CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查分析我国14岁以上人群支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)患病的危险因素.方法 2010年2月至2011年8月采用多级随机整群抽样方法,以全国8个省(市)年龄＞14岁的常住居民作为研究对象进行人户问卷调查,了解全国哮喘患病情况及相关危险因素,根据病史、体征和肺功能检查确诊哮喘患者,采用SPSS 12.0软件进行统计学分析,探讨我国哮喘患病危险因素的流行病学分布特点.结果共入户调查180 099人,回收有效调查问卷164 215份.入组的164 215人中男79 692人、女84 523人;诊断哮喘患者2 034人,哮喘总体患病率为1.2％(2 034/164215).相关因素分析显示,吸烟(OR=1.697,95％CI:1.547 ～1.861)、母乳喂养(OR=0.801,95％ CI:0.670～0.959)、遗传因素[OR值及相应95％ CI亦均大于l,以哮喘最为显著(OR=10.440,95％CI:8.991 ～12.112)]、各种合并症(OR值及相应95％ CI亦均大于1)、体质指数(与正常体重比较,超重的OR=1.360,95％CI:1.212～1.531;肥胖的OR=10.631,95％CI:9.570 ～ 11.801)、各种宠物饲养(OR值及相应95％ CI均大于1)是哮喘的危险因素.结论我国14岁以上人群哮喘患病危险因素众多,既包括宿主因素如遗传因素、肥胖,也包括吸烟、母乳喂养、合并症、宠物饲养等环境因素,应予以高度重视.
목적 조사분석아국14세이상인군지기관효천(간칭효천)환병적위험인소.방법 2010년2월지2011년8월채용다급수궤정군추양방법,이전국8개성(시)년령＞14세적상주거민작위연구대상진행인호문권조사,료해전국효천환병정황급상관위험인소,근거병사、체정화폐공능검사학진효천환자,채용SPSS 12.0연건진행통계학분석,탐토아국효천환병위험인소적류행병학분포특점.결과 공입호조사180 099인,회수유효조사문권164 215빈.입조적164 215인중남79 692인、녀84 523인;진단효천환자2 034인,효천총체환병솔위1.2％(2 034/164215).상관인소분석현시,흡연(OR=1.697,95％CI:1.547 ～1.861)、모유위양(OR=0.801,95％ CI:0.670～0.959)、유전인소[OR치급상응95％ CI역균대우l,이효천최위현저(OR=10.440,95％CI:8.991 ～12.112)]、각충합병증(OR치급상응95％ CI역균대우1)、체질지수(여정상체중비교,초중적OR=1.360,95％CI:1.212～1.531;비반적OR=10.631,95％CI:9.570 ～ 11.801)、각충총물사양(OR치급상응95％ CI균대우1)시효천적위험인소.결론 아국14세이상인군효천환병위험인소음다,기포괄숙주인소여유전인소、비반,야포괄흡연、모유위양、합병증、총물사양등배경인소,응여이고도중시.
Objective To survey the risk factors of asthma among the people aged over 14 years in China.Methods Home visits for completing epidemiological questionnaires in accordance with stratified cluster random sampling survey were conducted in 8 provinces (cities) of China residents aged over 14 years from February 2010 to August 2011.Asthma was diagnosed based upon case history,clinical signs and lung function test.The SPSS 12.0 software was used for statistic analyses for the epidemiological status of asthma.Results Sampling population was composed of 180 099 subjects.Among 164 215 valid questionnaires,there were 79 692 males and 84 523 females,2 034 had asthma.The overall prevalence rate was 1.2％ (2 034/164 215).Correlation analyses showed that the risk factors were smoking (OR =1.697,95％ CI:1.547-1.861),breast feeding (OR =0.801,95％ CI:0.670-0.959),genetics (OR & 95％ CI ＞ 1,asthma (OR =10.440,95％ CI:8.991-12.112)),complications (OR & 95％ CI ＞ 1),body mass index (compared with normal weight,overweight (OR =1.360,95％ CI:1.212-1.531),obesity (OR =10.631,95％CI:9.570-11.801)) and petting (OR & 95％CI ＞ 1).Conclusion Among Chinese asthmatics aged over 14,their risk factors include host (genetics & obesity) and environmental (smoking,breastfeeding,complications & pets) factors.