中华眼科杂志
中華眼科雜誌
중화안과잡지
Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology
2013年
12期
1075-1080
,共6页
视网膜脱离%玻璃体切除术%巩膜扣带术%手术后并发症%黄斑水肿%体层摄影术,光学相干
視網膜脫離%玻璃體切除術%鞏膜釦帶術%手術後併髮癥%黃斑水腫%體層攝影術,光學相榦
시망막탈리%파리체절제술%공막구대술%수술후병발증%황반수종%체층섭영술,광학상간
Retinal detachment%Vitrectomy%Scleral buckling%Postoperative complications%Macular edema%Tomography,optical coherence
目的 探讨孔源性视网膜脱离术后持续性黄斑下积液的发生、转归情况及其与手术方式等因素的关系和对视功能的影响.方法 回顾性系列病例研究.选择2008年6月至2010年12月在河南省眼科研究所河南省立眼科医院行玻璃体切除术或巩膜扣带术的90例(92只眼)连续病例纳入研究,其中男性52例(54只眼),女性38例(38只眼),患者年龄15~ 76岁,平均(45.8±15.3)岁.病例入选标准:孔源性视网膜脱离波及黄斑区,无黄斑裂孔,无明显眼底增生病变;术后1个月经检眼镜和眼部超声检查证实视网膜完全解剖复位,至末次随访无复发;术后随访时间至少1年,且黄斑下积液完全消失后半年以上.患者术前行全面眼科检查,术后第1、3、6、12个月随诊时除常规检查外均行相干光断层扫描(OCT)检查,以后每半年复查一次,至末次随诊,观察黄斑下积液的发生、发展、吸收及视力恢复情况.对视网膜裂孔数目及视网膜脱离范围(波及的钟点数)的比较采用秩和检验,视网膜裂孔不同位置及类型的构成比、黄斑下积液的发生率采用x2检验或Fisher精确检验.结果 玻璃体切除术组和巩膜扣带术组患者术后1、6个月时持续性黄斑下积液的发生率分别为13.9% (5/36)、2.8%(1/36)和48.2%(27/56)、23.2% (13/56).上方裂孔和下方裂孔者术后1个月持续性黄斑下积液发生率分别为13.9%(5/36)和64.3%(18/28),差异有统计学意义(x2=17.38,P<O.01).术后6、12个月时,持续性黄斑下积液阳性和阴性者视力差异均有统计学意义(t=2.525、2.254,P值均<0.05),其他时间点差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).按术后6个月时黄斑下积液是否吸收将所有黄斑下积液患者分为≥6个月组和<6个月组,术后1、3个月两组平均视力分别为0.70±0.33、0.63±0.37和0.50 ±0.25、0.45 ±0.22,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后6、12个月及末次随诊时,两组患者平均视力分别为0.47 ±0.29、0.44 ±0.28、0.42 ±0.22和0.30 ±0.16、0.27 ±0.15、0.27±0.19,差异均有统计学意义(t=2.114、2.207、2.068,P值均<0.05).结论 巩膜扣带术和玻璃体切除术后均可发生持续性黄斑下积液,但巩膜扣带术的发生率较高,病例的选择、裂孔的位置及发病时间是可能的影响因素;持续性黄斑下积液延缓视网膜脱离患者视功能的恢复进程并可能影响术后最终视力,持续时间越长,视力受损的可能性越大.
目的 探討孔源性視網膜脫離術後持續性黃斑下積液的髮生、轉歸情況及其與手術方式等因素的關繫和對視功能的影響.方法 迴顧性繫列病例研究.選擇2008年6月至2010年12月在河南省眼科研究所河南省立眼科醫院行玻璃體切除術或鞏膜釦帶術的90例(92隻眼)連續病例納入研究,其中男性52例(54隻眼),女性38例(38隻眼),患者年齡15~ 76歲,平均(45.8±15.3)歲.病例入選標準:孔源性視網膜脫離波及黃斑區,無黃斑裂孔,無明顯眼底增生病變;術後1箇月經檢眼鏡和眼部超聲檢查證實視網膜完全解剖複位,至末次隨訪無複髮;術後隨訪時間至少1年,且黃斑下積液完全消失後半年以上.患者術前行全麵眼科檢查,術後第1、3、6、12箇月隨診時除常規檢查外均行相榦光斷層掃描(OCT)檢查,以後每半年複查一次,至末次隨診,觀察黃斑下積液的髮生、髮展、吸收及視力恢複情況.對視網膜裂孔數目及視網膜脫離範圍(波及的鐘點數)的比較採用秩和檢驗,視網膜裂孔不同位置及類型的構成比、黃斑下積液的髮生率採用x2檢驗或Fisher精確檢驗.結果 玻璃體切除術組和鞏膜釦帶術組患者術後1、6箇月時持續性黃斑下積液的髮生率分彆為13.9% (5/36)、2.8%(1/36)和48.2%(27/56)、23.2% (13/56).上方裂孔和下方裂孔者術後1箇月持續性黃斑下積液髮生率分彆為13.9%(5/36)和64.3%(18/28),差異有統計學意義(x2=17.38,P<O.01).術後6、12箇月時,持續性黃斑下積液暘性和陰性者視力差異均有統計學意義(t=2.525、2.254,P值均<0.05),其他時間點差異均無統計學意義(P>0.05).按術後6箇月時黃斑下積液是否吸收將所有黃斑下積液患者分為≥6箇月組和<6箇月組,術後1、3箇月兩組平均視力分彆為0.70±0.33、0.63±0.37和0.50 ±0.25、0.45 ±0.22,差異均無統計學意義(P>0.05),術後6、12箇月及末次隨診時,兩組患者平均視力分彆為0.47 ±0.29、0.44 ±0.28、0.42 ±0.22和0.30 ±0.16、0.27 ±0.15、0.27±0.19,差異均有統計學意義(t=2.114、2.207、2.068,P值均<0.05).結論 鞏膜釦帶術和玻璃體切除術後均可髮生持續性黃斑下積液,但鞏膜釦帶術的髮生率較高,病例的選擇、裂孔的位置及髮病時間是可能的影響因素;持續性黃斑下積液延緩視網膜脫離患者視功能的恢複進程併可能影響術後最終視力,持續時間越長,視力受損的可能性越大.
목적 탐토공원성시망막탈리술후지속성황반하적액적발생、전귀정황급기여수술방식등인소적관계화대시공능적영향.방법 회고성계렬병례연구.선택2008년6월지2010년12월재하남성안과연구소하남성립안과의원행파리체절제술혹공막구대술적90례(92지안)련속병례납입연구,기중남성52례(54지안),녀성38례(38지안),환자년령15~ 76세,평균(45.8±15.3)세.병례입선표준:공원성시망막탈리파급황반구,무황반렬공,무명현안저증생병변;술후1개월경검안경화안부초성검사증실시망막완전해부복위,지말차수방무복발;술후수방시간지소1년,차황반하적액완전소실후반년이상.환자술전행전면안과검사,술후제1、3、6、12개월수진시제상규검사외균행상간광단층소묘(OCT)검사,이후매반년복사일차,지말차수진,관찰황반하적액적발생、발전、흡수급시력회복정황.대시망막렬공수목급시망막탈리범위(파급적종점수)적비교채용질화검험,시망막렬공불동위치급류형적구성비、황반하적액적발생솔채용x2검험혹Fisher정학검험.결과 파리체절제술조화공막구대술조환자술후1、6개월시지속성황반하적액적발생솔분별위13.9% (5/36)、2.8%(1/36)화48.2%(27/56)、23.2% (13/56).상방렬공화하방렬공자술후1개월지속성황반하적액발생솔분별위13.9%(5/36)화64.3%(18/28),차이유통계학의의(x2=17.38,P<O.01).술후6、12개월시,지속성황반하적액양성화음성자시력차이균유통계학의의(t=2.525、2.254,P치균<0.05),기타시간점차이균무통계학의의(P>0.05).안술후6개월시황반하적액시부흡수장소유황반하적액환자분위≥6개월조화<6개월조,술후1、3개월량조평균시력분별위0.70±0.33、0.63±0.37화0.50 ±0.25、0.45 ±0.22,차이균무통계학의의(P>0.05),술후6、12개월급말차수진시,량조환자평균시력분별위0.47 ±0.29、0.44 ±0.28、0.42 ±0.22화0.30 ±0.16、0.27 ±0.15、0.27±0.19,차이균유통계학의의(t=2.114、2.207、2.068,P치균<0.05).결론 공막구대술화파리체절제술후균가발생지속성황반하적액,단공막구대술적발생솔교고,병례적선택、렬공적위치급발병시간시가능적영향인소;지속성황반하적액연완시망막탈리환자시공능적회복진정병가능영향술후최종시력,지속시간월장,시력수손적가능성월대.
Objective To investigate the incidence,duration and consequences of persistent submacular fluid after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and scleral buckling surgery (SB) in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment,thus to explore the clinical association between persistent SMF and different surgical methods,and simultaneously,to study the effect of persistent submacular fluid on visual outcome.Methods It was a retrospective case-series study.Ninety-two qualified eyes including 54 eyes of males and 38 eyes of females with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment which had been performed PPV or SB were recruited.The average age of the patients was (45.8 ± 15.3) years with a age-range from 15 to 76 years.The inclusion criteria was as follows,the macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachments without macular hole and obvious proliferative vitreoretinopathy,the retina was completely reattached 1 month after operation and no redetachment was found by ophthalmoscope and B scan till the last follow-up,the minimal follow-up time was 1 year and the submacular fluid must have been dissolved for at least 6 months.All patients underwent thorough ophthalmologic examinations before and after operation,Those patients in whom a persistent submacular fluid was seen on optical coherence tomography (OCT) at 1 month after operation performed follow-up with repeat of the investigations at 3,6 and 12 months after surgery,If the abnormality resolved,further observations were continued to undertake for 6 months or more till the last follow-up.Rank-sum test,x2-test and Fisher exact test were applied respectively to analyze for statistical analysis.Results The incidence of persistent submacular fluid at 1 month after surgery in the PPV and SB group was 13.9%(5/36) and 48.2% (27/56).Six months later however,the figure expressed as percentage was 2.8%(1/36) and 23.2% (18/28) correspondingly.Persistent submacular fluid was more frequent in eyes with inferior breaks (64.3%) than that with superior ones (13.9%),making a significant differences (x2 =17.38,P < 0.01).The persistent submacular fluid group showed worse best-corrected visual acuity than no persistent submacular fluid group 6 and 12 months after surgery.(t =2.525,t =2.254,both P < 0.05).Comparing the visual acuity(VA) between the eyes with or without persistent submacular fluid 6,12 months after surgery and the lastest followed-up among the ever suffered eyes,a statistically significant differences presented in late stages(average VA:0.47 ± 0.29,0.30 ± 0.16;0.44 ± 0.28,0.27 ± 0.15 ;0.42 ± 0.22,0.27 ± 0.19 ; t =2.114,2.207,2.068 ; all P < 0.05),though there were no significant differences in the first three months(average VA:0.70 ±0.33,0.63 ±0.37;0.50 ±0.25,0.45 ±0.22;t =0.556,0.601 ;both P >0.05).Conclusions Persistent submacular fluid presents in both surgical procedures but it is more frequent after buckling surgery than vitrectomy,the selection of patients,the location of retinal breaks and the duration of detachment may be the potential influencing factors.Persistent submacular fluid after retinal detachment surgery is responsible for delayed recovery,and may affect the final visual outcome.The longer it lasts,the more harm may it do.