中华医院管理杂志
中華醫院管理雜誌
중화의원관리잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATION
2013年
11期
831-836
,共6页
张馨予%高鹰%王德银%王耀刚
張馨予%高鷹%王德銀%王耀剛
장형여%고응%왕덕은%왕요강
直辖市%医疗资源配置%洛伦兹曲线%基尼系数%公平性
直轄市%醫療資源配置%洛倫玆麯線%基尼繫數%公平性
직할시%의료자원배치%락륜자곡선%기니계수%공평성
Municipality%Medical resource allocation%Lorenz curve%Gini coefficient%Equity
目的 通过分析医疗资源配置现状,为合理配置医疗资源提供决策依据.方法 借鉴洛伦兹(Lorenz)曲线和基尼(Gini)系数方法,从卫生服务总人口配置和卫生服务地域面积配置两个角度,以执业医师、注册护士、卫生机构和医疗床位等医疗资源为研究对象,比较我国4个直辖市(京、津、沪、渝)的医疗资源配置情况.结果 按卫生服务总人口配置绘制Lorenz曲线,Gini系数显示四直辖市卫生机构、执业医师、注册护士配置相对平均,医疗床位配置高度平均；按卫生服务地域面积配置绘制Lorenz曲线,Gini系数显示四直辖市卫生机构配置相对平均,执业医师、注册护士、医疗床位配置差距较大.结论 我国四直辖市医疗资源配置呈现“重人口密度、轻地理配置”的状况.按卫生服务地域面积配置医疗资源的公平性较低,影响医疗资源的可及性.
目的 通過分析醫療資源配置現狀,為閤理配置醫療資源提供決策依據.方法 藉鑒洛倫玆(Lorenz)麯線和基尼(Gini)繫數方法,從衛生服務總人口配置和衛生服務地域麵積配置兩箇角度,以執業醫師、註冊護士、衛生機構和醫療床位等醫療資源為研究對象,比較我國4箇直轄市(京、津、滬、渝)的醫療資源配置情況.結果 按衛生服務總人口配置繪製Lorenz麯線,Gini繫數顯示四直轄市衛生機構、執業醫師、註冊護士配置相對平均,醫療床位配置高度平均；按衛生服務地域麵積配置繪製Lorenz麯線,Gini繫數顯示四直轄市衛生機構配置相對平均,執業醫師、註冊護士、醫療床位配置差距較大.結論 我國四直轄市醫療資源配置呈現“重人口密度、輕地理配置”的狀況.按衛生服務地域麵積配置醫療資源的公平性較低,影響醫療資源的可及性.
목적 통과분석의료자원배치현상,위합리배치의료자원제공결책의거.방법 차감락륜자(Lorenz)곡선화기니(Gini)계수방법,종위생복무총인구배치화위생복무지역면적배치량개각도,이집업의사、주책호사、위생궤구화의료상위등의료자원위연구대상,비교아국4개직할시(경、진、호、투)적의료자원배치정황.결과 안위생복무총인구배치회제Lorenz곡선,Gini계수현시사직할시위생궤구、집업의사、주책호사배치상대평균,의료상위배치고도평균；안위생복무지역면적배치회제Lorenz곡선,Gini계수현시사직할시위생궤구배치상대평균,집업의사、주책호사、의료상위배치차거교대.결론 아국사직할시의료자원배치정현“중인구밀도、경지리배치”적상황.안위생복무지역면적배치의료자원적공평성교저,영향의료자원적가급성.
Objective To offer decision support for reasonable allocation of medical resources by analysis of the present resources allocated.Methods Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient method were called into play.This paper studied such medical resources as the practicing doctors,registered nurses,medical institutions and hospital beds,from both the population distribution and geographical distribution aspects.The purpose is to compare the allocation in these municipalities (Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai and Chongqing).Results If the Lorenz curve is drawn based on the total population served with such resources,the Gini coefficients indieate relatively balanced allocation of medical institutions,practicing physicians,and registered nurses in the municipalities,and highly balanced allocation of hospital beds.If the curve is drawn based on geographical distribution,the Gini Coefficient indicates relatively balanced allocation of medical institutions allocation in these municipalities,yet considerable difference in the allocation of practicing physicians,registered nurses,and hospital beds.Conclusion The study shows that medical resources allocation in China in these municipalities mirrors the condition of "Priority to population density,and neglect of geographical distribution".It also reveals poor equity in the geographical distribution of medical resources,which plagues accessibility of medical resources.
