中华医学杂志
中華醫學雜誌
중화의학잡지
National Medical Journal of China
2013年
3期
172-176
,共5页
注意缺陷多动障碍%智商%操作性%执行功能%横断面研究
註意缺陷多動障礙%智商%操作性%執行功能%橫斷麵研究
주의결함다동장애%지상%조작성%집행공능%횡단면연구
Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder%Intelligence%Practicality%Executive Function%Cross-sectional studies
目的 探讨高智商注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童操作性执行功能特点.方法 采用横断面研究,对符合DSM-Ⅳ诊断标准的高智商[《中国韦氏儿童智力量表》(C-WISC)总智商≥120,于2003年12月至2010年9月北京大学精神卫生研究所门诊就诊的ADHD儿童]和普通智商(90≤FSIQ＜ 110) ADHD儿童各124例及与其年龄、智商相匹配的于2003年12月至2008年6月收集的医院周边学校正常对照儿童各68名,进行操作性执行功能任务测验(Sroop色词命名、数字字母连线、数字广度、汉诺塔、动物正确个数),测查执行功能的抑制、转换、工作记忆、计划、流畅性成分,采用多因素方差分析比较各组间差异.结果 高智商ADHD组在色词命名(3.18 ±0.05)、连线测验(4.38±0.55)差于高智商对照组(2.92±0.07和4.05±0.07),P＜0.01；高智商ADHD组在连线、数字广度(4.86±0.13)、流畅性(23.0±0.5)优于普通智商ADHD组(4.10 ±0.07和19.9±0.5),P＜0.01.结论 高智商ADHD儿童的抑制与转换能力均有受损,但较普通智商ADHD儿童,在转换、工作记忆、流畅性方面受损程度要轻；智商对ADHD操作性执行功能有保护作用.
目的 探討高智商註意缺陷多動障礙(ADHD)兒童操作性執行功能特點.方法 採用橫斷麵研究,對符閤DSM-Ⅳ診斷標準的高智商[《中國韋氏兒童智力量錶》(C-WISC)總智商≥120,于2003年12月至2010年9月北京大學精神衛生研究所門診就診的ADHD兒童]和普通智商(90≤FSIQ＜ 110) ADHD兒童各124例及與其年齡、智商相匹配的于2003年12月至2008年6月收集的醫院週邊學校正常對照兒童各68名,進行操作性執行功能任務測驗(Sroop色詞命名、數字字母連線、數字廣度、漢諾塔、動物正確箇數),測查執行功能的抑製、轉換、工作記憶、計劃、流暢性成分,採用多因素方差分析比較各組間差異.結果 高智商ADHD組在色詞命名(3.18 ±0.05)、連線測驗(4.38±0.55)差于高智商對照組(2.92±0.07和4.05±0.07),P＜0.01；高智商ADHD組在連線、數字廣度(4.86±0.13)、流暢性(23.0±0.5)優于普通智商ADHD組(4.10 ±0.07和19.9±0.5),P＜0.01.結論 高智商ADHD兒童的抑製與轉換能力均有受損,但較普通智商ADHD兒童,在轉換、工作記憶、流暢性方麵受損程度要輕；智商對ADHD操作性執行功能有保護作用.
목적 탐토고지상주의결함다동장애(ADHD)인동조작성집행공능특점.방법 채용횡단면연구,대부합DSM-Ⅳ진단표준적고지상[《중국위씨인동지역량표》(C-WISC)총지상≥120,우2003년12월지2010년9월북경대학정신위생연구소문진취진적ADHD인동]화보통지상(90≤FSIQ＜ 110) ADHD인동각124례급여기년령、지상상필배적우2003년12월지2008년6월수집적의원주변학교정상대조인동각68명,진행조작성집행공능임무측험(Sroop색사명명、수자자모련선、수자엄도、한낙탑、동물정학개수),측사집행공능적억제、전환、공작기억、계화、류창성성분,채용다인소방차분석비교각조간차이.결과 고지상ADHD조재색사명명(3.18 ±0.05)、련선측험(4.38±0.55)차우고지상대조조(2.92±0.07화4.05±0.07),P＜0.01；고지상ADHD조재련선、수자엄도(4.86±0.13)、류창성(23.0±0.5)우우보통지상ADHD조(4.10 ±0.07화19.9±0.5),P＜0.01.결론 고지상ADHD인동적억제여전환능력균유수손,단교보통지상ADHD인동,재전환、공작기억、류창성방면수손정도요경；지상대ADHD조작성집행공능유보호작용.
Objective To explore the practical executive function profiles in high IQ (intelligence quotient) children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a Chinese sample population.Methods For this cross-sectional study,we identified 124 outpatients aged 6.8-13.1 years with a high IQ fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for ADHD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Ⅳ (DSM-Ⅳ),68 children and adolescents without ADHD aged 6.5-13.1 years with a high IQ matched by high IQ children and adolescents with ADHD,124 outpatients aged 6.8-13.2 years with an average IQ with ADHD and 68 normal children and adolescents aged 6.4-13.1 years with an average IQ matched by IQ.We operationalized high IQ as having a full scale intelligence quotient (IQ or FSIQ) ≥120 on Chinese version Wechsler intelligence scale for children (C-WISC) and an average IQ as 90 ≤ IQ ＜ 110.All the above groups were matched by age.All subjects completed practical executive function tests,including Stroop color-word,trail-making,digit span,Tower of Hanoi task and verbal fluency to assess their ability in the aspects of inhibition,shifting,working memory,planning and verbal fluency.Results ADHD group with a high IQ performed worse on the Stroop color-word (3.18 ±0.05) and trail-making tests (4.38 ±0.55) than normal control group with a high IQ (2.92 ±0.07 and 4.05 ±0.07)(P ＜ 0.01).The test performances of trail-making,digit span (4.86 ± 0.13) and fluency (23.0 ± 0.5)were significantly better in high IQ ADHD group than average IQ ADHD group (4.10 ± 0.07 and 19.9±0.5) (P ＜0.01).Conclusion Though a bit better than average IQ ADHD group in shifting,working memory and verbal fluency,the high IQ children and adolescents with ADHD perform worse than high-IQ controls on inhibition and shifting.IQ may protect practical executive function.
