CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查黑龙江省饮水型氟中毒病区居民生存质量,探讨其影响因素.方法选择黑龙江省饮水型氟中毒病区居民289人,采用中文版的简明健康调查量表(SF-36)、体力活动问卷(IPAQ)、一般资料调查表进行调查.结果本组居民中氟暴露197人,其中74人患氟骨症.氟暴露氟骨症居民、氟暴露无氟骨症居民、非氟暴露居民生理健康总评得分分别为(234.85±96.91),(235.41 ±91.31),(248.93 ± 86.89)分,与常模比较,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为-10.27,-7.56,-7.84；P均＜0.01).氟骨症居民生存质量受损最为严重；氟骨症居民躯体疼痛、情感职能得分分别为(49.38±26.57),(58.33±43.26),无氟骨症居民分别为(49.86±25.76),(68.83±44.09),非氟暴露居民分别为(58.16 ±25.00),(77.03 ±38.59),3组间躯体疼痛、情感职能得分比较,差异有计学意义(F值分别为3.47,4.06;P ＜0.05).影响氟骨症居民生理健康的主要因素为性别、氟骨症严重程度、体力活动；影响氟骨症居民心理健康的主要因素为性别、年人均收入、居住时间.结论氟中毒病区居民生存质量低下,氟骨症居民生存质量受损严重,应从生理和心理两个方面采取积极措施以提高其生存质量.
목적 조사흑룡강성음수형불중독병구거민생존질량,탐토기영향인소.방법 선택흑룡강성음수형불중독병구거민289인,채용중문판적간명건강조사량표(SF-36)、체력활동문권(IPAQ)、일반자료조사표진행조사.결과 본조거민중불폭로197인,기중74인환불골증.불폭로불골증거민、불폭로무불골증거민、비불폭로거민생리건강총평득분분별위(234.85±96.91),(235.41 ±91.31),(248.93 ± 86.89)분,여상모비교,차이유통계학의의(t치분별위-10.27,-7.56,-7.84；P균＜0.01).불골증거민생존질량수손최위엄중；불골증거민구체동통、정감직능득분분별위(49.38±26.57),(58.33±43.26),무불골증거민분별위(49.86±25.76),(68.83±44.09),비불폭로거민분별위(58.16 ±25.00),(77.03 ±38.59),3조간구체동통、정감직능득분비교,차이유계학의의(F치분별위3.47,4.06;P ＜0.05).영향불골증거민생리건강적주요인소위성별、불골증엄중정도、체력활동；영향불골증거민심리건강적주요인소위성별、년인균수입、거주시간.결론 불중독병구거민생존질량저하,불골증거민생존질량수손엄중,응종생리화심리량개방면채취적겁조시이제고기생존질량.
Objective To investigate the quality of life of residents living in high-fluoride-water area of Heilongjiang province and study its influencing factors.Methods A total of 289 residents in high-fluoride-water area of Heilongjiang Province were investigated with Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36),International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and General Information Questionnaire in 2012.Results There were 197 fluoride-exposed residents,74 of which were diagnosed with skeletal fluorosis.The total score of physical health of the skeletal fluorosis residents,non-skeletal fluorosis residents and non-fluorideexposed residents were respectively (234.85 ± 96.91),(235.41 ± 91.31) and (248.93 ± 86.89),there were significant differences compared with norm (t =-10.27,-7.56,-7.84,respectively ; P ＜ 0.01),and the skeletal fluorosis residents had the most severe damage of quality of life.The score of body pain and emotional role of the skeletal fluorosis residents,non-skeletal fluorosis residents and non-fluoride-exposed residents were respectively(49.38 ±26.57) and(58.33 ± 43.26),(49.86 ± 25.76) and (68.83 ± 44.09),(58.16 ±25.00) and(77.03 ±38.59),and there was significant difference in body pain and emotional role among the three groups(F =3.47,4.06,respectively; P ＜ 0.05).The influencing factors of physical component among the skeletal fluorosis residents were gender,severity of skeletal fluorosis,physical activity,while the influencing factors of mental component were gender,annual per capita income and living time.Conclusions Residents'quality of life was most serious damaged in high-fluoride-water area.Positive measures should be taken from both physiological and psychological aspects to improve their quality of life.