CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解重庆市永川区50岁及以上人群盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率及致病原因.方法以人群为基础的横断面调查.2006年9月至2007年1月对重庆市永川区50岁及以上人群进行视力和眼部检查.采用整群随机抽样方法抽取28个调查点,正式现场调查之前先进行预试验,并进行保证调查质量的重复性检验.根据村户口本逐户检录调查对象.按年龄、性别和受教育程度分别计算受检者盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率,并判断受检者盲和中、重度视力损伤的原因.采用x2检验、趋势x2检验进行各数据间的比较.结果在检录的5663人中,5390人接受并完成了检查,受检率为95.18％.以世界卫生组织1973年视力损伤分类为标准,以最佳矫正视力计算,50岁及以上人群中盲114例,患病率为2.12％,中、重度视力损伤291例,患病率为5.40％；以日常生活视力计算,盲134例,患病率为2.49％,中、重度视力损伤577例,患病率为10.71％.以最佳矫正视力计算,高龄(趋势x2=951.32,P=0.000)、女性(x2=33.35,P=0.000)和文盲(趋势x2=141.32,P=0.000)人群盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率增高.白内障是盲和中、重度视力损伤的主要原因.未矫正屈光不正和视网膜病变也是导致视力损伤的重要原因.结论重庆市永川区50岁及以上人群盲的患病率在我国九省眼病调查结果中较高.白内障仍然是致盲和中、重度视力损伤的主要原因.
목적 료해중경시영천구50세급이상인군맹화중、중도시력손상적환병솔급치병원인.방법 이인군위기출적횡단면조사.2006년9월지2007년1월대중경시영천구50세급이상인군진행시력화안부검사.채용정군수궤추양방법추취28개조사점,정식현장조사지전선진행예시험,병진행보증조사질량적중복성검험.근거촌호구본축호검록조사대상.안년령、성별화수교육정도분별계산수검자맹화중、중도시력손상적환병솔,병판단수검자맹화중、중도시력손상적원인.채용x2검험、추세x2검험진행각수거간적비교.결과 재검록적5663인중,5390인접수병완성료검사,수검솔위95.18％.이세계위생조직1973년시력손상분류위표준,이최가교정시력계산,50세급이상인군중맹114례,환병솔위2.12％,중、중도시력손상291례,환병솔위5.40％；이일상생활시력계산,맹134례,환병솔위2.49％,중、중도시력손상577례,환병솔위10.71％.이최가교정시력계산,고령(추세x2=951.32,P=0.000)、녀성(x2=33.35,P=0.000)화문맹(추세x2=141.32,P=0.000)인군맹화중、중도시력손상적환병솔증고.백내장시맹화중、중도시력손상적주요원인.미교정굴광불정화시망막병변야시도치시력손상적중요원인.결론중경시영천구50세급이상인군맹적환병솔재아국구성안병조사결과중교고.백내장잉연시치맹화중、중도시력손상적주요원인.
Objective To investigate the prevalence and causes of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment among adults aged 50 years or above in Yongchuan of Chongqing City,China.Methods It was a population-based cross-section study.Geographically defined cluster sampling was used in randomly selecting 5663 individuals aged ≥50 years in Yongchuan District.The survey was preceded by a pilot study where operational methods were refined and quality assurance evaluation was carried out.All participants were enumerated through village registers followed door-to-door visits.Eligible individuals were invited to receive visual acuity measurement and eye examination.Prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment was calculated according to different age,gender or education.And the reasons of blindness were analyzed.Statistical analyses were performed using Stata/SE Statistical Software,release 9.0.Chi-square test was used to investigate the association of age,gender and education with presenting and best corrected visual acuity.Results Five thousands six hundreds and sixty-three individuals were enumerated and 5390 persons were examined,the response rate was 95.18％.Based on the criteria of World Health Organization visual impairment classification in 1973,the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment defined as best corrected visual acuity was 2.12％ (114/5390) and 5.40％ (291/ 5390) respectively.The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment defined as presenting visual acuity was 2.49％ (134/5390) and 10.71％ (577/5390) respectively.The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment was higher in aged (trend x2 =951.32,P =0.000),female(x2 =33.35,P =0.000) and illiterate(trend x2 =141.32,P =0.000) persons.Cataract was still the first leading cause of blindness and visual impairment.Un-corrected refractive error also was the main cause of visual impairment.Conclusions The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment is relatively higher among older adults aged 50 years or above in Yongchuan District.The first leading cause of blindness and visual impairment is still cataract.