CAJ | 학술논문

人皮肤黑素在黑素细胞的黑素小体内合成,受多重因素的复杂调控,包括转录调节、细胞内信号传导通路调节、产物的反馈调节,以及核受体、细胞因子等对黑素生成的正向(刺激)和负向(抑制)调节.在正常黑素生成过程中,小眼畸形相关转录因子是转录调控酪氨酸酶及其相关蛋白的最重要分子;环磷酸腺苷/蛋白激酶A通路、丝裂原激活的蛋白激酶通路、一氧化氮/环磷酸鸟苷/蛋白激酶G通路、二酯酰甘油/蛋白激酶C通路是参与黑素生成的最主要4条细胞内信号传导通路.对黑素生成有正向(刺激)作用的分子及其受体主要有G蛋白耦联受体及其配体、干细胞生长因子及其受体、核受体及其配体.对黑素生成有负向(抑制)作用的分子及其受体主要有Agouti信号蛋白及其受体、G蛋白耦联受体及其配体、细胞因子和生长因子及其受体.
인피부흑소재흑소세포적흑소소체내합성,수다중인소적복잡조공,포괄전록조절、세포내신호전도통로조절、산물적반궤조절,이급핵수체、세포인자등대흑소생성적정향(자격)화부향(억제)조절.재정상흑소생성과정중,소안기형상관전록인자시전록조공락안산매급기상관단백적최중요분자;배린산선감/단백격매A통로、사렬원격활적단백격매통로、일양화담/배린산조감/단백격매G통로、이지선감유/단백격매C통로시삼여흑소생성적최주요4조세포내신호전도통로.대흑소생성유정향(자격)작용적분자급기수체주요유G단백우련수체급기배체、간세포생장인자급기수체、핵수체급기배체.대흑소생성유부향(억제)작용적분자급기수체주요유Agouti신호단백급기수체、G단백우련수체급기배체、세포인자화생장인자급기수체.
Melanin in human skin is synthesized in the melanosomes of melanocytes,and there are many modes of regulation of melanogenesis,such as transcriptional regulation,regulation by intracellular signaling pathway,feedback regulation by products,and other positive(stimulation)or negative(inhibitory)regulation by nuclear receptors and cytokines.During the process of melanogenesis,microphthalmia transcription factor(MITF)plays a fundamental role in the regulation of tyrosinases and other tyrosinase-related proteins,with cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A(cAMP/PKA)pathway,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)pathway,nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate/protein kinase G(NO/cGMP/PKG)pathway and diacylglycerol/protein kinase C(DG/PKC)pathway as the four major intracellular signaling pathways.Some molecules and their receptors play positive(stimulating)roles in melanogenesis,such as G protein-coupled receptors and their ligands,stem cell growth factor and its receptor,nuclear receptors and their ligands,while some molecules and receptors play negative(inhibiting)roles,such as the Agouti signaling protein and its receptor,G protein-coupled receptors and their ligands,as well as cytokines,growth factors and their receptors.