中华预防医学杂志
中華預防醫學雜誌
중화예방의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF
2014年
1期
58-61
,共4页
操治国%汪天平%张世清%沙建军%黄浩%朱磊
操治國%汪天平%張世清%沙建軍%黃浩%硃磊
조치국%왕천평%장세청%사건군%황호%주뢰
血吸虫病%流行病学%环境监测%横断面研究
血吸蟲病%流行病學%環境鑑測%橫斷麵研究
혈흡충병%류행병학%배경감측%횡단면연구
Schistosomiasis%Epidemiology%Environmental surveillance%Cross-sectional studies
目的 分析“引江济淮”工程对血吸虫病流行的影响,评估安徽省血吸虫病潜在流行区巢湖地区疫情输入与传播的风险.方法 2008-2012年在安徽巢湖地区设立1个固定监测点和3个流动监测点,分别于2008年和2012年秋季对固定监测点常住居民进行血吸虫感染情况调查,共检测615名.于2008-2012年每年秋季对流动监测点流动人口进行血吸虫感染情况调查,共调查1603名,先采用间接红细胞凝集试验(IHA)进行血清学检测,血检阳性者再采用集卵沉淀法进行病原学检查.同期,采用塑料杯顶管孵化法对固定监测点和对巢湖地区当年从流行区购进的家畜进行血吸虫感染情况调查,共调查303头.2008-2012年在巢湖地区危险地带和可疑环境开展钉螺分布情况调查,并在巢湖通江河道打捞漂浮物开展钉螺扩散调查.2007-2010年采用螺笼放养法,对钉螺在巢湖生存繁殖的可能性进行实验研究.结果 2008年和2012年采用IHA分别检查巢湖地区当地居民301和314名,未发现阳性.2008-2012年采用IHA检查巢湖地区流动人口1603名,阳性率为3.1％(49/1603);采用集卵沉淀法检查流动人口75名,27例阳性.采用塑料杯顶管孵化法检查巢湖当地和从流行区购进的家畜共303头,未发现阳性.在巢湖地区危险地带和可疑环境分别调查1630和3551 km2,均未发现钉螺;在巢湖通江河道打捞漂浮物457.6 kg,发现有11只钉螺附着.2007-2010年钉螺在巢湖2个实验区的存活率分别为88％(86/98)、51％ (45/89)、30％(25/71)、24％ (20/84)和92％(85/92)、54％(50/92)、23％(12/52)、17％(13/79),与对照区钉螺存活率[96％(85/89)、52％ (44/85)、26％(18/69)、18％(14/76)]差异均无统计学意义(x2值分别为3.78、0.27、2.51、1.50,P值均＞0.01);2008-2010年每年均在实验区和对照区均检获了子代钉螺,数量为156～312只.结论 巢湖地区已发现输入性血吸虫病传染源,外源性钉螺向巢湖扩散并生存繁殖的可能性较大,安徽省血吸虫病潜在流行区疫情输入与传播的风险较高.
目的 分析“引江濟淮”工程對血吸蟲病流行的影響,評估安徽省血吸蟲病潛在流行區巢湖地區疫情輸入與傳播的風險.方法 2008-2012年在安徽巢湖地區設立1箇固定鑑測點和3箇流動鑑測點,分彆于2008年和2012年鞦季對固定鑑測點常住居民進行血吸蟲感染情況調查,共檢測615名.于2008-2012年每年鞦季對流動鑑測點流動人口進行血吸蟲感染情況調查,共調查1603名,先採用間接紅細胞凝集試驗(IHA)進行血清學檢測,血檢暘性者再採用集卵沉澱法進行病原學檢查.同期,採用塑料杯頂管孵化法對固定鑑測點和對巢湖地區噹年從流行區購進的傢畜進行血吸蟲感染情況調查,共調查303頭.2008-2012年在巢湖地區危險地帶和可疑環境開展釘螺分佈情況調查,併在巢湖通江河道打撈漂浮物開展釘螺擴散調查.2007-2010年採用螺籠放養法,對釘螺在巢湖生存繁殖的可能性進行實驗研究.結果 2008年和2012年採用IHA分彆檢查巢湖地區噹地居民301和314名,未髮現暘性.2008-2012年採用IHA檢查巢湖地區流動人口1603名,暘性率為3.1％(49/1603);採用集卵沉澱法檢查流動人口75名,27例暘性.採用塑料杯頂管孵化法檢查巢湖噹地和從流行區購進的傢畜共303頭,未髮現暘性.在巢湖地區危險地帶和可疑環境分彆調查1630和3551 km2,均未髮現釘螺;在巢湖通江河道打撈漂浮物457.6 kg,髮現有11隻釘螺附著.2007-2010年釘螺在巢湖2箇實驗區的存活率分彆為88％(86/98)、51％ (45/89)、30％(25/71)、24％ (20/84)和92％(85/92)、54％(50/92)、23％(12/52)、17％(13/79),與對照區釘螺存活率[96％(85/89)、52％ (44/85)、26％(18/69)、18％(14/76)]差異均無統計學意義(x2值分彆為3.78、0.27、2.51、1.50,P值均＞0.01);2008-2010年每年均在實驗區和對照區均檢穫瞭子代釘螺,數量為156～312隻.結論 巢湖地區已髮現輸入性血吸蟲病傳染源,外源性釘螺嚮巢湖擴散併生存繁殖的可能性較大,安徽省血吸蟲病潛在流行區疫情輸入與傳播的風險較高.
목적 분석“인강제회”공정대혈흡충병류행적영향,평고안휘성혈흡충병잠재류행구소호지구역정수입여전파적풍험.방법 2008-2012년재안휘소호지구설립1개고정감측점화3개류동감측점,분별우2008년화2012년추계대고정감측점상주거민진행혈흡충감염정황조사,공검측615명.우2008-2012년매년추계대류동감측점류동인구진행혈흡충감염정황조사,공조사1603명,선채용간접홍세포응집시험(IHA)진행혈청학검측,혈검양성자재채용집란침정법진행병원학검사.동기,채용소료배정관부화법대고정감측점화대소호지구당년종류행구구진적가축진행혈흡충감염정황조사,공조사303두.2008-2012년재소호지구위험지대화가의배경개전정라분포정황조사,병재소호통강하도타로표부물개전정라확산조사.2007-2010년채용라롱방양법,대정라재소호생존번식적가능성진행실험연구.결과 2008년화2012년채용IHA분별검사소호지구당지거민301화314명,미발현양성.2008-2012년채용IHA검사소호지구류동인구1603명,양성솔위3.1％(49/1603);채용집란침정법검사류동인구75명,27례양성.채용소료배정관부화법검사소호당지화종류행구구진적가축공303두,미발현양성.재소호지구위험지대화가의배경분별조사1630화3551 km2,균미발현정라;재소호통강하도타로표부물457.6 kg,발현유11지정라부착.2007-2010년정라재소호2개실험구적존활솔분별위88％(86/98)、51％ (45/89)、30％(25/71)、24％ (20/84)화92％(85/92)、54％(50/92)、23％(12/52)、17％(13/79),여대조구정라존활솔[96％(85/89)、52％ (44/85)、26％(18/69)、18％(14/76)]차이균무통계학의의(x2치분별위3.78、0.27、2.51、1.50,P치균＞0.01);2008-2010년매년균재실험구화대조구균검획료자대정라,수량위156～312지.결론 소호지구이발현수입성혈흡충병전염원,외원성정라향소호확산병생존번식적가능성교대,안휘성혈흡충병잠재류행구역정수입여전파적풍험교고.
Objective To analyze the impact of water transfer project from the Yangtze River to the Huaihe River on schistisomiasis transmission,and to evaluate the risk of the disease input to the potential endemic area in Anhui Province,namely the Chaohu Lake region.Methods From 2008 to 2012,1 fixed and 3 mobile surveillance sites in the Chaohu Lake area were selected,and the schistosomiasis infection situation of 615 local residents in the fix surveillance site was investigated in autumns of 2008 and 2012,while the schistosomiasis infection situation of 1603 mobile population in the 3 mobile surveillance sites were investigated in autumns of 2008 to 2012.All people were screened by indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA),and the positive ones were then examined by sedimentation method.303 local livestock and livestock from schistosimiasis endemic areas were examined by stool hatching method in autumns of 2008 to 2012.From 2008 to 2012,the distribution of Oncomelania snails was investigated in risk areas and suspicious areas,and the snail spreading pattern was conducted through salvaging floaters in rivers connected with the Yangtze River.In addition,the Oncomelania snails were raised in the cages on the beaches of the Chaohu Lake,a control area,from 2007 to 2010,and their survival and reproduction capacity was observed.Results In 2008 and 2012,301 and 314 local residents were detected by IHA,but there were no positive found.From 2008 to 2012,a total of 1603 mobile population were examined by IHA,and the positive rate of antibody was 3.1％ (49/1603) ; 75 individuals were examined by sedimentation method,and the positive rate was 36.00％ (27/75).A total of 303 livestock were examined by stool hatching method,but no one showed positive.A total of 1630 km2 in risk areas and 3551 km2 in suspicious areas were surveyed,but there were no Oncomelania snails found.A total of 457.6 kg floating debris were investigated,and 11 Oncomelania snails were found.From 2007 to 2010,the survival rate of Oncomelania snails in two trail areas in the Chaohu Lake and in the control area was 88％ (86/98),51％ (45/89),30％ (25/71),24％ (20/84) and 92％ (85/92),54％ (50/92),23％ (12/52),17％ (13/79) and 96％ (85/89),52％ (44/85),26％ (18/69),18％ (14/76),respectively,there were no statistical significance between the trial areas and the control area (x12 =3.78,P＞0.01; x22 =0.27,P＞0.01; x32 =2.51,P＞0.01; x42 =1.50,P＞ 0.01),and filial generation snails were found in each observation area from 2008 to 2010,the number was 156-312.Conclusion The imported infectious sources of schistosomiasis have been found in the Chaohu Lake region,the possibility of imported exogenous Oncomelania snails spreading into the Lake and surviving and reproducing there is high.The risk of schistosomiasis input to the potential endemic area in Anhui Province is predicted to be high.
