 瞭解2010年中國成年人自評健康狀況.方法 調查對象來自于2010年中國慢性病及其危險因素鑑測人群,選取人口統計學指標及自評健康狀況等信息完整的98 638名18歲以上常住居民作為研究對象.收集其人口統計學指標、居民自評健康狀況及過去30 d因疾病、傷害、心理和情緒問題影響健康的天數.採用複雜加權,計算調查對象不同特徵各健康狀況的率及其95％CI值,率的比較採用Rao-scott x2檢驗.結果 經複雜加權後,調查對象的健康狀況為非常好或好、一般、差或非常差的比例分彆為57.5％ (95％CI:55.5％ ～59.5％)、36.2％(95％ CI:34.5％ ～37.8％)、6.3％ (95％ CI:5.7％ ～6.9％),在不同年齡組和性彆間差異有統計學意義(x2值分彆為1179.88、85.36,P值均＜0.05),其中差或非常差的比例隨年齡的增加呈升高趨勢,18～24歲組最低,為2.0％ (95％ CI:1.5％～2.4％),≥75歲組最高,為14.9％(95％ CI:12.6％ ～ 17.2％);女性[7.2％(95％CI:6.5％～7.9％)]高于男性[5.4％(95％CI:4.9％～5.9％)].過去30 d影響健康的疾病率為18.5％ (95％ CI:17.1％ ～19.8％),隨年齡增加呈升高趨勢(x2=211.99,P＜0.01),25 ～34歲組最低,為15.4％(95％ CI:13.7％ ～ 17.0％),≥75歲組最高,為28.3％ (95％ CI:24.9％ ～31.6％);女性[21.1％(95％CI:19.5％ ～22.6％)]高于男性[15.9％(95％CI:14.6％ ～ 17.3％)] (x2 =231.81,P＜0.01);東、中、西部分彆為17.4％ (95％ CI:15.3％ ～ 19.5％)、17.2％(95％CI:14.7％ ～ 19.6％)、21.5％ (95％ CI:18.7％ ～ 24.4％),差異有統計學意義(x2=6.75,P＜0.01);傷害率為2.7％(95％CI:2.3％～3.2％),隨年齡增加呈下降趨勢(x2=25.54,P＜0.01),18 ～ 24歲組最高,為3.8％(95％CI:2.6％～5.0％),35 ～44歲組最低,為2.3％ (95％ CI:1.8％～2.7％);男性[3.0％(95％CI:2.4％～3.5％)]高于女性[2.5％(95％CI:2.1％～2.9％)](x2 =8.89,P＜0.01);東、中、西部分彆為2.3％ (95％ CI:1.9％ ～ 2.7％)、2.1％(95％CI:1.7％～2.4％)、4.1％ (95％ CI:2.6％ ～5.6％),差異有統計學意義(x2 =16.26,P ＜0.01);心理和情緒問題率為10.0％ (95％ CI:8.8％ ～11.3％),隨年齡增加呈下降趨勢(x2 =92.14,P＜0.01),18 ～24歲組最高,為12.9％(95％CI:10.6％ ～ 15.2％),≥75歲組最低,為5.7％ (95％ CI:4.4％ ～7.0％);女性[10.8％ (95％ CI:9.5％ ～12.1％)]高于男性[9.2％ (95％ CI:7.9％ ～10.5％)](x2=21.59,P＜0.01).結論 2010年中國成年人自評健康狀況較好,但仍存在年齡、性彆和地域差異,這些差異在公共衛生政策製定和資源利用時應予以充分攷慮.
목적 료해2010년중국성년인자평건강상황.방법 조사대상래자우2010년중국만성병급기위험인소감측인군,선취인구통계학지표급자평건강상황등신식완정적98 638명18세이상상주거민작위연구대상.수집기인구통계학지표、거민자평건강상황급과거30 d인질병、상해、심리화정서문제영향건강적천수.채용복잡가권,계산조사대상불동특정각건강상황적솔급기95％CI치,솔적비교채용Rao-scott x2검험.결과 경복잡가권후,조사대상적건강상황위비상호혹호、일반、차혹비상차적비례분별위57.5％ (95％CI:55.5％ ～59.5％)、36.2％(95％ CI:34.5％ ～37.8％)、6.3％ (95％ CI:5.7％ ～6.9％),재불동년령조화성별간차이유통계학의의(x2치분별위1179.88、85.36,P치균＜0.05),기중차혹비상차적비례수년령적증가정승고추세,18～24세조최저,위2.0％ (95％ CI:1.5％～2.4％),≥75세조최고,위14.9％(95％ CI:12.6％ ～ 17.2％);녀성[7.2％(95％CI:6.5％～7.9％)]고우남성[5.4％(95％CI:4.9％～5.9％)].과거30 d영향건강적질병솔위18.5％ (95％ CI:17.1％ ～19.8％),수년령증가정승고추세(x2=211.99,P＜0.01),25 ～34세조최저,위15.4％(95％ CI:13.7％ ～ 17.0％),≥75세조최고,위28.3％ (95％ CI:24.9％ ～31.6％);녀성[21.1％(95％CI:19.5％ ～22.6％)]고우남성[15.9％(95％CI:14.6％ ～ 17.3％)] (x2 =231.81,P＜0.01);동、중、서부분별위17.4％ (95％ CI:15.3％ ～ 19.5％)、17.2％(95％CI:14.7％ ～ 19.6％)、21.5％ (95％ CI:18.7％ ～ 24.4％),차이유통계학의의(x2=6.75,P＜0.01);상해솔위2.7％(95％CI:2.3％～3.2％),수년령증가정하강추세(x2=25.54,P＜0.01),18 ～ 24세조최고,위3.8％(95％CI:2.6％～5.0％),35 ～44세조최저,위2.3％ (95％ CI:1.8％～2.7％);남성[3.0％(95％CI:2.4％～3.5％)]고우녀성[2.5％(95％CI:2.1％～2.9％)](x2 =8.89,P＜0.01);동、중、서부분별위2.3％ (95％ CI:1.9％ ～ 2.7％)、2.1％(95％CI:1.7％～2.4％)、4.1％ (95％ CI:2.6％ ～5.6％),차이유통계학의의(x2 =16.26,P ＜0.01);심리화정서문제솔위10.0％ (95％ CI:8.8％ ～11.3％),수년령증가정하강추세(x2 =92.14,P＜0.01),18 ～24세조최고,위12.9％(95％CI:10.6％ ～ 15.2％),≥75세조최저,위5.7％ (95％ CI:4.4％ ～7.0％);녀성[10.8％ (95％ CI:9.5％ ～12.1％)]고우남성[9.2％ (95％ CI:7.9％ ～10.5％)](x2=21.59,P＜0.01).결론 2010년중국성년인자평건강상황교호,단잉존재년령、성별화지역차이,저사차이재공공위생정책제정화자원이용시응여이충분고필.
Objective To investigate the self-rated health status among Chinese residents in 2010.Methods Data was from the Non-communicable Disease & Risk Factor Surveillance in China,2010.A total of 98 638 adults aged ≥ 18 years were included in the study.Self-rated health was assessed by four questions:①Would you assess your health status as very good or good,general (not good/not poor),poor or very poor? ②How many days was your health not good for physical illness during the past 30 days? ③How many days was your health not good for injury during the past 30 days? ④How many days was your health not good for mental illness,which include stress and problem with emotions depression during the past 30 days?After being weighed according to complex sampling scheme and post-stratification,the sample was used to estimate the prevalence of self-rated health.The Rao-scott x2 test with different samples was adopted for comparison among groups.Results In total,57.5％ (95％CI:55.5％-59.5％) of the participants rated their health as being either very good or good,36.2％ (95％ CI:34.5％-37.8％) as general,and only 6.3％ (95％CI:5.7％-6.9％) as poor or very poor; In different age groups and gender,the differences were statistically significant(x2values were 1179.88,85.36,both P values were ＜ 0.05).The reported rate of poor or very poor health increased significantly with advancing age ranging from 2.0％ (95％ CI:1.5％-2.4％) in 18-24 year-old group to 14.9％ (95％ CI:12.6％-17.2％) in ≥ 75 year-old group; Females were more likely than males to rate their health as poor or very poor,respectively (7.2％ ;95％ CI 6.5％-7.9％ and 5.4％ ; 95％ CI:4.9％-5.9％).During the past 30 days 18.5％ (95％CI:17.1％-19.8％) of the participants was not in good health for physical illness.The reported rate of physical illness increased significantly with advancing age(x2 =211.99,P ＜ 0.01),and it was the lowest in 25-34 year-old group (15.4％ ; 95％ CI:13.7％-17.0％),and the highest in ≥75 year-old group(28.3％ ; 95％ CI:24.9％-31.6％).It was statistically higher among females (21.1％ ;95％CI:19.5％-22.6％) compared to males (15.9％ ; 95 ％ CI:14.6％-17.3％) (x2 =231.81,P ＜ 0.01) ; the reported rates of physical illness were 17.4％(95％ CI:15.3％-19.5％) among residents in the east region,17.2％ (95％CI:14.7％-19.6％) in the middle region,and 21.5％ (95％ CI:18.7％-24.4％) in the western region(x2 =6.75,P＜0.01).During the past 30 days 2.7％ (95％ CI:2.3％-3.2％) of the participants was not in good health for injure.The reported rate of injure decreased significantly with advancing age (x2 =25.54,P ＜0.01),and it was the highest in 18-24 year-old group (3.8％ ;95％ CI:2.6％-5.0％),and the lowest in 35-44 year-old group(2.3％ ;95％ CI:1.8％-2.7％).It was statistically higher among males (3.0％ ;95％ CI:2.4％-3.5％) compared to females (2.5％ ; 95％ CI:2.1％-2.9％) (x2 =8.89 P ＜ 0.01) ;the reported rates of injure were 2.3％ (95％ CI:1.9％-2.7％) among residents in the east region,2.1％(1.7％-2.4％) in the middle region,and 4.1％ (95％ CI:2.6％-5.6％) in the west region(x2 =16.26,P ＜0.01).During the past 30 days 10.0％ (95％ CI:8.8％-11.3％) of the participants was not in good health for mental illness.The reported rate of mental illness decreased significantly with advancing age(x2 =92.14 P ＜0.01),and it was the highest in 18-24 year-old group (12.9％ ;95％ CI:10.6％-15.2％),and the lowest in ≥75 year-old group(5.7％ ;95％ CI:4.4％-7.0％).It was statistically higher among females (10.8％ ; 95％ CI:9.5％-12.1％) than males (9.2％ ; 95％ CI:7.9％-10.5％) (x2 =21.59,P ＜0.01).Conclusion The self-rated health status among Chinese residents was good in 2010.Substantial variation exists in self-rated health status across age groups,between genders,and across regions.Considering these disparities will be important for developing health policy and allocating resources.
